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/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.hadoop.ipc;

import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability.Unstable;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.ConnectionId;
import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC.RpcInvoker;
import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.protobuf.ProtobufRpcEngine2Protos.RequestHeaderProto;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.token.SecretManager;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.token.TokenIdentifier;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.protobuf.BlockingService;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.protobuf.Descriptors.MethodDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.protobuf.Message;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.protobuf.ServiceException;
import org.apache.hadoop.thirdparty.protobuf.TextFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Time;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGet;
import org.apache.htrace.core.TraceScope;
import org.apache.htrace.core.Tracer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.net.SocketFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

/**
 * RPC Engine for for protobuf based RPCs.
 */
@InterfaceStability.Evolving
public class ProtobufRpcEngine2 implements RpcEngine {
  public static final Logger LOG =
      LoggerFactory.getLogger(ProtobufRpcEngine2.class);
  private static final ThreadLocal>
      ASYNC_RETURN_MESSAGE = new ThreadLocal<>();

  static { // Register the rpcRequest deserializer for ProtobufRpcEngine
    registerProtocolEngine();
  }

  static void registerProtocolEngine() {
    if (Server.getRpcInvoker(RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER) == null) {
      org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server
          .registerProtocolEngine(RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER,
              ProtobufRpcEngine2.RpcProtobufRequest.class,
              new Server.ProtoBufRpcInvoker());
    }
  }

  private static final ClientCache CLIENTS = new ClientCache();

  @Unstable
  public static AsyncGet getAsyncReturnMessage() {
    return ASYNC_RETURN_MESSAGE.get();
  }

  public  ProtocolProxy getProxy(Class protocol, long clientVersion,
      InetSocketAddress addr, UserGroupInformation ticket, Configuration conf,
      SocketFactory factory, int rpcTimeout) throws IOException {
    return getProxy(protocol, clientVersion, addr, ticket, conf, factory,
        rpcTimeout, null);
  }

  @Override
  public  ProtocolProxy getProxy(
      Class protocol, long clientVersion,
      InetSocketAddress addr, UserGroupInformation ticket, Configuration conf,
      SocketFactory factory, int rpcTimeout, RetryPolicy connectionRetryPolicy)
      throws IOException {
    return getProxy(protocol, clientVersion, addr, ticket, conf, factory,
      rpcTimeout, connectionRetryPolicy, null, null);
  }

  @Override
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public  ProtocolProxy getProxy(Class protocol, long clientVersion,
      InetSocketAddress addr, UserGroupInformation ticket, Configuration conf,
      SocketFactory factory, int rpcTimeout, RetryPolicy connectionRetryPolicy,
      AtomicBoolean fallbackToSimpleAuth, AlignmentContext alignmentContext)
      throws IOException {

    final Invoker invoker = new Invoker(protocol, addr, ticket, conf, factory,
        rpcTimeout, connectionRetryPolicy, fallbackToSimpleAuth,
        alignmentContext);
    return new ProtocolProxy(protocol, (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
        protocol.getClassLoader(), new Class[]{protocol}, invoker), false);
  }

  @Override
  public ProtocolProxy getProtocolMetaInfoProxy(
      ConnectionId connId, Configuration conf, SocketFactory factory)
      throws IOException {
    Class protocol = ProtocolMetaInfoPB.class;
    return new ProtocolProxy(protocol,
        (ProtocolMetaInfoPB) Proxy.newProxyInstance(protocol.getClassLoader(),
            new Class[]{protocol}, new Invoker(protocol, connId, conf,
                factory)), false);
  }

  protected static class Invoker implements RpcInvocationHandler {
    private final Map returnTypes =
        new ConcurrentHashMap();
    private boolean isClosed = false;
    private final Client.ConnectionId remoteId;
    private final Client client;
    private final long clientProtocolVersion;
    private final String protocolName;
    private AtomicBoolean fallbackToSimpleAuth;
    private AlignmentContext alignmentContext;

    protected Invoker(Class protocol, InetSocketAddress addr,
        UserGroupInformation ticket, Configuration conf, SocketFactory factory,
        int rpcTimeout, RetryPolicy connectionRetryPolicy,
        AtomicBoolean fallbackToSimpleAuth, AlignmentContext alignmentContext)
        throws IOException {
      this(protocol, Client.ConnectionId.getConnectionId(
          addr, protocol, ticket, rpcTimeout, connectionRetryPolicy, conf),
          conf, factory);
      this.fallbackToSimpleAuth = fallbackToSimpleAuth;
      this.alignmentContext = alignmentContext;
    }

    /**
     * This constructor takes a connectionId, instead of creating a new one.
     */
    protected Invoker(Class protocol, Client.ConnectionId connId,
        Configuration conf, SocketFactory factory) {
      this.remoteId = connId;
      this.client = CLIENTS.getClient(conf, factory, RpcWritable.Buffer.class);
      this.protocolName = RPC.getProtocolName(protocol);
      this.clientProtocolVersion = RPC
          .getProtocolVersion(protocol);
    }

    private RequestHeaderProto constructRpcRequestHeader(Method method) {
      RequestHeaderProto.Builder builder = RequestHeaderProto
          .newBuilder();
      builder.setMethodName(method.getName());


      // For protobuf, {@code protocol} used when creating client side proxy is
      // the interface extending BlockingInterface, which has the annotations
      // such as ProtocolName etc.
      //
      // Using Method.getDeclaringClass(), as in WritableEngine to get at
      // the protocol interface will return BlockingInterface, from where
      // the annotation ProtocolName and Version cannot be
      // obtained.
      //
      // Hence we simply use the protocol class used to create the proxy.
      // For PB this may limit the use of mixins on client side.
      builder.setDeclaringClassProtocolName(protocolName);
      builder.setClientProtocolVersion(clientProtocolVersion);
      return builder.build();
    }

    /**
     * This is the client side invoker of RPC method. It only throws
     * ServiceException, since the invocation proxy expects only
     * ServiceException to be thrown by the method in case protobuf service.
     *
     * ServiceException has the following causes:
     * 
    *
  1. Exceptions encountered on the client side in this method are * set as cause in ServiceException as is.
  2. *
  3. Exceptions from the server are wrapped in RemoteException and are * set as cause in ServiceException
  4. *
* * Note that the client calling protobuf RPC methods, must handle * ServiceException by getting the cause from the ServiceException. If the * cause is RemoteException, then unwrap it to get the exception thrown by * the server. */ @Override public Message invoke(Object proxy, final Method method, Object[] args) throws ServiceException { long startTime = 0; if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { startTime = Time.now(); } if (args.length != 2) { // RpcController + Message throw new ServiceException( "Too many or few parameters for request. Method: [" + method.getName() + "]" + ", Expected: 2, Actual: " + args.length); } if (args[1] == null) { throw new ServiceException("null param while calling Method: [" + method.getName() + "]"); } // if Tracing is on then start a new span for this rpc. // guard it in the if statement to make sure there isn't // any extra string manipulation. Tracer tracer = Tracer.curThreadTracer(); TraceScope traceScope = null; if (tracer != null) { traceScope = tracer.newScope(RpcClientUtil.methodToTraceString(method)); } if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) { LOG.trace(Thread.currentThread().getId() + ": Call -> " + remoteId + ": " + method.getName() + " {" + TextFormat.shortDebugString((Message) args[1]) + "}"); } final Message theRequest = (Message) args[1]; final RpcWritable.Buffer val; try { val = (RpcWritable.Buffer) client.call(RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER, constructRpcRequest(method, theRequest), remoteId, fallbackToSimpleAuth, alignmentContext); } catch (Throwable e) { if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) { LOG.trace(Thread.currentThread().getId() + ": Exception <- " + remoteId + ": " + method.getName() + " {" + e + "}"); } if (traceScope != null) { traceScope.addTimelineAnnotation("Call got exception: " + e.toString()); } throw new ServiceException(e); } finally { if (traceScope != null) { traceScope.close(); } } if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) { long callTime = Time.now() - startTime; LOG.debug("Call: " + method.getName() + " took " + callTime + "ms"); } if (Client.isAsynchronousMode()) { final AsyncGet arr = Client.getAsyncRpcResponse(); final AsyncGet asyncGet = new AsyncGet() { @Override public Message get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception { return getReturnMessage(method, arr.get(timeout, unit)); } @Override public boolean isDone() { return arr.isDone(); } }; ASYNC_RETURN_MESSAGE.set(asyncGet); return null; } else { return getReturnMessage(method, val); } } protected Writable constructRpcRequest(Method method, Message theRequest) { RequestHeaderProto rpcRequestHeader = constructRpcRequestHeader(method); return new RpcProtobufRequest(rpcRequestHeader, theRequest); } private Message getReturnMessage(final Method method, final RpcWritable.Buffer buf) throws ServiceException { Message prototype = null; try { prototype = getReturnProtoType(method); } catch (Exception e) { throw new ServiceException(e); } Message returnMessage; try { returnMessage = buf.getValue(prototype.getDefaultInstanceForType()); if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) { LOG.trace(Thread.currentThread().getId() + ": Response <- " + remoteId + ": " + method.getName() + " {" + TextFormat.shortDebugString(returnMessage) + "}"); } } catch (Throwable e) { throw new ServiceException(e); } return returnMessage; } @Override public void close() throws IOException { if (!isClosed) { isClosed = true; CLIENTS.stopClient(client); } } private Message getReturnProtoType(Method method) throws Exception { if (returnTypes.containsKey(method.getName())) { return returnTypes.get(method.getName()); } Class returnType = method.getReturnType(); Method newInstMethod = returnType.getMethod("getDefaultInstance"); newInstMethod.setAccessible(true); Message prototype = (Message) newInstMethod.invoke(null, (Object[]) null); returnTypes.put(method.getName(), prototype); return prototype; } @Override //RpcInvocationHandler public ConnectionId getConnectionId() { return remoteId; } protected long getClientProtocolVersion() { return clientProtocolVersion; } protected String getProtocolName() { return protocolName; } } @VisibleForTesting @InterfaceAudience.Private @InterfaceStability.Unstable static Client getClient(Configuration conf) { return CLIENTS.getClient(conf, SocketFactory.getDefault(), RpcWritable.Buffer.class); } @Override public RPC.Server getServer(Class protocol, Object protocolImpl, String bindAddress, int port, int numHandlers, int numReaders, int queueSizePerHandler, boolean verbose, Configuration conf, SecretManager secretManager, String portRangeConfig, AlignmentContext alignmentContext) throws IOException { return new Server(protocol, protocolImpl, conf, bindAddress, port, numHandlers, numReaders, queueSizePerHandler, verbose, secretManager, portRangeConfig, alignmentContext); } @VisibleForTesting public static void clearClientCache() { CLIENTS.clearCache(); } public static class Server extends RPC.Server { static final ThreadLocal CURRENT_CALLBACK = new ThreadLocal<>(); static final ThreadLocal CURRENT_CALL_INFO = new ThreadLocal<>(); static class CallInfo { private final RPC.Server server; private final String methodName; CallInfo(RPC.Server server, String methodName) { this.server = server; this.methodName = methodName; } public RPC.Server getServer() { return server; } public String getMethodName() { return methodName; } } static class ProtobufRpcEngineCallbackImpl implements ProtobufRpcEngineCallback2 { private final RPC.Server server; private final Call call; private final String methodName; private final long setupTime; ProtobufRpcEngineCallbackImpl() { this.server = CURRENT_CALL_INFO.get().getServer(); this.call = Server.getCurCall().get(); this.methodName = CURRENT_CALL_INFO.get().getMethodName(); this.setupTime = Time.now(); } @Override public void setResponse(Message message) { long processingTime = Time.now() - setupTime; call.setDeferredResponse(RpcWritable.wrap(message)); server.updateDeferredMetrics(methodName, processingTime); } @Override public void error(Throwable t) { long processingTime = Time.now() - setupTime; String detailedMetricsName = t.getClass().getSimpleName(); server.updateDeferredMetrics(detailedMetricsName, processingTime); call.setDeferredError(t); } } @InterfaceStability.Unstable public static ProtobufRpcEngineCallback2 registerForDeferredResponse2() { ProtobufRpcEngineCallback2 callback = new ProtobufRpcEngineCallbackImpl(); CURRENT_CALLBACK.set(callback); return callback; } /** * Construct an RPC server. * * @param protocolClass the class of protocol * @param protocolImpl the protocolImpl whose methods will be called * @param conf the configuration to use * @param bindAddress the address to bind on to listen for connection * @param port the port to listen for connections on * @param numHandlers the number of method handler threads to run * @param verbose whether each call should be logged * @param portRangeConfig A config parameter that can be used to restrict * the range of ports used when port is 0 (an ephemeral port) * @param alignmentContext provides server state info on client responses */ public Server(Class protocolClass, Object protocolImpl, Configuration conf, String bindAddress, int port, int numHandlers, int numReaders, int queueSizePerHandler, boolean verbose, SecretManager secretManager, String portRangeConfig, AlignmentContext alignmentContext) throws IOException { super(bindAddress, port, null, numHandlers, numReaders, queueSizePerHandler, conf, serverNameFromClass(protocolImpl.getClass()), secretManager, portRangeConfig); setAlignmentContext(alignmentContext); this.verbose = verbose; registerProtocolAndImpl(RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER, protocolClass, protocolImpl); } //Use the latest protobuf rpc invoker itself as that is backward compatible. private static final RpcInvoker RPC_INVOKER = new ProtoBufRpcInvoker(); @Override protected RpcInvoker getServerRpcInvoker(RPC.RpcKind rpcKind) { if (rpcKind == RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER) { return RPC_INVOKER; } return super.getServerRpcInvoker(rpcKind); } /** * Protobuf invoker for {@link RpcInvoker}. */ static class ProtoBufRpcInvoker implements RpcInvoker { private static ProtoClassProtoImpl getProtocolImpl(RPC.Server server, String protoName, long clientVersion) throws RpcServerException { ProtoNameVer pv = new ProtoNameVer(protoName, clientVersion); ProtoClassProtoImpl impl = server.getProtocolImplMap(RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER).get(pv); if (impl == null) { // no match for Protocol AND Version VerProtocolImpl highest = server.getHighestSupportedProtocol( RPC.RpcKind.RPC_PROTOCOL_BUFFER, protoName); if (highest == null) { throw new RpcNoSuchProtocolException( "Unknown protocol: " + protoName); } // protocol supported but not the version that client wants throw new RPC.VersionMismatch(protoName, clientVersion, highest.version); } return impl; } @Override /** * This is a server side method, which is invoked over RPC. On success * the return response has protobuf response payload. On failure, the * exception name and the stack trace are returned in the response. * See {@link HadoopRpcResponseProto} * * In this method there three types of exceptions possible and they are * returned in response as follows. *
    *
  1. Exceptions encountered in this method that are returned * as {@link RpcServerException}
  2. *
  3. Exceptions thrown by the service is wrapped in ServiceException. * In that this method returns in response the exception thrown by the * service.
  4. *
  5. Other exceptions thrown by the service. They are returned as * it is.
  6. *
*/ public Writable call(RPC.Server server, String connectionProtocolName, Writable writableRequest, long receiveTime) throws Exception { RpcProtobufRequest request = (RpcProtobufRequest) writableRequest; RequestHeaderProto rpcRequest = request.getRequestHeader(); String methodName = rpcRequest.getMethodName(); /** * RPCs for a particular interface (ie protocol) are done using a * IPC connection that is setup using rpcProxy. * The rpcProxy's has a declared protocol name that is * sent form client to server at connection time. * * Each Rpc call also sends a protocol name * (called declaringClassprotocolName). This name is usually the same * as the connection protocol name except in some cases. * For example metaProtocols such ProtocolInfoProto which get info * about the protocol reuse the connection but need to indicate that * the actual protocol is different (i.e. the protocol is * ProtocolInfoProto) since they reuse the connection; in this case * the declaringClassProtocolName field is set to the ProtocolInfoProto. */ String declaringClassProtoName = rpcRequest.getDeclaringClassProtocolName(); long clientVersion = rpcRequest.getClientProtocolVersion(); return call(server, connectionProtocolName, request, receiveTime, methodName, declaringClassProtoName, clientVersion); } @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") protected Writable call(RPC.Server server, String connectionProtocolName, RpcWritable.Buffer request, long receiveTime, String methodName, String declaringClassProtoName, long clientVersion) throws Exception { if (server.verbose) { LOG.info("Call: connectionProtocolName=" + connectionProtocolName + ", method=" + methodName); } ProtoClassProtoImpl protocolImpl = getProtocolImpl(server, declaringClassProtoName, clientVersion); if (protocolImpl.isShadedPBImpl()) { return call(server, connectionProtocolName, request, methodName, protocolImpl); } //Legacy protobuf implementation. Handle using legacy (Non-shaded) // protobuf classes. return ProtobufRpcEngine.Server .processCall(server, connectionProtocolName, request, methodName, protocolImpl); } private RpcWritable call(RPC.Server server, String connectionProtocolName, RpcWritable.Buffer request, String methodName, ProtoClassProtoImpl protocolImpl) throws Exception { BlockingService service = (BlockingService) protocolImpl.protocolImpl; MethodDescriptor methodDescriptor = service.getDescriptorForType() .findMethodByName(methodName); if (methodDescriptor == null) { String msg = "Unknown method " + methodName + " called on " + connectionProtocolName + " protocol."; LOG.warn(msg); throw new RpcNoSuchMethodException(msg); } Message prototype = service.getRequestPrototype(methodDescriptor); Message param = request.getValue(prototype); Message result; Call currentCall = Server.getCurCall().get(); try { server.rpcDetailedMetrics.init(protocolImpl.protocolClass); CURRENT_CALL_INFO.set(new CallInfo(server, methodName)); currentCall.setDetailedMetricsName(methodName); result = service.callBlockingMethod(methodDescriptor, null, param); // Check if this needs to be a deferred response, // by checking the ThreadLocal callback being set if (CURRENT_CALLBACK.get() != null) { currentCall.deferResponse(); CURRENT_CALLBACK.set(null); return null; } } catch (ServiceException e) { Exception exception = (Exception) e.getCause(); currentCall.setDetailedMetricsName( exception.getClass().getSimpleName()); throw (Exception) e.getCause(); } catch (Exception e) { currentCall.setDetailedMetricsName(e.getClass().getSimpleName()); throw e; } finally { CURRENT_CALL_INFO.set(null); } return RpcWritable.wrap(result); } } } // htrace in the ipc layer creates the span name based on toString() // which uses the rpc header. in the normal case we want to defer decoding // the rpc header until needed by the rpc engine. static class RpcProtobufRequest extends RpcWritable.Buffer { private volatile RequestHeaderProto requestHeader; private Message payload; RpcProtobufRequest() { } RpcProtobufRequest(RequestHeaderProto header, Message payload) { this.requestHeader = header; this.payload = payload; } RequestHeaderProto getRequestHeader() throws IOException { if (getByteBuffer() != null && requestHeader == null) { requestHeader = getValue(RequestHeaderProto.getDefaultInstance()); } return requestHeader; } @Override public void writeTo(ResponseBuffer out) throws IOException { requestHeader.writeDelimitedTo(out); if (payload != null) { payload.writeDelimitedTo(out); } } // this is used by htrace to name the span. @Override public String toString() { try { RequestHeaderProto header = getRequestHeader(); return header.getDeclaringClassProtocolName() + "." + header.getMethodName(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(e); } } } }




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