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The Apache Cassandra Project develops a highly scalable second-generation distributed database, bringing together Dynamo's fully distributed design and Bigtable's ColumnFamily-based data model.
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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.cassandra.io.util;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOError;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.zip.CRC32;
import java.util.zip.CheckedInputStream;
import java.util.zip.Checksum;

import org.apache.cassandra.io.FSWriteError;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Component;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Descriptor;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Throwables;

public class DataIntegrityMetadata
{
    public static ChecksumValidator checksumValidator(Descriptor desc) throws IOException
    {
        return new ChecksumValidator(desc);
    }

    public static class ChecksumValidator implements Closeable
    {
        private final Checksum checksum;
        private final RandomAccessReader reader;
        public final int chunkSize;
        private final String dataFilename;

        public ChecksumValidator(Descriptor descriptor) throws IOException
        {
            this(descriptor.version.uncompressedChecksumType().newInstance(),
                 RandomAccessReader.open(new File(descriptor.filenameFor(Component.CRC))),
                 descriptor.filenameFor(Component.DATA));
        }

        public ChecksumValidator(Checksum checksum, RandomAccessReader reader, String dataFilename) throws IOException
        {
            this.checksum = checksum;
            this.reader = reader;
            this.dataFilename = dataFilename;
            chunkSize = reader.readInt();
        }

        public void seek(long offset)
        {
            long start = chunkStart(offset);
            reader.seek(((start / chunkSize) * 4L) + 4); // 8 byte checksum per chunk + 4 byte header/chunkLength
        }

        public long chunkStart(long offset)
        {
            long startChunk = offset / chunkSize;
            return startChunk * chunkSize;
        }

        public void validate(byte[] bytes, int start, int end) throws IOException
        {
            checksum.update(bytes, start, end);
            int current = (int) checksum.getValue();
            checksum.reset();
            int actual = reader.readInt();
            if (current != actual)
                throw new IOException("Corrupted File : " + dataFilename);
        }

        public void close()
        {
            reader.close();
        }
    }

    public static FileDigestValidator fileDigestValidator(Descriptor desc) throws IOException
    {
        return new FileDigestValidator(desc);
    }

    public static class FileDigestValidator implements Closeable
    {
        private final Checksum checksum;
        private final RandomAccessReader digestReader;
        private final RandomAccessReader dataReader;
        private final Descriptor descriptor;
        private long storedDigestValue;

        public FileDigestValidator(Descriptor descriptor) throws IOException
        {
            this.descriptor = descriptor;
            checksum = descriptor.version.uncompressedChecksumType().newInstance();
            digestReader = RandomAccessReader.open(new File(descriptor.filenameFor(descriptor.digestComponent)));
            dataReader = RandomAccessReader.open(new File(descriptor.filenameFor(Component.DATA)));
            try
            {
                storedDigestValue = Long.parseLong(digestReader.readLine());
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                close();
                // Attempting to create a FileDigestValidator without a DIGEST file will fail
                throw new IOException("Corrupted SSTable : " + descriptor.filenameFor(Component.DATA));
            }
        }

        // Validate the entire file
        public void validate() throws IOException
        {
            CheckedInputStream checkedInputStream = new CheckedInputStream(dataReader, checksum);
            byte[] chunk = new byte[64 * 1024];

            while( checkedInputStream.read(chunk) > 0 ) { }
            long calculatedDigestValue = checkedInputStream.getChecksum().getValue();
            if (storedDigestValue != calculatedDigestValue) {
                throw new IOException("Corrupted SSTable : " + descriptor.filenameFor(Component.DATA));
            }
        }

        public void close()
        {
            Throwables.perform(digestReader::close,
                               dataReader::close);
        }
    }


    public static class ChecksumWriter
    {
        private final CRC32 incrementalChecksum = new CRC32();
        private final DataOutput incrementalOut;
        private final CRC32 fullChecksum = new CRC32();

        public ChecksumWriter(DataOutput incrementalOut)
        {
            this.incrementalOut = incrementalOut;
        }

        public void writeChunkSize(int length)
        {
            try
            {
                incrementalOut.writeInt(length);
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new IOError(e);
            }
        }

        // checksumIncrementalResult indicates if the checksum we compute for this buffer should itself be
        // included in the full checksum, translating to if the partial checksum is serialized along with the
        // data it checksums (in which case the file checksum as calculated by external tools would mismatch if
        // we did not include it), or independently.

        // CompressedSequentialWriters serialize the partial checksums inline with the compressed data chunks they
        // corroborate, whereas ChecksummedSequentialWriters serialize them to a different file.
        public void appendDirect(ByteBuffer bb, boolean checksumIncrementalResult)
        {
            try
            {

                ByteBuffer toAppend = bb.duplicate();
                toAppend.mark();
                incrementalChecksum.update(toAppend);
                toAppend.reset();

                int incrementalChecksumValue = (int) incrementalChecksum.getValue();
                incrementalOut.writeInt(incrementalChecksumValue);

                fullChecksum.update(toAppend);
                if (checksumIncrementalResult)
                {
                    ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(4);
                    byteBuffer.putInt(incrementalChecksumValue);
                    fullChecksum.update(byteBuffer.array(), 0, byteBuffer.array().length);
                }
                incrementalChecksum.reset();

            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new IOError(e);
            }
        }

        public void writeFullChecksum(Descriptor descriptor)
        {
            if (descriptor.digestComponent == null)
                throw new NullPointerException("Null digest component for " + descriptor.ksname + '.' + descriptor.cfname + " file " + descriptor.baseFilename());
            File outFile = new File(descriptor.filenameFor(descriptor.digestComponent));
            try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outFile);
                 DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(fos)))
            {
                out.write(String.valueOf(fullChecksum.getValue()).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                out.flush();
                fos.getFD().sync();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw new FSWriteError(e, outFile);
            }
        }
    }
}