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The Apache Cassandra Project develops a highly scalable second-generation distributed database, bringing together Dynamo's fully distributed design and Bigtable's ColumnFamily-based data model.
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cassandra.cql3.restrictions;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.*;
import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import com.google.common.collect.Iterators;
import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
import org.apache.cassandra.config.ColumnDefinition;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.*;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Function;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.Bound;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.StatementType;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.filter.RowFilter;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.AbstractType;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.*;
import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.InvalidRequestException;
import org.apache.cassandra.index.Index;
import org.apache.cassandra.index.SecondaryIndexManager;
import org.apache.cassandra.net.MessagingService;
import org.apache.cassandra.schema.IndexMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.ByteBufferUtil;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.btree.BTreeSet;
import static org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.RequestValidations.checkFalse;
import static org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.RequestValidations.checkNotNull;
import static org.apache.cassandra.cql3.statements.RequestValidations.invalidRequest;
/**
* The restrictions corresponding to the relations specified on the where-clause of CQL query.
*/
public final class StatementRestrictions
{
public static final String REQUIRES_ALLOW_FILTERING_MESSAGE =
"Cannot execute this query as it might involve data filtering and " +
"thus may have unpredictable performance. If you want to execute " +
"this query despite the performance unpredictability, use ALLOW FILTERING";
/**
* The type of statement
*/
private final StatementType type;
/**
* The Column Family meta data
*/
public final CFMetaData cfm;
/**
* Restrictions on partitioning columns
*/
private PrimaryKeyRestrictions partitionKeyRestrictions;
/**
* Restrictions on clustering columns
*/
private PrimaryKeyRestrictions clusteringColumnsRestrictions;
/**
* Restriction on non-primary key columns (i.e. secondary index restrictions)
*/
private RestrictionSet nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions;
/**
* true if nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions contains restriction on a regular column,
* false otherwise.
*/
private boolean hasRegularColumnsRestriction = false;
private Set notNullColumns;
/**
* The restrictions used to build the row filter
*/
private final IndexRestrictions indexRestrictions = new IndexRestrictions();
/**
* true if the secondary index need to be queried, false otherwise
*/
private boolean usesSecondaryIndexing;
/**
* Specify if the query will return a range of partition keys.
*/
private boolean isKeyRange;
/**
* Creates a new empty StatementRestrictions.
*
* @param type the type of statement
* @param cfm the column family meta data
* @return a new empty StatementRestrictions.
*/
public static StatementRestrictions empty(StatementType type, CFMetaData cfm)
{
return new StatementRestrictions(type, cfm);
}
private StatementRestrictions(StatementType type, CFMetaData cfm)
{
this.type = type;
this.cfm = cfm;
this.partitionKeyRestrictions = new PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet(cfm.getKeyValidatorAsClusteringComparator(), true);
this.clusteringColumnsRestrictions = new PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet(cfm.comparator, false);
this.nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions = new RestrictionSet();
this.notNullColumns = new HashSet<>();
}
public StatementRestrictions(StatementType type,
CFMetaData cfm,
WhereClause whereClause,
VariableSpecifications boundNames,
boolean selectsOnlyStaticColumns,
boolean selectACollection,
boolean allowFiltering,
boolean forView) throws InvalidRequestException
{
this.type = type;
this.cfm = cfm;
this.partitionKeyRestrictions = new PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet(cfm.getKeyValidatorAsClusteringComparator(), true);
this.clusteringColumnsRestrictions = new PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet(cfm.comparator, false);
this.nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions = new RestrictionSet();
this.notNullColumns = new HashSet<>();
/*
* WHERE clause. For a given entity, rules are:
* - EQ relation conflicts with anything else (including a 2nd EQ)
* - Can't have more than one LT(E) relation (resp. GT(E) relation)
* - IN relation are restricted to row keys (for now) and conflicts with anything else (we could
* allow two IN for the same entity but that doesn't seem very useful)
* - The value_alias cannot be restricted in any way (we don't support wide rows with indexed value
* in CQL so far)
* - CONTAINS and CONTAINS_KEY cannot be used with UPDATE or DELETE
*/
for (Relation relation : whereClause.relations)
{
if ((relation.isContains() || relation.isContainsKey()) && (type.isUpdate() || type.isDelete()))
{
throw invalidRequest("Cannot use %s with %s", type, relation.operator());
}
if (relation.operator() == Operator.IS_NOT)
{
if (!forView)
throw new InvalidRequestException("Unsupported restriction: " + relation);
for (ColumnDefinition def : relation.toRestriction(cfm, boundNames).getColumnDefs())
this.notNullColumns.add(def);
}
else
{
if (cfm.isSuper() && cfm.isDense() && !relation.onToken())
addRestriction(relation.toSuperColumnAdapter().toRestriction(cfm, boundNames));
else
addRestriction(relation.toRestriction(cfm, boundNames));
}
}
boolean hasQueriableClusteringColumnIndex = false;
boolean hasQueriableIndex = false;
if (type.allowUseOfSecondaryIndices())
{
ColumnFamilyStore cfs = Keyspace.open(cfm.ksName).getColumnFamilyStore(cfm.cfName);
SecondaryIndexManager secondaryIndexManager = cfs.indexManager;
if (whereClause.containsCustomExpressions())
processCustomIndexExpressions(whereClause.expressions, boundNames, secondaryIndexManager);
hasQueriableClusteringColumnIndex = clusteringColumnsRestrictions.hasSupportingIndex(secondaryIndexManager);
hasQueriableIndex = !indexRestrictions.getCustomIndexExpressions().isEmpty()
|| hasQueriableClusteringColumnIndex
|| partitionKeyRestrictions.hasSupportingIndex(secondaryIndexManager)
|| nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.hasSupportingIndex(secondaryIndexManager);
}
// At this point, the select statement if fully constructed, but we still have a few things to validate
processPartitionKeyRestrictions(hasQueriableIndex);
// Some but not all of the partition key columns have been specified;
// hence we need turn these restrictions into a row filter.
if (usesSecondaryIndexing)
indexRestrictions.add(partitionKeyRestrictions);
if (selectsOnlyStaticColumns && hasClusteringColumnsRestriction())
{
// If the only updated/deleted columns are static, then we don't need clustering columns.
// And in fact, unless it is an INSERT, we reject if clustering colums are provided as that
// suggest something unintended. For instance, given:
// CREATE TABLE t (k int, v int, s int static, PRIMARY KEY (k, v))
// it can make sense to do:
// INSERT INTO t(k, v, s) VALUES (0, 1, 2)
// but both
// UPDATE t SET s = 3 WHERE k = 0 AND v = 1
// DELETE v FROM t WHERE k = 0 AND v = 1
// sounds like you don't really understand what your are doing.
if (type.isDelete() || type.isUpdate())
throw invalidRequest("Invalid restrictions on clustering columns since the %s statement modifies only static columns",
type);
if (type.isSelect())
throw invalidRequest("Cannot restrict clustering columns when selecting only static columns");
}
processClusteringColumnsRestrictions(hasQueriableIndex, selectsOnlyStaticColumns, selectACollection, forView);
// Covers indexes on the first clustering column (among others).
if (isKeyRange && hasQueriableClusteringColumnIndex)
usesSecondaryIndexing = true;
usesSecondaryIndexing = usesSecondaryIndexing || clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isContains();
if (usesSecondaryIndexing)
indexRestrictions.add(clusteringColumnsRestrictions);
// Even if usesSecondaryIndexing is false at this point, we'll still have to use one if
// there is restrictions not covered by the PK.
if (!nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.isEmpty())
{
if (!type.allowNonPrimaryKeyInWhereClause())
{
Collection nonPrimaryKeyColumns =
ColumnDefinition.toIdentifiers(nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.getColumnDefs());
throw invalidRequest("Non PRIMARY KEY columns found in where clause: %s ",
Joiner.on(", ").join(nonPrimaryKeyColumns));
}
if (hasQueriableIndex)
{
usesSecondaryIndexing = true;
}
else if (!allowFiltering && !cfm.isSuper())
{
throw invalidRequest(StatementRestrictions.REQUIRES_ALLOW_FILTERING_MESSAGE);
}
checkFalse(clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isEmpty() && cfm.isSuper(),
"Filtering is not supported on SuperColumn tables");
indexRestrictions.add(nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions);
}
if (usesSecondaryIndexing)
validateSecondaryIndexSelections(selectsOnlyStaticColumns);
}
private void addRestriction(Restriction restriction)
{
if (restriction.isMultiColumn())
clusteringColumnsRestrictions = clusteringColumnsRestrictions.mergeWith(restriction);
else if (restriction.isOnToken())
partitionKeyRestrictions = partitionKeyRestrictions.mergeWith(restriction);
else
addSingleColumnRestriction((SingleColumnRestriction) restriction);
}
public void addFunctionsTo(List functions)
{
partitionKeyRestrictions.addFunctionsTo(functions);
clusteringColumnsRestrictions.addFunctionsTo(functions);
nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.addFunctionsTo(functions);
}
private void addSingleColumnRestriction(SingleColumnRestriction restriction)
{
ColumnDefinition def = restriction.columnDef;
if (def.isPartitionKey())
partitionKeyRestrictions = partitionKeyRestrictions.mergeWith(restriction);
else if (def.isClusteringColumn())
clusteringColumnsRestrictions = clusteringColumnsRestrictions.mergeWith(restriction);
else
{
if (restriction.columnDef.kind == ColumnDefinition.Kind.REGULAR)
{
hasRegularColumnsRestriction = true;
}
nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions = nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.addRestriction(restriction);
}
}
/**
* Returns the non-PK column that are restricted. If includeNotNullRestrictions is true, columns that are restricted
* by an IS NOT NULL restriction will be included, otherwise they will not be included (unless another restriction
* applies to them).
*/
public Set nonPKRestrictedColumns(boolean includeNotNullRestrictions)
{
Set columns = new HashSet<>();
for (Restrictions r : indexRestrictions.getRestrictions())
{
for (ColumnDefinition def : r.getColumnDefs())
if (!def.isPrimaryKeyColumn())
columns.add(def);
}
if (includeNotNullRestrictions)
{
for (ColumnDefinition def : notNullColumns)
{
if (!def.isPrimaryKeyColumn())
columns.add(def);
}
}
return columns;
}
/**
* @return the set of columns that have an IS NOT NULL restriction on them
*/
public Set notNullColumns()
{
return notNullColumns;
}
/**
* @return true if column is restricted by some restriction, false otherwise
*/
public boolean isRestricted(ColumnDefinition column)
{
if (notNullColumns.contains(column))
return true;
else if (column.isPartitionKey())
return partitionKeyRestrictions.getColumnDefs().contains(column);
else if (column.isClusteringColumn())
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.getColumnDefs().contains(column);
else
return nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.getColumnDefs().contains(column);
}
/**
* Checks if the restrictions on the partition key is an IN restriction.
*
* @return true the restrictions on the partition key is an IN restriction, false
* otherwise.
*/
public boolean keyIsInRelation()
{
return partitionKeyRestrictions.isIN();
}
/**
* Checks if the query request a range of partition keys.
*
* @return true if the query request a range of partition keys, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean isKeyRange()
{
return this.isKeyRange;
}
public boolean hasRegularColumnsRestriction()
{
return hasRegularColumnsRestriction;
}
/**
* Checks if the secondary index need to be queried.
*
* @return true if the secondary index need to be queried, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean usesSecondaryIndexing()
{
return this.usesSecondaryIndexing;
}
private void processPartitionKeyRestrictions(boolean hasQueriableIndex)
{
if (!type.allowPartitionKeyRanges())
{
checkFalse(partitionKeyRestrictions.isOnToken(),
"The token function cannot be used in WHERE clauses for %s statements", type);
if (hasUnrestrictedPartitionKeyComponents())
throw invalidRequest("Some partition key parts are missing: %s",
Joiner.on(", ").join(getPartitionKeyUnrestrictedComponents()));
}
else
{
// If there is a queriable index, no special condition are required on the other restrictions.
// But we still need to know 2 things:
// - If we don't have a queriable index, is the query ok
// - Is it queriable without 2ndary index, which is always more efficient
// If a component of the partition key is restricted by a relation, all preceding
// components must have a EQ. Only the last partition key component can be in IN relation.
if (partitionKeyRestrictions.isOnToken())
isKeyRange = true;
if (hasUnrestrictedPartitionKeyComponents())
{
if (!partitionKeyRestrictions.isEmpty())
{
if (!hasQueriableIndex)
throw invalidRequest("Partition key parts: %s must be restricted as other parts are",
Joiner.on(", ").join(getPartitionKeyUnrestrictedComponents()));
}
isKeyRange = true;
usesSecondaryIndexing = hasQueriableIndex;
}
}
}
/**
* Checks if the partition key has some unrestricted components.
* @return true if the partition key has some unrestricted components, false otherwise.
*/
private boolean hasUnrestrictedPartitionKeyComponents()
{
return partitionKeyRestrictions.size() < cfm.partitionKeyColumns().size();
}
public boolean hasPartitionKeyRestrictions()
{
return !partitionKeyRestrictions.isEmpty();
}
/**
* Checks if the restrictions contain any non-primary key restrictions
* @return true if the restrictions contain any non-primary key restrictions, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean hasNonPrimaryKeyRestrictions()
{
return !nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.isEmpty();
}
/**
* Returns the partition key components that are not restricted.
* @return the partition key components that are not restricted.
*/
private Collection getPartitionKeyUnrestrictedComponents()
{
List list = new ArrayList<>(cfm.partitionKeyColumns());
list.removeAll(partitionKeyRestrictions.getColumnDefs());
return ColumnDefinition.toIdentifiers(list);
}
/**
* Checks if the restrictions on the partition key are token restrictions.
*
* @return true if the restrictions on the partition key are token restrictions,
* false otherwise.
*/
public boolean isPartitionKeyRestrictionsOnToken()
{
return partitionKeyRestrictions.isOnToken();
}
/**
* Checks if restrictions on the clustering key have IN restrictions.
*
* @return true if the restrictions on the clustering key have IN restrictions,
* false otherwise.
*/
public boolean clusteringKeyRestrictionsHasIN()
{
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isIN();
}
/**
* Processes the clustering column restrictions.
*
* @param hasQueriableIndex true if some of the queried data are indexed, false otherwise
* @param selectsOnlyStaticColumns true if the selected or modified columns are all statics,
* false otherwise.
* @param selectACollection true if the query should return a collection column
*/
private void processClusteringColumnsRestrictions(boolean hasQueriableIndex,
boolean selectsOnlyStaticColumns,
boolean selectACollection,
boolean forView) throws InvalidRequestException
{
validateClusteringRestrictions(hasQueriableIndex);
checkFalse(!type.allowClusteringColumnSlices() && clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isSlice(),
"Slice restrictions are not supported on the clustering columns in %s statements", type);
if (!type.allowClusteringColumnSlices()
&& (!cfm.isCompactTable() || (cfm.isCompactTable() && !hasClusteringColumnsRestriction())))
{
if (!selectsOnlyStaticColumns && hasUnrestrictedClusteringColumns())
throw invalidRequest("Some clustering keys are missing: %s",
Joiner.on(", ").join(getUnrestrictedClusteringColumns()));
}
else
{
checkFalse(clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isIN() && selectACollection,
"Cannot restrict clustering columns by IN relations when a collection is selected by the query");
checkFalse(clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isContains() && !hasQueriableIndex,
"Cannot restrict clustering columns by a CONTAINS relation without a secondary index");
if (hasClusteringColumnsRestriction() && clusteringRestrictionsNeedFiltering())
{
if (hasQueriableIndex || forView)
{
usesSecondaryIndexing = true;
return;
}
List clusteringColumns = cfm.clusteringColumns();
List restrictedColumns = new LinkedList<>(clusteringColumnsRestrictions.getColumnDefs());
for (int i = 0, m = restrictedColumns.size(); i < m; i++)
{
ColumnDefinition clusteringColumn = clusteringColumns.get(i);
ColumnDefinition restrictedColumn = restrictedColumns.get(i);
if (!clusteringColumn.equals(restrictedColumn))
{
throw invalidRequest(
"PRIMARY KEY column \"%s\" cannot be restricted as preceding column \"%s\" is not restricted",
restrictedColumn.name,
clusteringColumn.name);
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* Validates whether or not restrictions are allowed for execution when secondary index is not used.
*/
public final void validateClusteringRestrictions(boolean hasQueriableIndex)
{
assert clusteringColumnsRestrictions instanceof PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet;
// If there's a queriable index, filtering will take care of clustering restrictions
if (hasQueriableIndex)
return;
Iterator iter = ((PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet) clusteringColumnsRestrictions).iterator();
Restriction previousRestriction = null;
while (iter.hasNext())
{
Restriction restriction = iter.next();
if (previousRestriction != null)
{
ColumnDefinition lastRestrictionStart = previousRestriction.getFirstColumn();
ColumnDefinition newRestrictionStart = restriction.getFirstColumn();
if (previousRestriction.isSlice() && newRestrictionStart.position() > lastRestrictionStart.position())
throw invalidRequest("Clustering column \"%s\" cannot be restricted (preceding column \"%s\" is restricted by a non-EQ relation)",
newRestrictionStart.name,
lastRestrictionStart.name);
}
previousRestriction = restriction;
}
}
public final boolean clusteringRestrictionsNeedFiltering()
{
assert clusteringColumnsRestrictions instanceof PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet;
return ((PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet) clusteringColumnsRestrictions).needsFiltering();
}
/**
* Returns the clustering columns that are not restricted.
* @return the clustering columns that are not restricted.
*/
private Collection getUnrestrictedClusteringColumns()
{
List missingClusteringColumns = new ArrayList<>(cfm.clusteringColumns());
missingClusteringColumns.removeAll(new LinkedList<>(clusteringColumnsRestrictions.getColumnDefs()));
return ColumnDefinition.toIdentifiers(missingClusteringColumns);
}
/**
* Checks if some clustering columns are not restricted.
* @return true if some clustering columns are not restricted, false otherwise.
*/
private boolean hasUnrestrictedClusteringColumns()
{
return cfm.clusteringColumns().size() != clusteringColumnsRestrictions.size();
}
private void processCustomIndexExpressions(List expressions,
VariableSpecifications boundNames,
SecondaryIndexManager indexManager)
{
if (!MessagingService.instance().areAllNodesAtLeast30())
throw new InvalidRequestException("Please upgrade all nodes to at least 3.0 before using custom index expressions");
if (expressions.size() > 1)
throw new InvalidRequestException(IndexRestrictions.MULTIPLE_EXPRESSIONS);
CustomIndexExpression expression = expressions.get(0);
CFName cfName = expression.targetIndex.getCfName();
if (cfName.hasKeyspace()
&& !expression.targetIndex.getKeyspace().equals(cfm.ksName))
throw IndexRestrictions.invalidIndex(expression.targetIndex, cfm);
if (cfName.getColumnFamily() != null && !cfName.getColumnFamily().equals(cfm.cfName))
throw IndexRestrictions.invalidIndex(expression.targetIndex, cfm);
if (!cfm.getIndexes().has(expression.targetIndex.getIdx()))
throw IndexRestrictions.indexNotFound(expression.targetIndex, cfm);
Index index = indexManager.getIndex(cfm.getIndexes().get(expression.targetIndex.getIdx()).get());
if (!index.getIndexMetadata().isCustom())
throw IndexRestrictions.nonCustomIndexInExpression(expression.targetIndex);
AbstractType expressionType = index.customExpressionValueType();
if (expressionType == null)
throw IndexRestrictions.customExpressionNotSupported(expression.targetIndex);
expression.prepareValue(cfm, expressionType, boundNames);
indexRestrictions.add(expression);
}
public RowFilter getRowFilter(SecondaryIndexManager indexManager, QueryOptions options)
{
if (indexRestrictions.isEmpty())
return RowFilter.NONE;
RowFilter filter = RowFilter.create();
for (Restrictions restrictions : indexRestrictions.getRestrictions())
restrictions.addRowFilterTo(filter, indexManager, options);
for (CustomIndexExpression expression : indexRestrictions.getCustomIndexExpressions())
expression.addToRowFilter(filter, cfm, options);
return filter;
}
/**
* Returns the partition keys for which the data is requested.
*
* @param options the query options
* @return the partition keys for which the data is requested.
*/
public List getPartitionKeys(final QueryOptions options)
{
return partitionKeyRestrictions.values(options);
}
/**
* Returns the specified bound of the partition key.
*
* @param b the boundary type
* @param options the query options
* @return the specified bound of the partition key
*/
private ByteBuffer getPartitionKeyBound(Bound b, QueryOptions options)
{
// Deal with unrestricted partition key components (special-casing is required to deal with 2i queries on the
// first component of a composite partition key).
if (hasUnrestrictedPartitionKeyComponents())
return ByteBufferUtil.EMPTY_BYTE_BUFFER;
// We deal with IN queries for keys in other places, so we know buildBound will return only one result
return partitionKeyRestrictions.bounds(b, options).get(0);
}
/**
* Returns the partition key bounds.
*
* @param options the query options
* @return the partition key bounds
*/
public AbstractBounds getPartitionKeyBounds(QueryOptions options)
{
IPartitioner p = cfm.partitioner;
if (partitionKeyRestrictions.isOnToken())
{
return getPartitionKeyBoundsForTokenRestrictions(p, options);
}
return getPartitionKeyBounds(p, options);
}
private AbstractBounds getPartitionKeyBounds(IPartitioner p,
QueryOptions options)
{
ByteBuffer startKeyBytes = getPartitionKeyBound(Bound.START, options);
ByteBuffer finishKeyBytes = getPartitionKeyBound(Bound.END, options);
PartitionPosition startKey = PartitionPosition.ForKey.get(startKeyBytes, p);
PartitionPosition finishKey = PartitionPosition.ForKey.get(finishKeyBytes, p);
if (startKey.compareTo(finishKey) > 0 && !finishKey.isMinimum())
return null;
if (partitionKeyRestrictions.isInclusive(Bound.START))
{
return partitionKeyRestrictions.isInclusive(Bound.END)
? new Bounds<>(startKey, finishKey)
: new IncludingExcludingBounds<>(startKey, finishKey);
}
return partitionKeyRestrictions.isInclusive(Bound.END)
? new Range<>(startKey, finishKey)
: new ExcludingBounds<>(startKey, finishKey);
}
private AbstractBounds getPartitionKeyBoundsForTokenRestrictions(IPartitioner p,
QueryOptions options)
{
Token startToken = getTokenBound(Bound.START, options, p);
Token endToken = getTokenBound(Bound.END, options, p);
boolean includeStart = partitionKeyRestrictions.isInclusive(Bound.START);
boolean includeEnd = partitionKeyRestrictions.isInclusive(Bound.END);
/*
* If we ask SP.getRangeSlice() for (token(200), token(200)], it will happily return the whole ring.
* However, wrapping range doesn't really make sense for CQL, and we want to return an empty result in that
* case (CASSANDRA-5573). So special case to create a range that is guaranteed to be empty.
*
* In practice, we want to return an empty result set if either startToken > endToken, or both are equal but
* one of the bound is excluded (since [a, a] can contains something, but not (a, a], [a, a) or (a, a)).
* Note though that in the case where startToken or endToken is the minimum token, then this special case
* rule should not apply.
*/
int cmp = startToken.compareTo(endToken);
if (!startToken.isMinimum() && !endToken.isMinimum()
&& (cmp > 0 || (cmp == 0 && (!includeStart || !includeEnd))))
return null;
PartitionPosition start = includeStart ? startToken.minKeyBound() : startToken.maxKeyBound();
PartitionPosition end = includeEnd ? endToken.maxKeyBound() : endToken.minKeyBound();
return new Range<>(start, end);
}
private Token getTokenBound(Bound b, QueryOptions options, IPartitioner p)
{
if (!partitionKeyRestrictions.hasBound(b))
return p.getMinimumToken();
ByteBuffer value = partitionKeyRestrictions.bounds(b, options).get(0);
checkNotNull(value, "Invalid null token value");
return p.getTokenFactory().fromByteArray(value);
}
/**
* Checks if the query has some restrictions on the clustering columns.
*
* @return true if the query has some restrictions on the clustering columns,
* false otherwise.
*/
public boolean hasClusteringColumnsRestriction()
{
return !clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isEmpty();
}
/**
* Returns the requested clustering columns.
*
* @param options the query options
* @return the requested clustering columns
*/
public NavigableSet getClusteringColumns(QueryOptions options)
{
// If this is a names command and the table is a static compact one, then as far as CQL is concerned we have
// only a single row which internally correspond to the static parts. In which case we want to return an empty
// set (since that's what ClusteringIndexNamesFilter expects).
if (cfm.isStaticCompactTable())
return BTreeSet.empty(cfm.comparator);
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.valuesAsClustering(options);
}
/**
* Returns the bounds (start or end) of the clustering columns.
*
* @param b the bound type
* @param options the query options
* @return the bounds (start or end) of the clustering columns
*/
public NavigableSet getClusteringColumnsBounds(Bound b, QueryOptions options)
{
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.boundsAsClustering(b, options);
}
/**
* Checks if the bounds (start or end) of the clustering columns are inclusive.
*
* @param bound the bound type
* @return true if the bounds (start or end) of the clustering columns are inclusive,
* false otherwise
*/
public boolean areRequestedBoundsInclusive(Bound bound)
{
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isInclusive(bound);
}
/**
* Checks if the query returns a range of columns.
*
* @return true if the query returns a range of columns, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean isColumnRange()
{
// For static compact tables we want to ignore the fake clustering column (note that if we weren't special casing,
// this would mean a 'SELECT *' on a static compact table would query whole partitions, even though we'll only return
// the static part as far as CQL is concerned. This is thus mostly an optimization to use the query-by-name path).
int numberOfClusteringColumns = cfm.isStaticCompactTable() ? 0 : cfm.clusteringColumns().size();
// it is a range query if it has at least one the column alias for which no relation is defined or is not EQ.
return clusteringColumnsRestrictions.size() < numberOfClusteringColumns
|| (!clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isEQ() && !clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isIN());
}
/**
* Checks if the query need to use filtering.
* @return true if the query need to use filtering, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean needFiltering()
{
int numberOfRestrictions = indexRestrictions.getCustomIndexExpressions().size();
for (Restrictions restrictions : indexRestrictions.getRestrictions())
numberOfRestrictions += restrictions.size();
return numberOfRestrictions > 1
|| (numberOfRestrictions == 0 && !clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isEmpty())
|| (numberOfRestrictions != 0
&& nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.hasMultipleContains());
}
private void validateSecondaryIndexSelections(boolean selectsOnlyStaticColumns)
{
checkFalse(keyIsInRelation(),
"Select on indexed columns and with IN clause for the PRIMARY KEY are not supported");
// When the user only select static columns, the intent is that we don't query the whole partition but just
// the static parts. But 1) we don't have an easy way to do that with 2i and 2) since we don't support index on
// static columns so far, 2i means that you've restricted a non static column, so the query is somewhat
// non-sensical.
// Note: an exception is if the index is a KEYS one. Which can happen if the user had a KEYS index on
// a compact table, and subsequently DROP COMPACT STORAGE on that table. After which, the KEYS index will still
// work, but queries will effectively be only on now-static columns and we should let this work.
checkFalse(selectsOnlyStaticColumns && !hasKeysIndex(cfm),
"Queries using 2ndary indexes don't support selecting only static columns");
}
private boolean hasKeysIndex(CFMetaData cfm)
{
return Iterables.any(cfm.getIndexes(), i -> i.kind == IndexMetadata.Kind.KEYS);
}
/**
* Checks that all the primary key columns (partition key and clustering columns) are restricted by an equality
* relation ('=' or 'IN').
*
* @return true if all the primary key columns are restricted by an equality relation.
*/
public boolean hasAllPKColumnsRestrictedByEqualities()
{
return !isPartitionKeyRestrictionsOnToken()
&& !hasUnrestrictedPartitionKeyComponents()
&& (partitionKeyRestrictions.isEQ() || partitionKeyRestrictions.isIN())
&& !hasUnrestrictedClusteringColumns()
&& (clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isEQ() || clusteringColumnsRestrictions.isIN());
}
private SuperColumnCompatibility.SuperColumnRestrictions cached;
public SuperColumnCompatibility.SuperColumnRestrictions getSuperColumnRestrictions()
{
assert cfm.isSuper() && cfm.isDense();
if (cached == null)
cached = new SuperColumnCompatibility.SuperColumnRestrictions(Iterators.concat(((PrimaryKeyRestrictionSet) clusteringColumnsRestrictions).iterator(),
nonPrimaryKeyRestrictions.iterator()));
return cached;
}
}
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