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/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.LongAdder;
import org.apache.yetus.audience.InterfaceAudience;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HeapMemoryManager.HeapMemoryTuneObserver;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hbase.thirdparty.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.apache.hbase.thirdparty.com.google.common.util.concurrent.ThreadFactoryBuilder;
/**
* Does the management of memstoreLAB chunk creations. A monotonically incrementing id is associated
* with every chunk
*/
@InterfaceAudience.Private
public class ChunkCreator {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ChunkCreator.class);
// monotonically increasing chunkid. Starts at 1.
private AtomicInteger chunkID = new AtomicInteger(1);
// maps the chunk against the monotonically increasing chunk id. We need to preserve the
// natural ordering of the key
// CellChunkMap creation should convert the weak ref to hard reference
// chunk id of each chunk is the first integer written on each chunk,
// the header size need to be changed in case chunk id size is changed
public static final int SIZEOF_CHUNK_HEADER = Bytes.SIZEOF_INT;
/**
* Types of chunks, based on their sizes
*/
public enum ChunkType {
// An index chunk is a small chunk, allocated from the index chunks pool.
// Its size is fixed and is 10% of the size of a data chunk.
INDEX_CHUNK,
// A data chunk is a regular chunk, allocated from the data chunks pool.
// Its size is fixed and given as input to the ChunkCreator c'tor.
DATA_CHUNK,
// A jumbo chunk isn't allocated from pool. Its size is bigger than the size of a
// data chunk, and is determined per chunk (meaning, there is no fixed jumbo size).
JUMBO_CHUNK
}
// mapping from chunk IDs to chunks
private Map chunkIdMap = new ConcurrentHashMap();
private final boolean offheap;
@VisibleForTesting
static ChunkCreator instance;
@VisibleForTesting
static boolean chunkPoolDisabled = false;
private MemStoreChunkPool dataChunksPool;
private int chunkSize;
private MemStoreChunkPool indexChunksPool;
@VisibleForTesting
ChunkCreator(int chunkSize, boolean offheap, long globalMemStoreSize, float poolSizePercentage,
float initialCountPercentage, HeapMemoryManager heapMemoryManager,
float indexChunkSizePercentage) {
this.offheap = offheap;
this.chunkSize = chunkSize; // in case pools are not allocated
initializePools(chunkSize, globalMemStoreSize, poolSizePercentage, indexChunkSizePercentage,
initialCountPercentage, heapMemoryManager);
}
@VisibleForTesting
private void initializePools(int chunkSize, long globalMemStoreSize,
float poolSizePercentage, float indexChunkSizePercentage,
float initialCountPercentage,
HeapMemoryManager heapMemoryManager) {
this.dataChunksPool = initializePool("data", globalMemStoreSize,
(1 - indexChunkSizePercentage) * poolSizePercentage,
initialCountPercentage, chunkSize, heapMemoryManager);
// The index chunks pool is needed only when the index type is CCM.
// Since the pools are not created at all when the index type isn't CCM,
// we don't need to check it here.
this.indexChunksPool = initializePool("index", globalMemStoreSize,
indexChunkSizePercentage * poolSizePercentage,
initialCountPercentage, (int) (indexChunkSizePercentage * chunkSize),
heapMemoryManager);
}
/**
* Initializes the instance of ChunkCreator
* @param chunkSize the chunkSize
* @param offheap indicates if the chunk is to be created offheap or not
* @param globalMemStoreSize the global memstore size
* @param poolSizePercentage pool size percentage
* @param initialCountPercentage the initial count of the chunk pool if any
* @param heapMemoryManager the heapmemory manager
* @return singleton MSLABChunkCreator
*/
@edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressWarnings(value = "LI_LAZY_INIT_STATIC",
justification = "Method is called by single thread at the starting of RS")
@VisibleForTesting
public static ChunkCreator initialize(int chunkSize, boolean offheap, long globalMemStoreSize,
float poolSizePercentage, float initialCountPercentage,
HeapMemoryManager heapMemoryManager) {
if (instance != null) {
return instance;
}
instance = new ChunkCreator(chunkSize, offheap, globalMemStoreSize, poolSizePercentage,
initialCountPercentage, heapMemoryManager,
MemStoreLABImpl.INDEX_CHUNK_PERCENTAGE_DEFAULT);
return instance;
}
@VisibleForTesting
public static ChunkCreator getInstance() {
return instance;
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk. The default implementation for a specific chunk size.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
*/
Chunk getChunk(ChunkType chunkType) {
return getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType.ARRAY_MAP, chunkType);
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk. The default implementation.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
*/
Chunk getChunk() {
return getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType.ARRAY_MAP, ChunkType.DATA_CHUNK);
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk. The default implementation for a specific index type.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
*/
Chunk getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType) {
return getChunk(chunkIndexType, ChunkType.DATA_CHUNK);
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk with specific index type and type.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
*/
Chunk getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType, ChunkType chunkType) {
switch (chunkType) {
case INDEX_CHUNK:
if (indexChunksPool != null) {
return getChunk(chunkIndexType, indexChunksPool.getChunkSize());
}
case DATA_CHUNK:
if (dataChunksPool == null) {
return getChunk(chunkIndexType, chunkSize);
} else {
return getChunk(chunkIndexType, dataChunksPool.getChunkSize());
}
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"chunkType must either be INDEX_CHUNK or DATA_CHUNK");
}
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
* @param chunkIndexType whether the requested chunk is going to be used with CellChunkMap index
* @param size the size of the chunk to be allocated, in bytes
*/
Chunk getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType, int size) {
Chunk chunk = null;
MemStoreChunkPool pool = null;
// if the size is suitable for one of the pools
if (dataChunksPool != null && size == dataChunksPool.getChunkSize()) {
pool = dataChunksPool;
} else if (indexChunksPool != null && size == indexChunksPool.getChunkSize()) {
pool = indexChunksPool;
}
// if we have a pool
if (pool != null) {
// the pool creates the chunk internally. The chunk#init() call happens here
chunk = pool.getChunk();
// the pool has run out of maxCount
if (chunk == null) {
if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
LOG.trace("The chunk pool is full. Reached maxCount= " + pool.getMaxCount()
+ ". Creating chunk onheap.");
}
}
}
if (chunk == null) {
// the second parameter explains whether CellChunkMap index is requested,
// in that case, put allocated on demand chunk mapping into chunkIdMap
chunk = createChunk(false, chunkIndexType, size);
}
// now we need to actually do the expensive memory allocation step in case of a new chunk,
// else only the offset is set to the beginning of the chunk to accept allocations
chunk.init();
return chunk;
}
/**
* Creates and inits a chunk of a special size, bigger than a regular chunk size.
* Such a chunk will never come from pool and will always be on demand allocated.
* @return the chunk that was initialized
* @param jumboSize the special size to be used
*/
Chunk getJumboChunk(int jumboSize) {
int allocSize = jumboSize + SIZEOF_CHUNK_HEADER;
if (allocSize <= dataChunksPool.getChunkSize()) {
LOG.warn("Jumbo chunk size " + jumboSize + " must be more than regular chunk size "
+ dataChunksPool.getChunkSize() + ". Converting to regular chunk.");
return getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType.CHUNK_MAP);
}
// the new chunk is going to hold the jumbo cell data and needs to be referenced by
// a strong map. Therefore the CCM index type
return getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType.CHUNK_MAP, allocSize);
}
/**
* Creates the chunk either onheap or offheap
* @param pool indicates if the chunks have to be created which will be used by the Pool
* @param chunkIndexType whether the requested chunk is going to be used with CellChunkMap index
* @param size the size of the chunk to be allocated, in bytes
* @return the chunk
*/
private Chunk createChunk(boolean pool, CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType, int size) {
Chunk chunk = null;
int id = chunkID.getAndIncrement();
assert id > 0;
// do not create offheap chunk on demand
if (pool && this.offheap) {
chunk = new OffheapChunk(size, id, pool);
} else {
chunk = new OnheapChunk(size, id, pool);
}
if (pool || (chunkIndexType == CompactingMemStore.IndexType.CHUNK_MAP)) {
// put the pool chunk into the chunkIdMap so it is not GC-ed
this.chunkIdMap.put(chunk.getId(), chunk);
}
return chunk;
}
// Chunks from pool are created covered with strong references anyway
// TODO: change to CHUNK_MAP if it is generally defined
private Chunk createChunkForPool(CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType, int chunkSize) {
if (chunkSize != dataChunksPool.getChunkSize() &&
chunkSize != indexChunksPool.getChunkSize()) {
return null;
}
return createChunk(true, chunkIndexType, chunkSize);
}
@VisibleForTesting
// Used to translate the ChunkID into a chunk ref
Chunk getChunk(int id) {
// can return null if chunk was never mapped
return chunkIdMap.get(id);
}
boolean isOffheap() {
return this.offheap;
}
private void removeChunks(Set chunkIDs) {
this.chunkIdMap.keySet().removeAll(chunkIDs);
}
Chunk removeChunk(int chunkId) {
return this.chunkIdMap.remove(chunkId);
}
@VisibleForTesting
// the chunks in the chunkIdMap may already be released so we shouldn't relay
// on this counting for strong correctness. This method is used only in testing.
int numberOfMappedChunks() {
return this.chunkIdMap.size();
}
@VisibleForTesting
void clearChunkIds() {
this.chunkIdMap.clear();
}
/**
* A pool of {@link Chunk} instances.
*
* MemStoreChunkPool caches a number of retired chunks for reusing, it could
* decrease allocating bytes when writing, thereby optimizing the garbage
* collection on JVM.
*/
private class MemStoreChunkPool implements HeapMemoryTuneObserver {
private final int chunkSize;
private int maxCount;
// A queue of reclaimed chunks
private final BlockingQueue reclaimedChunks;
private final float poolSizePercentage;
/** Statistics thread schedule pool */
private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduleThreadPool;
/** Statistics thread */
private static final int statThreadPeriod = 60 * 5;
private final AtomicLong chunkCount = new AtomicLong();
private final LongAdder reusedChunkCount = new LongAdder();
private final String label;
MemStoreChunkPool(String label, int chunkSize, int maxCount, int initialCount,
float poolSizePercentage) {
this.label = label;
this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
this.maxCount = maxCount;
this.poolSizePercentage = poolSizePercentage;
this.reclaimedChunks = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
for (int i = 0; i < initialCount; i++) {
Chunk chunk = createChunk(true, CompactingMemStore.IndexType.ARRAY_MAP, chunkSize);
chunk.init();
reclaimedChunks.add(chunk);
}
chunkCount.set(initialCount);
final String n = Thread.currentThread().getName();
scheduleThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat(n + "-MemStoreChunkPool Statistics").setDaemon(true).build());
this.scheduleThreadPool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new StatisticsThread(), statThreadPeriod,
statThreadPeriod, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
/**
* Poll a chunk from the pool, reset it if not null, else create a new chunk to return if we have
* not yet created max allowed chunks count. When we have already created max allowed chunks and
* no free chunks as of now, return null. It is the responsibility of the caller to make a chunk
* then.
* Note: Chunks returned by this pool must be put back to the pool after its use.
* @return a chunk
* @see #putbackChunks(Chunk)
*/
Chunk getChunk() {
return getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType.ARRAY_MAP);
}
Chunk getChunk(CompactingMemStore.IndexType chunkIndexType) {
Chunk chunk = reclaimedChunks.poll();
if (chunk != null) {
chunk.reset();
reusedChunkCount.increment();
} else {
// Make a chunk iff we have not yet created the maxCount chunks
while (true) {
long created = this.chunkCount.get();
if (created < this.maxCount) {
if (this.chunkCount.compareAndSet(created, created + 1)) {
chunk = createChunkForPool(chunkIndexType, chunkSize);
break;
}
} else {
break;
}
}
}
return chunk;
}
int getChunkSize() {
return chunkSize;
}
/**
* Add the chunks to the pool, when the pool achieves the max size, it will skip the remaining
* chunks
* @param c
*/
private void putbackChunks(Chunk c) {
int toAdd = this.maxCount - reclaimedChunks.size();
if (c.isFromPool() && c.size == chunkSize && toAdd > 0) {
reclaimedChunks.add(c);
} else {
// remove the chunk (that is not going to pool)
// though it is initially from the pool or not
ChunkCreator.this.removeChunk(c.getId());
}
}
private class StatisticsThread extends Thread {
StatisticsThread() {
super("MemStoreChunkPool.StatisticsThread");
setDaemon(true);
}
@Override
public void run() {
logStats();
}
private void logStats() {
if (!LOG.isDebugEnabled()) return;
long created = chunkCount.get();
long reused = reusedChunkCount.sum();
long total = created + reused;
LOG.debug("{} stats (chunk size={}): current pool size={}, created chunk count={}, " +
"reused chunk count={}, reuseRatio={}", label, chunkSize, reclaimedChunks.size(),
created, reused,
(total == 0? "0": StringUtils.formatPercent((float)reused/(float)total,2)));
}
}
private int getMaxCount() {
return this.maxCount;
}
@Override
public void onHeapMemoryTune(long newMemstoreSize, long newBlockCacheSize) {
// don't do any tuning in case of offheap memstore
if (isOffheap()) {
LOG.warn("{} not tuning the chunk pool as it is offheap", label);
return;
}
int newMaxCount =
(int) (newMemstoreSize * poolSizePercentage / getChunkSize());
if (newMaxCount != this.maxCount) {
// We need an adjustment in the chunks numbers
if (newMaxCount > this.maxCount) {
// Max chunks getting increased. Just change the variable. Later calls to getChunk() would
// create and add them to Q
LOG.info("{} max count for chunks increased from {} to {}", this.label, this.maxCount,
newMaxCount);
this.maxCount = newMaxCount;
} else {
// Max chunks getting decreased. We may need to clear off some of the pooled chunks now
// itself. If the extra chunks are serving already, do not pool those when we get them back
LOG.info("{} max count for chunks decreased from {} to {}", this.label, this.maxCount,
newMaxCount);
this.maxCount = newMaxCount;
if (this.reclaimedChunks.size() > newMaxCount) {
synchronized (this) {
while (this.reclaimedChunks.size() > newMaxCount) {
this.reclaimedChunks.poll();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
@VisibleForTesting
static void clearDisableFlag() {
chunkPoolDisabled = false;
}
private MemStoreChunkPool initializePool(String label, long globalMemStoreSize,
float poolSizePercentage, float initialCountPercentage, int chunkSize,
HeapMemoryManager heapMemoryManager) {
if (poolSizePercentage <= 0) {
LOG.info("{} poolSizePercentage is less than 0. So not using pool", label);
return null;
}
if (chunkPoolDisabled) {
return null;
}
if (poolSizePercentage > 1.0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
MemStoreLAB.CHUNK_POOL_MAXSIZE_KEY + " must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
}
int maxCount = (int) (globalMemStoreSize * poolSizePercentage / chunkSize);
if (initialCountPercentage > 1.0 || initialCountPercentage < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(label + " " + MemStoreLAB.CHUNK_POOL_INITIALSIZE_KEY +
" must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
}
int initialCount = (int) (initialCountPercentage * maxCount);
LOG.info("Allocating {} MemStoreChunkPool with chunk size {}, max count {}, initial count {}",
label, StringUtils.byteDesc(chunkSize), maxCount, initialCount);
MemStoreChunkPool memStoreChunkPool = new MemStoreChunkPool(label, chunkSize, maxCount,
initialCount, poolSizePercentage);
if (heapMemoryManager != null && memStoreChunkPool != null) {
// Register with Heap Memory manager
heapMemoryManager.registerTuneObserver(memStoreChunkPool);
}
return memStoreChunkPool;
}
@VisibleForTesting
int getMaxCount() {
return getMaxCount(ChunkType.DATA_CHUNK);
}
@VisibleForTesting
int getMaxCount(ChunkType chunkType) {
switch (chunkType) {
case INDEX_CHUNK:
if (indexChunksPool != null) {
return indexChunksPool.getMaxCount();
}
break;
case DATA_CHUNK:
if (dataChunksPool != null) {
return dataChunksPool.getMaxCount();
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"chunkType must either be INDEX_CHUNK or DATA_CHUNK");
}
return 0;
}
@VisibleForTesting
int getPoolSize() {
return getPoolSize(ChunkType.DATA_CHUNK);
}
@VisibleForTesting
int getPoolSize(ChunkType chunkType) {
switch (chunkType) {
case INDEX_CHUNK:
if (indexChunksPool != null) {
return indexChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.size();
}
break;
case DATA_CHUNK:
if (dataChunksPool != null) {
return dataChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.size();
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"chunkType must either be INDEX_CHUNK or DATA_CHUNK");
}
return 0;
}
@VisibleForTesting
boolean isChunkInPool(int chunkId) {
Chunk c = getChunk(chunkId);
if (c==null) {
return false;
}
// chunks that are from pool will return true chunk reference not null
if (dataChunksPool != null && dataChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.contains(c)) {
return true;
} else if (indexChunksPool != null && indexChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.contains(c)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/*
* Only used in testing
*/
@VisibleForTesting
void clearChunksInPool() {
if (dataChunksPool != null) {
dataChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.clear();
}
if (indexChunksPool != null) {
indexChunksPool.reclaimedChunks.clear();
}
}
int getChunkSize() {
return getChunkSize(ChunkType.DATA_CHUNK);
}
int getChunkSize(ChunkType chunkType) {
switch (chunkType) {
case INDEX_CHUNK:
if (indexChunksPool != null) {
return indexChunksPool.getChunkSize();
}
case DATA_CHUNK:
if (dataChunksPool != null) {
return dataChunksPool.getChunkSize();
} else { // When pools are empty
return chunkSize;
}
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"chunkType must either be INDEX_CHUNK or DATA_CHUNK");
}
}
synchronized void putbackChunks(Set chunks) {
// if there is no pool just try to clear the chunkIdMap in case there is something
if (dataChunksPool == null && indexChunksPool == null) {
this.removeChunks(chunks);
return;
}
// if there is a pool, go over all chunk IDs that came back, the chunks may be from pool or not
for (int chunkID : chunks) {
// translate chunk ID to chunk, if chunk initially wasn't in pool
// this translation will (most likely) return null
Chunk chunk = ChunkCreator.this.getChunk(chunkID);
if (chunk != null) {
if (chunk.isFromPool() && chunk.isIndexChunk()) {
indexChunksPool.putbackChunks(chunk);
} else if (chunk.isFromPool() && chunk.size == dataChunksPool.getChunkSize()) {
dataChunksPool.putbackChunks(chunk);
} else {
// chunks which are not from one of the pools
// should be released without going to the pools.
// Removing them from chunkIdMap will cause their removal by the GC.
this.removeChunk(chunkID);
}
}
// if chunk is null, it was never covered by the chunkIdMap (and so wasn't in pool also),
// so we have nothing to do on its release
}
return;
}
}