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Apache Commons Lang, a package of Java utility classes for the
classes that are in java.lang's hierarchy, or are considered to be so
standard as to justify existence in java.lang.
The code is tested using the latest revision of the JDK for supported
LTS releases: 8, 11, 17 and 21 currently.
See https://github.com/apache/commons-lang/blob/master/.github/workflows/maven.yml
Please ensure your build environment is up-to-date and kindly report any build issues.
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.commons.lang3;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* An immutable range of objects from a minimum to maximum point inclusive.
*
* The objects need to either be implementations of {@link Comparable}
* or you need to supply a {@link Comparator}.
*
* #ThreadSafe# if the objects and comparator are thread-safe.
*
* @param The type of range values.
* @since 3.0
*/
public class Range implements Serializable {
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
private enum ComparableComparator implements Comparator {
INSTANCE;
/**
* Comparable based compare implementation.
*
* @param obj1 left-hand side of comparison
* @param obj2 right-hand side of comparison
* @return negative, 0, positive comparison value
*/
@Override
public int compare(final Object obj1, final Object obj2) {
return ((Comparable) obj1).compareTo(obj2);
}
}
/**
* Serialization version.
*
* @see java.io.Serializable
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* Creates a range with the specified minimum and maximum values (both inclusive).
*
* The range uses the natural ordering of the elements to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* The arguments may be passed in the order (min,max) or (max,min).
* The getMinimum and getMaximum methods will return the correct values.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param fromInclusive the first value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param toInclusive the second value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException when fromInclusive is null.
* @throws NullPointerException when toInclusive is null.
* @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not {@link Comparable}
* @deprecated Use {@link #of(Comparable, Comparable)}.
*/
@Deprecated
public static > Range between(final T fromInclusive, final T toInclusive) {
return of(fromInclusive, toInclusive, null);
}
/**
* Creates a range with the specified minimum and maximum values (both inclusive).
*
* The range uses the specified {@link Comparator} to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* The arguments may be passed in the order (min,max) or (max,min).
* The getMinimum and getMaximum methods will return the correct values.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param fromInclusive the first value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param toInclusive the second value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param comparator the comparator to be used, null for natural ordering
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException when fromInclusive is null.
* @throws NullPointerException when toInclusive is null.
* @throws ClassCastException if using natural ordering and the elements are not {@link Comparable}
* @deprecated Use {@link #of(Object, Object, Comparator)}.
*/
@Deprecated
public static Range between(final T fromInclusive, final T toInclusive, final Comparator comparator) {
return new Range<>(fromInclusive, toInclusive, comparator);
}
/**
* Creates a range using the specified element as both the minimum
* and maximum in this range.
*
* The range uses the natural ordering of the elements to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param element the value to use for this range, not null
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException if the element is null
* @throws ClassCastException if the element is not {@link Comparable}
*/
public static > Range is(final T element) {
return of(element, element, null);
}
/**
* Creates a range using the specified element as both the minimum
* and maximum in this range.
*
* The range uses the specified {@link Comparator} to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param element the value to use for this range, must not be {@code null}
* @param comparator the comparator to be used, null for natural ordering
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException if the element is null
* @throws ClassCastException if using natural ordering and the elements are not {@link Comparable}
*/
public static Range is(final T element, final Comparator comparator) {
return of(element, element, comparator);
}
/**
* Creates a range with the specified minimum and maximum values (both inclusive).
*
* The range uses the natural ordering of the elements to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* The arguments may be passed in the order (min,max) or (max,min).
* The getMinimum and getMaximum methods will return the correct values.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param fromInclusive the first value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param toInclusive the second value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException if either element is null
* @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not {@link Comparable}
* @since 3.13.0
*/
public static > Range of(final T fromInclusive, final T toInclusive) {
return of(fromInclusive, toInclusive, null);
}
/**
* Creates a range with the specified minimum and maximum values (both inclusive).
*
* The range uses the specified {@link Comparator} to determine where
* values lie in the range.
*
* The arguments may be passed in the order (min,max) or (max,min).
* The getMinimum and getMaximum methods will return the correct values.
*
* @param the type of the elements in this range
* @param fromInclusive the first value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param toInclusive the second value that defines the edge of the range, inclusive
* @param comparator the comparator to be used, null for natural ordering
* @return the range object, not null
* @throws NullPointerException when fromInclusive is null.
* @throws NullPointerException when toInclusive is null.
* @throws ClassCastException if using natural ordering and the elements are not {@link Comparable}
* @since 3.13.0
*/
public static Range of(final T fromInclusive, final T toInclusive, final Comparator comparator) {
return new Range<>(fromInclusive, toInclusive, comparator);
}
/**
* The ordering scheme used in this range.
*/
private final Comparator comparator;
/**
* Cached output hashCode (class is immutable).
*/
private transient int hashCode;
/**
* The maximum value in this range (inclusive).
*/
private final T maximum;
/**
* The minimum value in this range (inclusive).
*/
private final T minimum;
/**
* Cached output toString (class is immutable).
*/
private transient String toString;
/**
* Creates an instance.
*
* @param element1 the first element, not null
* @param element2 the second element, not null
* @param comp the comparator to be used, null for natural ordering
* @throws NullPointerException when element1 is null.
* @throws NullPointerException when element2 is null.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Range(final T element1, final T element2, final Comparator comp) {
Objects.requireNonNull(element1, "element1");
Objects.requireNonNull(element2, "element2");
if (comp == null) {
this.comparator = ComparableComparator.INSTANCE;
} else {
this.comparator = comp;
}
if (this.comparator.compare(element1, element2) < 1) {
this.minimum = element1;
this.maximum = element2;
} else {
this.minimum = element2;
this.maximum = element1;
}
}
/**
* Checks whether the specified element occurs within this range.
*
* @param element the element to check for, null returns false
* @return true if the specified element occurs within this range
*/
public boolean contains(final T element) {
if (element == null) {
return false;
}
return comparator.compare(element, minimum) > -1 && comparator.compare(element, maximum) < 1;
}
/**
* Checks whether this range contains all the elements of the specified range.
*
* This method may fail if the ranges have two different comparators or element types.
*
* @param otherRange the range to check, null returns false
* @return true if this range contains the specified range
* @throws RuntimeException if ranges cannot be compared
*/
public boolean containsRange(final Range otherRange) {
if (otherRange == null) {
return false;
}
return contains(otherRange.minimum)
&& contains(otherRange.maximum);
}
/**
* Checks where the specified element occurs relative to this range.
*
* The API is reminiscent of the Comparable interface returning {@code -1} if
* the element is before the range, {@code 0} if contained within the range and
* {@code 1} if the element is after the range.
*
* @param element the element to check for, not null
* @return -1, 0 or +1 depending on the element's location relative to the range
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is {@code null}
*/
public int elementCompareTo(final T element) {
// Comparable API says throw NPE on null
Objects.requireNonNull(element, "element");
if (isAfter(element)) {
return -1;
}
if (isBefore(element)) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/**
* Compares this range to another object to test if they are equal..
*
* To be equal, the minimum and maximum values must be equal, which
* ignores any differences in the comparator.
*
* @param obj the reference object with which to compare
* @return true if this object is equal
*/
@Override
public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
if (obj == this) {
return true;
}
if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != getClass()) {
return false;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // OK because we checked the class above
final
Range range = (Range) obj;
return minimum.equals(range.minimum) &&
maximum.equals(range.maximum);
}
/**
* Fits the given element into this range by returning the given element or, if out of bounds, the range minimum if
* below, or the range maximum if above.
*
*
* Range<Integer> range = Range.between(16, 64);
* range.fit(-9) --> 16
* range.fit(0) --> 16
* range.fit(15) --> 16
* range.fit(16) --> 16
* range.fit(17) --> 17
* ...
* range.fit(63) --> 63
* range.fit(64) --> 64
* range.fit(99) --> 64
*
* @param element the element to check for, not null
* @return the minimum, the element, or the maximum depending on the element's location relative to the range
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is {@code null}
* @since 3.10
*/
public T fit(final T element) {
// Comparable API says throw NPE on null
Objects.requireNonNull(element, "element");
if (isAfter(element)) {
return minimum;
}
if (isBefore(element)) {
return maximum;
}
return element;
}
/**
* Gets the comparator being used to determine if objects are within the range.
*
* Natural ordering uses an internal comparator implementation, thus this
* method never returns null. See {@link #isNaturalOrdering()}.
*
* @return the comparator being used, not null
*/
public Comparator getComparator() {
return comparator;
}
/**
* Gets the maximum value in this range.
*
* @return the maximum value in this range, not null
*/
public T getMaximum() {
return maximum;
}
/**
* Gets the minimum value in this range.
*
* @return the minimum value in this range, not null
*/
public T getMinimum() {
return minimum;
}
/**
* Gets a suitable hash code for the range.
*
* @return a hash code value for this object
*/
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = hashCode;
if (hashCode == 0) {
result = 17;
result = 37 * result + getClass().hashCode();
result = 37 * result + minimum.hashCode();
result = 37 * result + maximum.hashCode();
hashCode = result;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Calculate the intersection of {@code this} and an overlapping Range.
* @param other overlapping Range
* @return range representing the intersection of {@code this} and {@code other} ({@code this} if equal)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code other} does not overlap {@code this}
* @since 3.0.1
*/
public Range intersectionWith(final Range other) {
if (!this.isOverlappedBy(other)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
"Cannot calculate intersection with non-overlapping range %s", other));
}
if (this.equals(other)) {
return this;
}
final T min = getComparator().compare(minimum, other.minimum) < 0 ? other.minimum : minimum;
final T max = getComparator().compare(maximum, other.maximum) < 0 ? maximum : other.maximum;
return of(min, max, getComparator());
}
/**
* Checks whether this range is after the specified element.
*
* @param element the element to check for, null returns false
* @return true if this range is entirely after the specified element
*/
public boolean isAfter(final T element) {
if (element == null) {
return false;
}
return comparator.compare(element, minimum) < 0;
}
/**
* Checks whether this range is completely after the specified range.
*
* This method may fail if the ranges have two different comparators or element types.
*
* @param otherRange the range to check, null returns false
* @return true if this range is completely after the specified range
* @throws RuntimeException if ranges cannot be compared
*/
public boolean isAfterRange(final Range otherRange) {
if (otherRange == null) {
return false;
}
return isAfter(otherRange.maximum);
}
/**
* Checks whether this range is before the specified element.
*
* @param element the element to check for, null returns false
* @return true if this range is entirely before the specified element
*/
public boolean isBefore(final T element) {
if (element == null) {
return false;
}
return comparator.compare(element, maximum) > 0;
}
/**
* Checks whether this range is completely before the specified range.
*
* This method may fail if the ranges have two different comparators or element types.
*
* @param otherRange the range to check, null returns false
* @return true if this range is completely before the specified range
* @throws RuntimeException if ranges cannot be compared
*/
public boolean isBeforeRange(final Range otherRange) {
if (otherRange == null) {
return false;
}
return isBefore(otherRange.minimum);
}
/**
* Checks whether this range ends with the specified element.
*
* @param element the element to check for, null returns false
* @return true if the specified element occurs within this range
*/
public boolean isEndedBy(final T element) {
if (element == null) {
return false;
}
return comparator.compare(element, maximum) == 0;
}
/**
* Whether or not the Range is using the natural ordering of the elements.
*
* Natural ordering uses an internal comparator implementation, thus this
* method is the only way to check if a null comparator was specified.
*
* @return true if using natural ordering
*/
public boolean isNaturalOrdering() {
return comparator == ComparableComparator.INSTANCE;
}
/**
* Checks whether this range is overlapped by the specified range.
*
* Two ranges overlap if there is at least one element in common.
*
* This method may fail if the ranges have two different comparators or element types.
*
* @param otherRange the range to test, null returns false
* @return true if the specified range overlaps with this
* range; otherwise, {@code false}
* @throws RuntimeException if ranges cannot be compared
*/
public boolean isOverlappedBy(final Range otherRange) {
if (otherRange == null) {
return false;
}
return otherRange.contains(minimum)
|| otherRange.contains(maximum)
|| contains(otherRange.minimum);
}
/**
* Checks whether this range starts with the specified element.
*
* @param element the element to check for, null returns false
* @return true if the specified element occurs within this range
*/
public boolean isStartedBy(final T element) {
if (element == null) {
return false;
}
return comparator.compare(element, minimum) == 0;
}
/**
* Gets the range as a {@link String}.
*
* The format of the String is '[min..max]'.
*
* @return the {@link String} representation of this range
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
if (toString == null) {
toString = "[" + minimum + ".." + maximum + "]";
}
return toString;
}
/**
* Formats the receiver using the given format.
*
* This uses {@link java.util.Formattable} to perform the formatting. Three variables may
* be used to embed the minimum, maximum and comparator.
* Use {@code %1$s} for the minimum element, {@code %2$s} for the maximum element
* and {@code %3$s} for the comparator.
* The default format used by {@code toString()} is {@code [%1$s..%2$s]}.
*
* @param format the format string, optionally containing {@code %1$s}, {@code %2$s} and {@code %3$s}, not null
* @return the formatted string, not null
*/
public String toString(final String format) {
return String.format(format, minimum, maximum, comparator);
}
}
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