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/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.BlockType.CONTIGUOUS;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.URI;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.HadoopIllegalArgumentException;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.StorageType;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.HdfsConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer.Dispatcher.DDatanode;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer.Dispatcher.DDatanode.StorageGroup;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer.Dispatcher.Source;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer.Dispatcher.Task;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.balancer.Dispatcher.Util;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.BlockPlacementPolicyDefault;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.BlockPlacementPolicies;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.UnsupportedActionException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.protocol.DatanodeStorageReport;
import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.protocol.StorageReport;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.SecurityUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.HostsFileReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Time;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
/**
The balancer is a tool that balances disk space usage on an HDFS cluster
* when some datanodes become full or when new empty nodes join the cluster.
* The tool is deployed as an application program that can be run by the
* cluster administrator on a live HDFS cluster while applications
* adding and deleting files.
*
*
SYNOPSIS
*
* To start:
* bin/start-balancer.sh [-threshold {@literal }]
* Example: bin/ start-balancer.sh
* start the balancer with a default threshold of 10%
* bin/ start-balancer.sh -threshold 5
* start the balancer with a threshold of 5%
* bin/ start-balancer.sh -idleiterations 20
* start the balancer with maximum 20 consecutive idle iterations
* bin/ start-balancer.sh -idleiterations -1
* run the balancer with default threshold infinitely
* To stop:
* bin/ stop-balancer.sh
*
*
*
DESCRIPTION
*
The threshold parameter is a fraction in the range of (1%, 100%) with a
* default value of 10%. The threshold sets a target for whether the cluster
* is balanced. A cluster is balanced if for each datanode, the utilization
* of the node (ratio of used space at the node to total capacity of the node)
* differs from the utilization of the (ratio of used space in the cluster
* to total capacity of the cluster) by no more than the threshold value.
* The smaller the threshold, the more balanced a cluster will become.
* It takes more time to run the balancer for small threshold values.
* Also for a very small threshold the cluster may not be able to reach the
* balanced state when applications write and delete files concurrently.
*
*
The tool moves blocks from highly utilized datanodes to poorly
* utilized datanodes iteratively. In each iteration a datanode moves or
* receives no more than the lesser of 10G bytes or the threshold fraction
* of its capacity. Each iteration runs no more than 20 minutes.
* At the end of each iteration, the balancer obtains updated datanodes
* information from the namenode.
*
*
A system property that limits the balancer's use of bandwidth is
* defined in the default configuration file:
*
* <property>
* <name>dfs.datanode.balance.bandwidthPerSec</name>
* <value>1048576</value>
* <description> Specifies the maximum bandwidth that each datanode
* can utilize for the balancing purpose in term of the number of bytes
* per second.
* </description>
* </property>
*
*
*
This property determines the maximum speed at which a block will be
* moved from one datanode to another. The default value is 1MB/s. The higher
* the bandwidth, the faster a cluster can reach the balanced state,
* but with greater competition with application processes. If an
* administrator changes the value of this property in the configuration
* file, the change is observed when HDFS is next restarted.
*
*
MONITERING BALANCER PROGRESS
*
After the balancer is started, an output file name where the balancer
* progress will be recorded is printed on the screen. The administrator
* can monitor the running of the balancer by reading the output file.
* The output shows the balancer's status iteration by iteration. In each
* iteration it prints the starting time, the iteration number, the total
* number of bytes that have been moved in the previous iterations,
* the total number of bytes that are left to move in order for the cluster
* to be balanced, and the number of bytes that are being moved in this
* iteration. Normally "Bytes Already Moved" is increasing while "Bytes Left
* To Move" is decreasing.
*
*
Running multiple instances of the balancer in an HDFS cluster is
* prohibited by the tool.
*
*
The balancer automatically exits when any of the following five
* conditions is satisfied:
*
*
The cluster is balanced;
*
No block can be moved;
*
No block has been moved for specified consecutive iterations (5 by default);
*
An IOException occurs while communicating with the namenode;
*
Another balancer is running.
*
*
*
Upon exit, a balancer returns an exit code and prints one of the
* following messages to the output file in corresponding to the above exit
* reasons:
*
*
The cluster is balanced. Exiting
*
No block can be moved. Exiting...
*
No block has been moved for specified iterations (5 by default). Exiting...
*
Received an IO exception: failure reason. Exiting...
*
Another balancer is running. Exiting...
*
*
*
The administrator can interrupt the execution of the balancer at any
* time by running the command "stop-balancer.sh" on the machine where the
* balancer is running.
*/
@InterfaceAudience.Private
public class Balancer {
static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Balancer.class);
static final Path BALANCER_ID_PATH = new Path("/system/balancer.id");
private static final String USAGE = "Usage: hdfs balancer"
+ "\n\t[-policy ]\tthe balancing policy: "
+ BalancingPolicy.Node.INSTANCE.getName() + " or "
+ BalancingPolicy.Pool.INSTANCE.getName()
+ "\n\t[-threshold ]\tPercentage of disk capacity"
+ "\n\t[-exclude [-f | ]]"
+ "\tExcludes the specified datanodes."
+ "\n\t[-include [-f | ]]"
+ "\tIncludes only the specified datanodes."
+ "\n\t[-source [-f | ]]"
+ "\tPick only the specified datanodes as source nodes."
+ "\n\t[-blockpools ]"
+ "\tThe balancer will only run on blockpools included in this list."
+ "\n\t[-idleiterations ]"
+ "\tNumber of consecutive idle iterations (-1 for Infinite) before "
+ "exit."
+ "\n\t[-runDuringUpgrade]"
+ "\tWhether to run the balancer during an ongoing HDFS upgrade."
+ "This is usually not desired since it will not affect used space "
+ "on over-utilized machines."
+ "\n\t[-asService]\tRun as a long running service.";
@VisibleForTesting
private static volatile boolean serviceRunning = false;
private static volatile int exceptionsSinceLastBalance = 0;
private static volatile int failedTimesSinceLastSuccessfulBalance = 0;
private final Dispatcher dispatcher;
private final NameNodeConnector nnc;
private final BalancingPolicy policy;
private final Set sourceNodes;
private final boolean runDuringUpgrade;
private final double threshold;
private final long maxSizeToMove;
private final long defaultBlockSize;
// all data node lists
private final Collection overUtilized = new LinkedList();
private final Collection aboveAvgUtilized = new LinkedList();
private final Collection belowAvgUtilized
= new LinkedList();
private final Collection underUtilized
= new LinkedList();
/* Check that this Balancer is compatible with the Block Placement Policy
* used by the Namenode.
*/
private static void checkReplicationPolicyCompatibility(Configuration conf
) throws UnsupportedActionException {
BlockPlacementPolicies placementPolicies =
new BlockPlacementPolicies(conf, null, null, null);
if (!(placementPolicies.getPolicy(CONTIGUOUS) instanceof
BlockPlacementPolicyDefault)) {
throw new UnsupportedActionException(
"Balancer without BlockPlacementPolicyDefault");
}
}
static long getLong(Configuration conf, String key, long defaultValue) {
final long v = conf.getLong(key, defaultValue);
LOG.info(key + " = " + v + " (default=" + defaultValue + ")");
if (v <= 0) {
throw new HadoopIllegalArgumentException(key + " = " + v + " <= " + 0);
}
return v;
}
static long getLongBytes(Configuration conf, String key, long defaultValue) {
final long v = conf.getLongBytes(key, defaultValue);
LOG.info(key + " = " + v + " (default=" + defaultValue + ")");
if (v <= 0) {
throw new HadoopIllegalArgumentException(key + " = " + v + " <= " + 0);
}
return v;
}
static int getInt(Configuration conf, String key, int defaultValue) {
final int v = conf.getInt(key, defaultValue);
LOG.info(key + " = " + v + " (default=" + defaultValue + ")");
if (v <= 0) {
throw new HadoopIllegalArgumentException(key + " = " + v + " <= " + 0);
}
return v;
}
static int getExceptionsSinceLastBalance() {
return exceptionsSinceLastBalance;
}
static int getFailedTimesSinceLastSuccessfulBalance() {
return failedTimesSinceLastSuccessfulBalance;
}
/**
* Construct a balancer.
* Initialize balancer. It sets the value of the threshold, and
* builds the communication proxies to
* namenode as a client and a secondary namenode and retry proxies
* when connection fails.
*/
Balancer(NameNodeConnector theblockpool, BalancerParameters p,
Configuration conf) {
final long movedWinWidth = getLong(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MOVEDWINWIDTH_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MOVEDWINWIDTH_DEFAULT);
final int moverThreads = getInt(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MOVERTHREADS_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MOVERTHREADS_DEFAULT);
final int dispatcherThreads = getInt(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_DISPATCHERTHREADS_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_DISPATCHERTHREADS_DEFAULT);
final int maxConcurrentMovesPerNode = getInt(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_DATANODE_BALANCE_MAX_NUM_CONCURRENT_MOVES_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_DATANODE_BALANCE_MAX_NUM_CONCURRENT_MOVES_DEFAULT);
final long getBlocksSize = getLongBytes(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_GETBLOCKS_SIZE_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_GETBLOCKS_SIZE_DEFAULT);
final long getBlocksMinBlockSize = getLongBytes(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_GETBLOCKS_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_GETBLOCKS_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE_DEFAULT);
final int blockMoveTimeout = conf.getInt(
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_BLOCK_MOVE_TIMEOUT,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_BLOCK_MOVE_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT);
final int maxNoMoveInterval = conf.getInt(
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_NO_MOVE_INTERVAL_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_NO_MOVE_INTERVAL_DEFAULT);
final long maxIterationTime = conf.getLong(
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_ITERATION_TIME_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_ITERATION_TIME_DEFAULT);
this.nnc = theblockpool;
this.dispatcher =
new Dispatcher(theblockpool, p.getIncludedNodes(),
p.getExcludedNodes(), movedWinWidth, moverThreads,
dispatcherThreads, maxConcurrentMovesPerNode, getBlocksSize,
getBlocksMinBlockSize, blockMoveTimeout, maxNoMoveInterval,
maxIterationTime, conf);
this.threshold = p.getThreshold();
this.policy = p.getBalancingPolicy();
this.sourceNodes = p.getSourceNodes();
this.runDuringUpgrade = p.getRunDuringUpgrade();
this.maxSizeToMove = getLongBytes(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_SIZE_TO_MOVE_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_MAX_SIZE_TO_MOVE_DEFAULT);
this.defaultBlockSize = getLongBytes(conf,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BLOCK_SIZE_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BLOCK_SIZE_DEFAULT);
}
private static long getCapacity(DatanodeStorageReport report, StorageType t) {
long capacity = 0L;
for(StorageReport r : report.getStorageReports()) {
if (r.getStorage().getStorageType() == t) {
capacity += r.getCapacity();
}
}
return capacity;
}
private long getRemaining(DatanodeStorageReport report, StorageType t) {
long remaining = 0L;
for(StorageReport r : report.getStorageReports()) {
if (r.getStorage().getStorageType() == t) {
if (r.getRemaining() >= defaultBlockSize) {
remaining += r.getRemaining();
}
}
}
return remaining;
}
/**
* Given a datanode storage set, build a network topology and decide
* over-utilized storages, above average utilized storages,
* below average utilized storages, and underutilized storages.
* The input datanode storage set is shuffled in order to randomize
* to the storage matching later on.
*
* @return the number of bytes needed to move in order to balance the cluster.
*/
private long init(List reports) {
// compute average utilization
for (DatanodeStorageReport r : reports) {
policy.accumulateSpaces(r);
}
policy.initAvgUtilization();
// create network topology and classify utilization collections:
// over-utilized, above-average, below-average and under-utilized.
long overLoadedBytes = 0L, underLoadedBytes = 0L;
for(DatanodeStorageReport r : reports) {
final DDatanode dn = dispatcher.newDatanode(r.getDatanodeInfo());
final boolean isSource = Util.isIncluded(sourceNodes, dn.getDatanodeInfo());
for(StorageType t : StorageType.getMovableTypes()) {
final Double utilization = policy.getUtilization(r, t);
if (utilization == null) { // datanode does not have such storage type
continue;
}
final double average = policy.getAvgUtilization(t);
if (utilization >= average && !isSource) {
LOG.info(dn + "[" + t + "] has utilization=" + utilization
+ " >= average=" + average
+ " but it is not specified as a source; skipping it.");
continue;
}
final double utilizationDiff = utilization - average;
final long capacity = getCapacity(r, t);
final double thresholdDiff = Math.abs(utilizationDiff) - threshold;
final long maxSize2Move = computeMaxSize2Move(capacity,
getRemaining(r, t), utilizationDiff, maxSizeToMove);
final StorageGroup g;
if (utilizationDiff > 0) {
final Source s = dn.addSource(t, maxSize2Move, dispatcher);
if (thresholdDiff <= 0) { // within threshold
aboveAvgUtilized.add(s);
} else {
overLoadedBytes += percentage2bytes(thresholdDiff, capacity);
overUtilized.add(s);
}
g = s;
} else {
g = dn.addTarget(t, maxSize2Move);
if (thresholdDiff <= 0) { // within threshold
belowAvgUtilized.add(g);
} else {
underLoadedBytes += percentage2bytes(thresholdDiff, capacity);
underUtilized.add(g);
}
}
dispatcher.getStorageGroupMap().put(g);
}
}
logUtilizationCollections();
Preconditions.checkState(dispatcher.getStorageGroupMap().size()
== overUtilized.size() + underUtilized.size() + aboveAvgUtilized.size()
+ belowAvgUtilized.size(),
"Mismatched number of storage groups");
// return number of bytes to be moved in order to make the cluster balanced
return Math.max(overLoadedBytes, underLoadedBytes);
}
private static long computeMaxSize2Move(final long capacity, final long remaining,
final double utilizationDiff, final long max) {
final double diff = Math.abs(utilizationDiff);
long maxSizeToMove = percentage2bytes(diff, capacity);
if (utilizationDiff < 0) {
maxSizeToMove = Math.min(remaining, maxSizeToMove);
}
return Math.min(max, maxSizeToMove);
}
private static long percentage2bytes(double percentage, long capacity) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(percentage >= 0, "percentage = %s < 0",
percentage);
return (long)(percentage * capacity / 100.0);
}
/* log the over utilized & under utilized nodes */
private void logUtilizationCollections() {
logUtilizationCollection("over-utilized", overUtilized);
if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
logUtilizationCollection("above-average", aboveAvgUtilized);
logUtilizationCollection("below-average", belowAvgUtilized);
}
logUtilizationCollection("underutilized", underUtilized);
}
private static
void logUtilizationCollection(String name, Collection items) {
LOG.info(items.size() + " " + name + ": " + items);
}
/**
* Decide all pairs and
* the number of bytes to move from a source to a target
* Maximum bytes to be moved per storage group is
* min(1 Band worth of bytes, MAX_SIZE_TO_MOVE).
* @return total number of bytes to move in this iteration
*/
private long chooseStorageGroups() {
// First, match nodes on the same node group if cluster is node group aware
if (dispatcher.getCluster().isNodeGroupAware()) {
chooseStorageGroups(Matcher.SAME_NODE_GROUP);
}
// Then, match nodes on the same rack
chooseStorageGroups(Matcher.SAME_RACK);
// At last, match all remaining nodes
chooseStorageGroups(Matcher.ANY_OTHER);
return dispatcher.bytesToMove();
}
/** Decide all pairs according to the matcher. */
private void chooseStorageGroups(final Matcher matcher) {
/* first step: match each overUtilized datanode (source) to
* one or more underUtilized datanodes (targets).
*/
LOG.info("chooseStorageGroups for " + matcher + ": overUtilized => underUtilized");
chooseStorageGroups(overUtilized, underUtilized, matcher);
/* match each remaining overutilized datanode (source) to
* below average utilized datanodes (targets).
* Note only overutilized datanodes that haven't had that max bytes to move
* satisfied in step 1 are selected
*/
LOG.info("chooseStorageGroups for " + matcher + ": overUtilized => belowAvgUtilized");
chooseStorageGroups(overUtilized, belowAvgUtilized, matcher);
/* match each remaining underutilized datanode (target) to
* above average utilized datanodes (source).
* Note only underutilized datanodes that have not had that max bytes to
* move satisfied in step 1 are selected.
*/
LOG.info("chooseStorageGroups for " + matcher + ": underUtilized => aboveAvgUtilized");
chooseStorageGroups(underUtilized, aboveAvgUtilized, matcher);
}
/**
* For each datanode, choose matching nodes from the candidates. Either the
* datanodes or the candidates are source nodes with (utilization > Avg), and
* the others are target nodes with (utilization < Avg).
*/
private
void chooseStorageGroups(Collection groups, Collection candidates,
Matcher matcher) {
for(final Iterator i = groups.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
final G g = i.next();
for(; choose4One(g, candidates, matcher); );
if (!g.hasSpaceForScheduling()) {
i.remove();
}
}
}
/**
* For the given datanode, choose a candidate and then schedule it.
* @return true if a candidate is chosen; false if no candidates is chosen.
*/
private boolean choose4One(StorageGroup g,
Collection candidates, Matcher matcher) {
final Iterator i = candidates.iterator();
final C chosen = chooseCandidate(g, i, matcher);
if (chosen == null) {
return false;
}
if (g instanceof Source) {
matchSourceWithTargetToMove((Source)g, chosen);
} else {
matchSourceWithTargetToMove((Source)chosen, g);
}
if (!chosen.hasSpaceForScheduling()) {
i.remove();
}
return true;
}
private void matchSourceWithTargetToMove(Source source, StorageGroup target) {
long size = Math.min(source.availableSizeToMove(), target.availableSizeToMove());
final Task task = new Task(target, size);
source.addTask(task);
target.incScheduledSize(task.getSize());
dispatcher.add(source, target);
LOG.info("Decided to move "+StringUtils.byteDesc(size)+" bytes from "
+ source.getDisplayName() + " to " + target.getDisplayName());
}
/** Choose a candidate for the given datanode. */
private
C chooseCandidate(G g, Iterator candidates, Matcher matcher) {
if (g.hasSpaceForScheduling()) {
for(; candidates.hasNext(); ) {
final C c = candidates.next();
if (!c.hasSpaceForScheduling()) {
candidates.remove();
} else if (matchStorageGroups(c, g, matcher)) {
return c;
}
}
}
return null;
}
private boolean matchStorageGroups(StorageGroup left, StorageGroup right,
Matcher matcher) {
return left.getStorageType() == right.getStorageType()
&& matcher.match(dispatcher.getCluster(),
left.getDatanodeInfo(), right.getDatanodeInfo());
}
/* reset all fields in a balancer preparing for the next iteration */
void resetData(Configuration conf) {
this.overUtilized.clear();
this.aboveAvgUtilized.clear();
this.belowAvgUtilized.clear();
this.underUtilized.clear();
this.policy.reset();
dispatcher.reset(conf);;
}
static class Result {
final ExitStatus exitStatus;
final long bytesLeftToMove;
final long bytesBeingMoved;
final long bytesAlreadyMoved;
Result(ExitStatus exitStatus, long bytesLeftToMove, long bytesBeingMoved,
long bytesAlreadyMoved) {
this.exitStatus = exitStatus;
this.bytesLeftToMove = bytesLeftToMove;
this.bytesBeingMoved = bytesBeingMoved;
this.bytesAlreadyMoved = bytesAlreadyMoved;
}
void print(int iteration, PrintStream out) {
out.printf("%-24s %10d %19s %18s %17s%n",
DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance().format(new Date()), iteration,
StringUtils.byteDesc(bytesAlreadyMoved),
StringUtils.byteDesc(bytesLeftToMove),
StringUtils.byteDesc(bytesBeingMoved));
}
}
Result newResult(ExitStatus exitStatus, long bytesLeftToMove, long bytesBeingMoved) {
return new Result(exitStatus, bytesLeftToMove, bytesBeingMoved,
dispatcher.getBytesMoved());
}
Result newResult(ExitStatus exitStatus) {
return new Result(exitStatus, -1, -1, dispatcher.getBytesMoved());
}
/** Run an iteration for all datanodes. */
Result runOneIteration() {
try {
final List reports = dispatcher.init();
final long bytesLeftToMove = init(reports);
if (bytesLeftToMove == 0) {
return newResult(ExitStatus.SUCCESS, bytesLeftToMove, 0);
} else {
LOG.info( "Need to move "+ StringUtils.byteDesc(bytesLeftToMove)
+ " to make the cluster balanced." );
}
// Should not run the balancer during an unfinalized upgrade, since moved
// blocks are not deleted on the source datanode.
if (!runDuringUpgrade && nnc.isUpgrading()) {
System.err.println("Balancer exiting as upgrade is not finalized, "
+ "please finalize the HDFS upgrade before running the balancer.");
LOG.error("Balancer exiting as upgrade is not finalized, "
+ "please finalize the HDFS upgrade before running the balancer.");
return newResult(ExitStatus.UNFINALIZED_UPGRADE, bytesLeftToMove, -1);
}
/* Decide all the nodes that will participate in the block move and
* the number of bytes that need to be moved from one node to another
* in this iteration. Maximum bytes to be moved per node is
* Min(1 Band worth of bytes, MAX_SIZE_TO_MOVE).
*/
final long bytesBeingMoved = chooseStorageGroups();
if (bytesBeingMoved == 0) {
System.out.println("No block can be moved. Exiting...");
return newResult(ExitStatus.NO_MOVE_BLOCK, bytesLeftToMove, bytesBeingMoved);
} else {
LOG.info( "Will move " + StringUtils.byteDesc(bytesBeingMoved) +
" in this iteration");
}
/* For each pair of , start a thread that repeatedly
* decide a block to be moved and its proxy source,
* then initiates the move until all bytes are moved or no more block
* available to move.
* Exit no byte has been moved for 5 consecutive iterations.
*/
if (!dispatcher.dispatchAndCheckContinue()) {
return newResult(ExitStatus.NO_MOVE_PROGRESS, bytesLeftToMove, bytesBeingMoved);
}
return newResult(ExitStatus.IN_PROGRESS, bytesLeftToMove, bytesBeingMoved);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println(e + ". Exiting ...");
return newResult(ExitStatus.ILLEGAL_ARGUMENTS);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e + ". Exiting ...");
return newResult(ExitStatus.IO_EXCEPTION);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(e + ". Exiting ...");
return newResult(ExitStatus.INTERRUPTED);
} finally {
dispatcher.shutdownNow();
}
}
/**
* Balance all namenodes.
* For each iteration,
* for each namenode,
* execute a {@link Balancer} to work through all datanodes once.
*/
static private int doBalance(Collection namenodes,
final BalancerParameters p, Configuration conf)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
final long sleeptime =
conf.getTimeDuration(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT,
TimeUnit.SECONDS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) * 2 +
conf.getTimeDuration(
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_REDUNDANCY_INTERVAL_SECONDS_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_REDUNDANCY_INTERVAL_SECONDS_DEFAULT,
TimeUnit.SECONDS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
LOG.info("namenodes = " + namenodes);
LOG.info("parameters = " + p);
LOG.info("included nodes = " + p.getIncludedNodes());
LOG.info("excluded nodes = " + p.getExcludedNodes());
LOG.info("source nodes = " + p.getSourceNodes());
checkKeytabAndInit(conf);
System.out.println("Time Stamp Iteration# Bytes Already Moved Bytes Left To Move Bytes Being Moved");
List connectors = Collections.emptyList();
try {
connectors = NameNodeConnector.newNameNodeConnectors(namenodes,
Balancer.class.getSimpleName(), BALANCER_ID_PATH, conf,
p.getMaxIdleIteration());
boolean done = false;
for(int iteration = 0; !done; iteration++) {
done = true;
Collections.shuffle(connectors);
for(NameNodeConnector nnc : connectors) {
if (p.getBlockPools().size() == 0
|| p.getBlockPools().contains(nnc.getBlockpoolID())) {
final Balancer b = new Balancer(nnc, p, conf);
final Result r = b.runOneIteration();
r.print(iteration, System.out);
// clean all lists
b.resetData(conf);
if (r.exitStatus == ExitStatus.IN_PROGRESS) {
done = false;
} else if (r.exitStatus != ExitStatus.SUCCESS) {
// must be an error statue, return.
return r.exitStatus.getExitCode();
}
} else {
LOG.info("Skipping blockpool " + nnc.getBlockpoolID());
}
if (done) {
System.out.println("The cluster is balanced. Exiting...");
}
}
if (!done) {
Thread.sleep(sleeptime);
}
}
} finally {
for(NameNodeConnector nnc : connectors) {
IOUtils.cleanupWithLogger(LOG, nnc);
}
}
return ExitStatus.SUCCESS.getExitCode();
}
static int run(Collection namenodes, final BalancerParameters p,
Configuration conf) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
if (!p.getRunAsService()) {
return doBalance(namenodes, p, conf);
}
if (!serviceRunning) {
serviceRunning = true;
} else {
LOG.warn("Balancer already running as a long-service!");
return ExitStatus.ALREADY_RUNNING.getExitCode();
}
long scheduleInterval = conf.getTimeDuration(
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_SERVICE_INTERVAL_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_SERVICE_INTERVAL_DEFAULT,
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
int retryOnException =
conf.getInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_SERVICE_RETRIES_ON_EXCEPTION,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_SERVICE_RETRIES_ON_EXCEPTION_DEFAULT);
while (serviceRunning) {
try {
int retCode = doBalance(namenodes, p, conf);
if (retCode < 0) {
LOG.info("Balance failed, error code: " + retCode);
failedTimesSinceLastSuccessfulBalance++;
} else {
LOG.info("Balance succeed!");
failedTimesSinceLastSuccessfulBalance = 0;
}
exceptionsSinceLastBalance = 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
if (++exceptionsSinceLastBalance > retryOnException) {
// The caller will process and log the exception
throw e;
}
LOG.warn(
"Encounter exception while do balance work. Already tried {} times",
exceptionsSinceLastBalance, e);
}
// sleep for next round, will retry for next round when it's interrupted
LOG.info("Finished one round, will wait for {} for next round",
time2Str(scheduleInterval));
Thread.sleep(scheduleInterval);
}
// normal stop
return 0;
}
static void stop() {
serviceRunning = false;
}
private static void checkKeytabAndInit(Configuration conf)
throws IOException {
if (conf.getBoolean(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_KEYTAB_ENABLED_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_KEYTAB_ENABLED_DEFAULT)) {
LOG.info("Keytab is configured, will login using keytab.");
UserGroupInformation.setConfiguration(conf);
String addr = conf.get(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_ADDRESS_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_ADDRESS_DEFAULT);
InetSocketAddress socAddr = NetUtils.createSocketAddr(addr, 0,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_ADDRESS_KEY);
SecurityUtil.login(conf, DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_KEYTAB_FILE_KEY,
DFSConfigKeys.DFS_BALANCER_KERBEROS_PRINCIPAL_KEY,
socAddr.getHostName());
}
}
/* Given elaspedTime in ms, return a printable string */
private static String time2Str(long elapsedTime) {
String unit;
double time = elapsedTime;
if (elapsedTime < 1000) {
unit = "milliseconds";
} else if (elapsedTime < 60*1000) {
unit = "seconds";
time = time/1000;
} else if (elapsedTime < 3600*1000) {
unit = "minutes";
time = time/(60*1000);
} else {
unit = "hours";
time = time/(3600*1000);
}
return time+" "+unit;
}
static class Cli extends Configured implements Tool {
/**
* Parse arguments and then run Balancer.
*
* @param args command specific arguments.
* @return exit code. 0 indicates success, non-zero indicates failure.
*/
@Override
public int run(String[] args) {
final long startTime = Time.monotonicNow();
final Configuration conf = getConf();
try {
checkReplicationPolicyCompatibility(conf);
final Collection namenodes = DFSUtil.getInternalNsRpcUris(conf);
return Balancer.run(namenodes, parse(args), conf);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e + ". Exiting ...");
return ExitStatus.IO_EXCEPTION.getExitCode();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(e + ". Exiting ...");
return ExitStatus.INTERRUPTED.getExitCode();
} finally {
System.out.format("%-24s ",
DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance().format(new Date()));
System.out.println("Balancing took "
+ time2Str(Time.monotonicNow() - startTime));
}
}
/** parse command line arguments */
static BalancerParameters parse(String[] args) {
Set excludedNodes = null;
Set includedNodes = null;
BalancerParameters.Builder b = new BalancerParameters.Builder();
if (args != null) {
try {
for(int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if ("-threshold".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
checkArgument(++i < args.length,
"Threshold value is missing: args = " + Arrays.toString(args));
try {
double threshold = Double.parseDouble(args[i]);
if (threshold < 1 || threshold > 100) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Number out of range: threshold = " + threshold);
}
LOG.info( "Using a threshold of " + threshold );
b.setThreshold(threshold);
} catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.err.println(
"Expecting a number in the range of [1.0, 100.0]: "
+ args[i]);
throw e;
}
} else if ("-policy".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
checkArgument(++i < args.length,
"Policy value is missing: args = " + Arrays.toString(args));
try {
b.setBalancingPolicy(BalancingPolicy.parse(args[i]));
} catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.err.println("Illegal policy name: " + args[i]);
throw e;
}
} else if ("-exclude".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
excludedNodes = new HashSet<>();
i = processHostList(args, i, "exclude", excludedNodes);
b.setExcludedNodes(excludedNodes);
} else if ("-include".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
includedNodes = new HashSet<>();
i = processHostList(args, i, "include", includedNodes);
b.setIncludedNodes(includedNodes);
} else if ("-source".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
Set sourceNodes = new HashSet<>();
i = processHostList(args, i, "source", sourceNodes);
b.setSourceNodes(sourceNodes);
} else if ("-blockpools".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
checkArgument(
++i < args.length,
"blockpools value is missing: args = "
+ Arrays.toString(args));
Set blockpools = parseBlockPoolList(args[i]);
LOG.info("Balancer will run on the following blockpools: "
+ blockpools.toString());
b.setBlockpools(blockpools);
} else if ("-idleiterations".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
checkArgument(++i < args.length,
"idleiterations value is missing: args = " + Arrays
.toString(args));
int maxIdleIteration = Integer.parseInt(args[i]);
LOG.info("Using a idleiterations of " + maxIdleIteration);
b.setMaxIdleIteration(maxIdleIteration);
} else if ("-runDuringUpgrade".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
b.setRunDuringUpgrade(true);
LOG.info("Will run the balancer even during an ongoing HDFS "
+ "upgrade. Most users will not want to run the balancer "
+ "during an upgrade since it will not affect used space "
+ "on over-utilized machines.");
} else if ("-asService".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
b.setRunAsService(true);
LOG.info("Balancer will run as a long running service");
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("args = "
+ Arrays.toString(args));
}
}
checkArgument(excludedNodes == null || includedNodes == null,
"-exclude and -include options cannot be specified together.");
} catch(RuntimeException e) {
printUsage(System.err);
throw e;
}
}
return b.build();
}
private static int processHostList(String[] args, int i, String type,
Set nodes) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(++i < args.length,
"List of %s nodes | -f is missing: args=%s",
type, Arrays.toString(args));
if ("-f".equalsIgnoreCase(args[i])) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(++i < args.length,
"File containing %s nodes is not specified: args=%s",
type, Arrays.toString(args));
final String filename = args[i];
try {
HostsFileReader.readFileToSet(type, filename, nodes);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Failed to read " + type + " node list from file: " + filename);
}
} else {
final String[] addresses = StringUtils.getTrimmedStrings(args[i]);
nodes.addAll(Arrays.asList(addresses));
}
return i;
}
private static Set parseBlockPoolList(String string) {
String[] addrs = StringUtils.getTrimmedStrings(string);
return new HashSet(Arrays.asList(addrs));
}
private static void printUsage(PrintStream out) {
out.println(USAGE + "\n");
}
}
/**
* Run a balancer
* @param args Command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
if (DFSUtil.parseHelpArgument(args, USAGE, System.out, true)) {
System.exit(0);
}
try {
System.exit(ToolRunner.run(new HdfsConfiguration(), new Cli(), args));
} catch (Throwable e) {
LOG.error("Exiting balancer due an exception", e);
System.exit(-1);
}
}
}
