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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.apache.thrift.transport;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.params.CoreConnectionPNames;
/**
* HTTP implementation of the TTransport interface. Used for working with a
* Thrift web services implementation (using for example TServlet).
*
* This class offers two implementations of the HTTP transport.
* One uses HttpURLConnection instances, the other HttpClient from Apache
* Http Components.
* The chosen implementation depends on the constructor used to
* create the THttpClient instance.
* Using the THttpClient(String url) constructor or passing null as the
* HttpClient to THttpClient(String url, HttpClient client) will create an
* instance which will use HttpURLConnection.
*
* When using HttpClient, the following configuration leads to 5-15%
* better performance than the HttpURLConnection implementation:
*
* http.protocol.version=HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1
* http.protocol.content-charset=UTF-8
* http.protocol.expect-continue=false
* http.connection.stalecheck=false
*
* Also note that under high load, the HttpURLConnection implementation
* may exhaust the open file descriptor limit.
*
* @see THRIFT-970
*/
public class THttpClient extends TTransport {
private URL url_ = null;
private final ByteArrayOutputStream requestBuffer_ = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
private InputStream inputStream_ = null;
private int connectTimeout_ = 0;
private int readTimeout_ = 0;
private Map customHeaders_ = null;
private final HttpHost host;
private final HttpClient client;
public static class Factory extends TTransportFactory {
private final String url;
private final HttpClient client;
public Factory(String url) {
this.url = url;
this.client = null;
}
public Factory(String url, HttpClient client) {
this.url = url;
this.client = client;
}
@Override
public TTransport getTransport(TTransport trans) {
try {
if (null != client) {
return new THttpClient(url, client);
} else {
return new THttpClient(url);
}
} catch (TTransportException tte) {
return null;
}
}
}
public THttpClient(String url) throws TTransportException {
try {
url_ = new URL(url);
this.client = null;
this.host = null;
} catch (IOException iox) {
throw new TTransportException(iox);
}
}
public THttpClient(String url, HttpClient client) throws TTransportException {
try {
url_ = new URL(url);
this.client = client;
this.host = new HttpHost(url_.getHost(), -1 == url_.getPort() ? url_.getDefaultPort() : url_.getPort(), url_.getProtocol());
} catch (IOException iox) {
throw new TTransportException(iox);
}
}
public void setConnectTimeout(int timeout) {
connectTimeout_ = timeout;
if (null != this.client) {
// WARNING, this modifies the HttpClient params, this might have an impact elsewhere if the
// same HttpClient is used for something else.
client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, connectTimeout_);
}
}
public void setReadTimeout(int timeout) {
readTimeout_ = timeout;
if (null != this.client) {
// WARNING, this modifies the HttpClient params, this might have an impact elsewhere if the
// same HttpClient is used for something else.
client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT, readTimeout_);
}
}
public void setCustomHeaders(Map headers) {
customHeaders_ = headers;
}
public void setCustomHeader(String key, String value) {
if (customHeaders_ == null) {
customHeaders_ = new HashMap();
}
customHeaders_.put(key, value);
}
public void open() {}
public void close() {
if (null != inputStream_) {
try {
inputStream_.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
;
}
inputStream_ = null;
}
}
public boolean isOpen() {
return true;
}
public int read(byte[] buf, int off, int len) throws TTransportException {
if (inputStream_ == null) {
throw new TTransportException("Response buffer is empty, no request.");
}
try {
int ret = inputStream_.read(buf, off, len);
if (ret == -1) {
throw new TTransportException("No more data available.");
}
return ret;
} catch (IOException iox) {
throw new TTransportException(iox);
}
}
public void write(byte[] buf, int off, int len) {
requestBuffer_.write(buf, off, len);
}
/**
* copy from org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils#consume. Android has it's own httpcore
* that doesn't have a consume.
*/
private static void consume(final HttpEntity entity) throws IOException {
if (entity == null) {
return;
}
if (entity.isStreaming()) {
InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
if (instream != null) {
instream.close();
}
}
}
private void flushUsingHttpClient() throws TTransportException {
if (null == this.client) {
throw new TTransportException("Null HttpClient, aborting.");
}
// Extract request and reset buffer
byte[] data = requestBuffer_.toByteArray();
requestBuffer_.reset();
HttpPost post = null;
InputStream is = null;
try {
// Set request to path + query string
post = new HttpPost(this.url_.getFile());
//
// Headers are added to the HttpPost instance, not
// to HttpClient.
//
post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-thrift");
post.setHeader("Accept", "application/x-thrift");
post.setHeader("User-Agent", "Java/THttpClient/HC");
if (null != customHeaders_) {
for (Map.Entry header : customHeaders_.entrySet()) {
post.setHeader(header.getKey(), header.getValue());
}
}
post.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(data));
HttpResponse response = this.client.execute(this.host, post);
int responseCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
//
// Retrieve the inputstream BEFORE checking the status code so
// resources get freed in the finally clause.
//
is = response.getEntity().getContent();
if (responseCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
throw new TTransportException("HTTP Response code: " + responseCode);
}
// Read the responses into a byte array so we can release the connection
// early. This implies that the whole content will have to be read in
// memory, and that momentarily we might use up twice the memory (while the
// thrift struct is being read up the chain).
// Proceeding differently might lead to exhaustion of connections and thus
// to app failure.
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0;
do {
len = is.read(buf);
if (len > 0) {
baos.write(buf, 0, len);
}
} while (-1 != len);
try {
// Indicate we're done with the content.
consume(response.getEntity());
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// We ignore this exception, it might only mean the server has no
// keep-alive capability.
}
inputStream_ = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// Abort method so the connection gets released back to the connection manager
if (null != post) {
post.abort();
}
throw new TTransportException(ioe);
} finally {
if (null != is) {
// Close the entity's input stream, this will release the underlying connection
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
throw new TTransportException(ioe);
}
}
if (post != null) {
post.releaseConnection();
}
}
}
public void flush() throws TTransportException {
if (null != this.client) {
flushUsingHttpClient();
return;
}
// Extract request and reset buffer
byte[] data = requestBuffer_.toByteArray();
requestBuffer_.reset();
try {
// Create connection object
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)url_.openConnection();
// Timeouts, only if explicitly set
if (connectTimeout_ > 0) {
connection.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout_);
}
if (readTimeout_ > 0) {
connection.setReadTimeout(readTimeout_);
}
// Make the request
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-thrift");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/x-thrift");
connection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Java/THttpClient");
if (customHeaders_ != null) {
for (Map.Entry header : customHeaders_.entrySet()) {
connection.setRequestProperty(header.getKey(), header.getValue());
}
}
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.connect();
connection.getOutputStream().write(data);
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
throw new TTransportException("HTTP Response code: " + responseCode);
}
// Read the responses
inputStream_ = connection.getInputStream();
} catch (IOException iox) {
throw new TTransportException(iox);
}
}
}
