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The Apache Cassandra Project develops a highly scalable second-generation distributed database, bringing together Dynamo's fully distributed design and Bigtable's ColumnFamily-based data model.
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cassandra.tools;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLine;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLineParser;
import org.apache.commons.cli.HelpFormatter;
import org.apache.commons.cli.Option;
import org.apache.commons.cli.Options;
import org.apache.commons.cli.ParseException;
import org.apache.commons.cli.PosixParser;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.DecoratedKey;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.SerializationHeader;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.AbstractType;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.rows.EncodingStats;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.IPartitioner;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CompressionMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Component;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Descriptor;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.IndexSummary;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.CompactionMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.MetadataComponent;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.MetadataType;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.StatsMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.ValidationMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Pair;
/**
* Shows the contents of sstable metadata
*/
public class SSTableMetadataViewer
{
private static final String GCGS_KEY = "gc_grace_seconds";
/**
* @param args a list of sstables whose metadata we're interested in
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
PrintStream out = System.out;
Option optGcgs = new Option(null, GCGS_KEY, true, "The "+GCGS_KEY+" to use when calculating droppable tombstones");
Options options = new Options();
options.addOption(optGcgs);
CommandLine cmd = null;
CommandLineParser parser = new PosixParser();
try
{
cmd = parser.parse(options, args);
}
catch (ParseException e)
{
printHelp(options, out);
}
if (cmd.getArgs().length == 0)
{
printHelp(options, out);
}
int gcgs = Integer.parseInt(cmd.getOptionValue(GCGS_KEY, "0"));
Util.initDatabaseDescriptor();
for (String fname : cmd.getArgs())
{
if (new File(fname).exists())
{
Descriptor descriptor = Descriptor.fromFilename(fname);
Map metadata = descriptor.getMetadataSerializer().deserialize(descriptor, EnumSet.allOf(MetadataType.class));
ValidationMetadata validation = (ValidationMetadata) metadata.get(MetadataType.VALIDATION);
StatsMetadata stats = (StatsMetadata) metadata.get(MetadataType.STATS);
CompactionMetadata compaction = (CompactionMetadata) metadata.get(MetadataType.COMPACTION);
CompressionMetadata compression = null;
File compressionFile = new File(descriptor.filenameFor(Component.COMPRESSION_INFO));
if (compressionFile.exists())
compression = CompressionMetadata.create(fname);
SerializationHeader.Component header = (SerializationHeader.Component) metadata.get(MetadataType.HEADER);
out.printf("SSTable: %s%n", descriptor);
if (validation != null)
{
out.printf("Partitioner: %s%n", validation.partitioner);
out.printf("Bloom Filter FP chance: %f%n", validation.bloomFilterFPChance);
}
if (stats != null)
{
out.printf("Minimum timestamp: %s%n", stats.minTimestamp);
out.printf("Maximum timestamp: %s%n", stats.maxTimestamp);
out.printf("SSTable min local deletion time: %s%n", stats.minLocalDeletionTime);
out.printf("SSTable max local deletion time: %s%n", stats.maxLocalDeletionTime);
out.printf("Compressor: %s%n", compression != null ? compression.compressor().getClass().getName() : "-");
if (compression != null)
out.printf("Compression ratio: %s%n", stats.compressionRatio);
out.printf("TTL min: %s%n", stats.minTTL);
out.printf("TTL max: %s%n", stats.maxTTL);
if (validation != null && header != null)
printMinMaxToken(descriptor, FBUtilities.newPartitioner(descriptor), header.getKeyType(), out);
if (header != null && header.getClusteringTypes().size() == stats.minClusteringValues.size())
{
List> clusteringTypes = header.getClusteringTypes();
List minClusteringValues = stats.minClusteringValues;
List maxClusteringValues = stats.maxClusteringValues;
String[] minValues = new String[clusteringTypes.size()];
String[] maxValues = new String[clusteringTypes.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < clusteringTypes.size(); i++)
{
minValues[i] = clusteringTypes.get(i).getString(minClusteringValues.get(i));
maxValues[i] = clusteringTypes.get(i).getString(maxClusteringValues.get(i));
}
out.printf("minClustringValues: %s%n", Arrays.toString(minValues));
out.printf("maxClustringValues: %s%n", Arrays.toString(maxValues));
}
out.printf("Estimated droppable tombstones: %s%n", stats.getEstimatedDroppableTombstoneRatio((int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000) - gcgs));
out.printf("SSTable Level: %d%n", stats.sstableLevel);
out.printf("Repaired at: %d%n", stats.repairedAt);
out.printf("Originating host id: %s%n", stats.originatingHostId);
out.printf("Replay positions covered: %s%n", stats.commitLogIntervals);
out.printf("totalColumnsSet: %s%n", stats.totalColumnsSet);
out.printf("totalRows: %s%n", stats.totalRows);
out.println("Estimated tombstone drop times:");
for (Map.Entry entry : stats.estimatedTombstoneDropTime.getAsMap().entrySet())
{
out.printf("%-10s:%10s%n",entry.getKey().intValue(), entry.getValue()[0]);
}
printHistograms(stats, out);
}
if (compaction != null)
{
out.printf("Estimated cardinality: %s%n", compaction.cardinalityEstimator.cardinality());
}
if (header != null)
{
EncodingStats encodingStats = header.getEncodingStats();
AbstractType keyType = header.getKeyType();
List> clusteringTypes = header.getClusteringTypes();
Map> staticColumns = header.getStaticColumns();
Map statics = staticColumns.entrySet().stream()
.collect(Collectors.toMap(
e -> UTF8Type.instance.getString(e.getKey()),
e -> e.getValue().toString()));
Map> regularColumns = header.getRegularColumns();
Map regulars = regularColumns.entrySet().stream()
.collect(Collectors.toMap(
e -> UTF8Type.instance.getString(e.getKey()),
e -> e.getValue().toString()));
out.printf("EncodingStats minTTL: %s%n", encodingStats.minTTL);
out.printf("EncodingStats minLocalDeletionTime: %s%n", encodingStats.minLocalDeletionTime);
out.printf("EncodingStats minTimestamp: %s%n", encodingStats.minTimestamp);
out.printf("KeyType: %s%n", keyType.toString());
out.printf("ClusteringTypes: %s%n", clusteringTypes.toString());
out.printf("StaticColumns: {%s}%n", FBUtilities.toString(statics));
out.printf("RegularColumns: {%s}%n", FBUtilities.toString(regulars));
}
}
else
{
out.println("No such file: " + fname);
}
}
}
private static void printHelp(Options options, PrintStream out)
{
out.println();
new HelpFormatter().printHelp("Usage: sstablemetadata [--"+GCGS_KEY+" n] ", "Dump contents of given SSTable to standard output in JSON format.", options, "");
System.exit(1);
}
private static void printHistograms(StatsMetadata metadata, PrintStream out)
{
long[] offsets = metadata.estimatedPartitionSize.getBucketOffsets();
long[] ersh = metadata.estimatedPartitionSize.getBuckets(false);
long[] ecch = metadata.estimatedColumnCount.getBuckets(false);
out.println(String.format("%-10s%18s%18s",
"Count", "Row Size", "Cell Count"));
for (int i = 0; i < offsets.length; i++)
{
out.println(String.format("%-10d%18s%18s",
offsets[i],
(i < ersh.length ? ersh[i] : ""),
(i < ecch.length ? ecch[i] : "")));
}
}
private static void printMinMaxToken(Descriptor descriptor, IPartitioner partitioner, AbstractType keyType, PrintStream out) throws IOException
{
File summariesFile = new File(descriptor.filenameFor(Component.SUMMARY));
if (!summariesFile.exists())
return;
try (DataInputStream iStream = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(summariesFile)))
{
Pair firstLast = new IndexSummary.IndexSummarySerializer().deserializeFirstLastKey(iStream, partitioner, descriptor.version.hasSamplingLevel());
out.printf("First token: %s (key=%s)%n", firstLast.left.getToken(), keyType.getString(firstLast.left.getKey()));
out.printf("Last token: %s (key=%s)%n", firstLast.right.getToken(), keyType.getString(firstLast.right.getKey()));
}
}
}
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