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The Apache Cassandra Project develops a highly scalable second-generation distributed database, bringing together Dynamo's fully distributed design and Bigtable's ColumnFamily-based data model.
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cassandra.tools;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.apache.cassandra.schema.TableMetadata;
import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.DecoratedKey;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.PartitionPosition;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.rows.UnfilteredRowIterator;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.AbstractBounds;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Bounds;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.IPartitioner;
import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.ConfigurationException;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.Descriptor;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.ISSTableScanner;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.KeyIterator;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.SSTableReader;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLine;
import org.apache.commons.cli.CommandLineParser;
import org.apache.commons.cli.HelpFormatter;
import org.apache.commons.cli.Option;
import org.apache.commons.cli.Options;
import org.apache.commons.cli.ParseException;
import org.apache.commons.cli.PosixParser;
import org.apache.cassandra.schema.TableMetadataRef;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
/**
* Export SSTables to JSON format.
*/
public class SSTableExport
{
static
{
FBUtilities.preventIllegalAccessWarnings();
}
private static final String KEY_OPTION = "k";
private static final String DEBUG_OUTPUT_OPTION = "d";
private static final String EXCLUDE_KEY_OPTION = "x";
private static final String ENUMERATE_KEYS_OPTION = "e";
private static final String RAW_TIMESTAMPS = "t";
private static final String PARTITION_JSON_LINES = "l";
private static final Options options = new Options();
private static CommandLine cmd;
static
{
DatabaseDescriptor.clientInitialization();
Option optKey = new Option(KEY_OPTION, true, "List of included partition keys");
// Number of times -k can be passed on the command line.
optKey.setArgs(500);
options.addOption(optKey);
Option excludeKey = new Option(EXCLUDE_KEY_OPTION, true, "List of excluded partition keys");
// Number of times -x can be passed on the command line.
excludeKey.setArgs(500);
options.addOption(excludeKey);
Option optEnumerate = new Option(ENUMERATE_KEYS_OPTION, false, "enumerate partition keys only");
options.addOption(optEnumerate);
Option debugOutput = new Option(DEBUG_OUTPUT_OPTION, false, "CQL row per line internal representation");
options.addOption(debugOutput);
Option rawTimestamps = new Option(RAW_TIMESTAMPS, false, "Print raw timestamps instead of iso8601 date strings");
options.addOption(rawTimestamps);
Option partitionJsonLines= new Option(PARTITION_JSON_LINES, false, "Output json lines, by partition");
options.addOption(partitionJsonLines);
}
/**
* Given arguments specifying an SSTable, and optionally an output file, export the contents of the SSTable to JSON.
*
* @param args
* command lines arguments
* @throws ConfigurationException
* on configuration failure (wrong params given)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static void main(String[] args) throws ConfigurationException
{
CommandLineParser parser = new PosixParser();
try
{
cmd = parser.parse(options, args);
}
catch (ParseException e1)
{
System.err.println(e1.getMessage());
printUsage();
System.exit(1);
}
String[] keys = cmd.getOptionValues(KEY_OPTION);
HashSet excludes = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(
cmd.getOptionValues(EXCLUDE_KEY_OPTION) == null
? new String[0]
: cmd.getOptionValues(EXCLUDE_KEY_OPTION)));
if (cmd.getArgs().length != 1)
{
String msg = "You must supply exactly one sstable";
if (cmd.getArgs().length == 0 && (keys != null && keys.length > 0 || !excludes.isEmpty()))
msg += ", which should be before the -k/-x options so it's not interpreted as a partition key.";
System.err.println(msg);
printUsage();
System.exit(1);
}
String ssTableFileName = new File(cmd.getArgs()[0]).getAbsolutePath();
if (!new File(ssTableFileName).exists())
{
System.err.println("Cannot find file " + ssTableFileName);
System.exit(1);
}
Descriptor desc = Descriptor.fromFilename(ssTableFileName);
try
{
TableMetadata metadata = Util.metadataFromSSTable(desc);
if (cmd.hasOption(ENUMERATE_KEYS_OPTION))
{
try (KeyIterator iter = new KeyIterator(desc, metadata))
{
JsonTransformer.keysToJson(null, Util.iterToStream(iter),
cmd.hasOption(RAW_TIMESTAMPS),
metadata,
System.out);
}
}
else
{
SSTableReader sstable = SSTableReader.openNoValidation(desc, TableMetadataRef.forOfflineTools(metadata));
IPartitioner partitioner = sstable.getPartitioner();
final ISSTableScanner currentScanner;
if ((keys != null) && (keys.length > 0))
{
List> bounds = Arrays.stream(keys)
.filter(key -> !excludes.contains(key))
.map(metadata.partitionKeyType::fromString)
.map(partitioner::decorateKey)
.sorted()
.map(DecoratedKey::getToken)
.map(token -> new Bounds<>(token.minKeyBound(), token.maxKeyBound())).collect(Collectors.toList());
currentScanner = sstable.getScanner(bounds.iterator());
}
else
{
currentScanner = sstable.getScanner();
}
Stream partitions = Util.iterToStream(currentScanner).filter(i ->
excludes.isEmpty() || !excludes.contains(metadata.partitionKeyType.getString(i.partitionKey().getKey()))
);
if (cmd.hasOption(DEBUG_OUTPUT_OPTION))
{
AtomicLong position = new AtomicLong();
partitions.forEach(partition ->
{
position.set(currentScanner.getCurrentPosition());
if (!partition.partitionLevelDeletion().isLive())
{
System.out.println("[" + metadata.partitionKeyType.getString(partition.partitionKey().getKey()) + "]@" +
position.get() + " " + partition.partitionLevelDeletion());
}
if (!partition.staticRow().isEmpty())
{
System.out.println("[" + metadata.partitionKeyType.getString(partition.partitionKey().getKey()) + "]@" +
position.get() + " " + partition.staticRow().toString(metadata, true));
}
partition.forEachRemaining(row ->
{
System.out.println(
"[" + metadata.partitionKeyType.getString(partition.partitionKey().getKey()) + "]@"
+ position.get() + " " + row.toString(metadata, false, true));
position.set(currentScanner.getCurrentPosition());
});
});
}
else if (cmd.hasOption(PARTITION_JSON_LINES))
{
JsonTransformer.toJsonLines(currentScanner, partitions, cmd.hasOption(RAW_TIMESTAMPS), metadata, System.out);
}
else
{
JsonTransformer.toJson(currentScanner, partitions, cmd.hasOption(RAW_TIMESTAMPS), metadata, System.out);
}
}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
// throwing exception outside main with broken pipe causes windows cmd to hang
e.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
System.exit(0);
}
private static void printUsage()
{
String usage = String.format("sstabledump %n");
String header = "Dump contents of given SSTable to standard output in JSON format.";
new HelpFormatter().printHelp(usage, header, options, "");
}
}