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/*
* Copyright 2004-2019 H2 Group. Multiple-Licensed under the MPL 2.0,
* and the EPL 1.0 (https://h2database.com/html/license.html).
* Initial Developer: H2 Group
*/
package org.h2.store;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.ref.Reference;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.h2.api.ErrorCode;
import org.h2.engine.Constants;
import org.h2.engine.SysProperties;
import org.h2.message.DbException;
import org.h2.security.SecureFileStore;
import org.h2.store.fs.FileUtils;
/**
* This class is an abstraction of a random access file.
* Each file contains a magic header, and reading / writing is done in blocks.
* See also {@link SecureFileStore}
*/
public class FileStore {
/**
* The size of the file header in bytes.
*/
public static final int HEADER_LENGTH = 3 * Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE;
/**
* The magic file header.
*/
private static final String HEADER =
"-- H2 0.5/B -- ".substring(0, Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE - 1) + "\n";
private static final boolean ASSERT;
static {
boolean a = false;
// Intentional side-effect
assert a = true;
ASSERT = a;
}
/**
* The file name.
*/
protected String name;
/**
* The callback object is responsible to check access rights, and free up
* disk space if required.
*/
private final DataHandler handler;
private FileChannel file;
private long filePos;
private long fileLength;
private Reference autoDeleteReference;
private boolean checkedWriting = true;
private final String mode;
private java.nio.channels.FileLock lock;
/**
* Create a new file using the given settings.
*
* @param handler the callback object
* @param name the file name
* @param mode the access mode ("r", "rw", "rws", "rwd")
*/
protected FileStore(DataHandler handler, String name, String mode) {
this.handler = handler;
this.name = name;
try {
boolean exists = FileUtils.exists(name);
if (exists && !FileUtils.canWrite(name)) {
mode = "r";
} else {
FileUtils.createDirectories(FileUtils.getParent(name));
}
file = FileUtils.open(name, mode);
if (exists) {
fileLength = file.size();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(
e, "name: " + name + " mode: " + mode);
}
this.mode = mode;
}
/**
* Open a non encrypted file store with the given settings.
*
* @param handler the data handler
* @param name the file name
* @param mode the access mode (r, rw, rws, rwd)
* @return the created object
*/
public static FileStore open(DataHandler handler, String name, String mode) {
return open(handler, name, mode, null, null, 0);
}
/**
* Open an encrypted file store with the given settings.
*
* @param handler the data handler
* @param name the file name
* @param mode the access mode (r, rw, rws, rwd)
* @param cipher the name of the cipher algorithm
* @param key the encryption key
* @return the created object
*/
public static FileStore open(DataHandler handler, String name, String mode,
String cipher, byte[] key) {
return open(handler, name, mode, cipher, key,
Constants.ENCRYPTION_KEY_HASH_ITERATIONS);
}
/**
* Open an encrypted file store with the given settings.
*
* @param handler the data handler
* @param name the file name
* @param mode the access mode (r, rw, rws, rwd)
* @param cipher the name of the cipher algorithm
* @param key the encryption key
* @param keyIterations the number of iterations the key should be hashed
* @return the created object
*/
public static FileStore open(DataHandler handler, String name, String mode,
String cipher, byte[] key, int keyIterations) {
FileStore store;
if (cipher == null) {
store = new FileStore(handler, name, mode);
} else {
store = new SecureFileStore(handler, name, mode,
cipher, key, keyIterations);
}
return store;
}
/**
* Generate the random salt bytes if required.
*
* @return the random salt or the magic
*/
protected byte[] generateSalt() {
return HEADER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
/**
* Initialize the key using the given salt.
*
* @param salt the salt
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
protected void initKey(byte[] salt) {
// do nothing
}
public void setCheckedWriting(boolean value) {
this.checkedWriting = value;
}
private void checkWritingAllowed() {
if (handler != null && checkedWriting) {
handler.checkWritingAllowed();
}
}
private void checkPowerOff() {
if (handler != null) {
handler.checkPowerOff();
}
}
/**
* Initialize the file. This method will write or check the file header if
* required.
*/
public void init() {
int len = Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE;
byte[] salt;
byte[] magic = HEADER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
if (length() < HEADER_LENGTH) {
// write unencrypted
checkedWriting = false;
writeDirect(magic, 0, len);
salt = generateSalt();
writeDirect(salt, 0, len);
initKey(salt);
// write (maybe) encrypted
write(magic, 0, len);
checkedWriting = true;
} else {
// read unencrypted
seek(0);
byte[] buff = new byte[len];
readFullyDirect(buff, 0, len);
if (!Arrays.equals(buff, magic)) {
throw DbException.get(ErrorCode.FILE_VERSION_ERROR_1, name);
}
salt = new byte[len];
readFullyDirect(salt, 0, len);
initKey(salt);
// read (maybe) encrypted
readFully(buff, 0, Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE);
if (!Arrays.equals(buff, magic)) {
throw DbException.get(ErrorCode.FILE_ENCRYPTION_ERROR_1, name);
}
}
}
/**
* Close the file.
*/
public void close() {
if (file != null) {
try {
trace("close", name, file);
file.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
} finally {
file = null;
}
}
}
/**
* Close the file without throwing any exceptions. Exceptions are simply
* ignored.
*/
public void closeSilently() {
try {
close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// ignore
}
}
/**
* Close the file (ignoring exceptions) and delete the file.
*/
public void closeAndDeleteSilently() {
if (file != null) {
closeSilently();
handler.getTempFileDeleter().deleteFile(autoDeleteReference, name);
name = null;
}
}
/**
* Read a number of bytes without decrypting.
*
* @param b the target buffer
* @param off the offset
* @param len the number of bytes to read
*/
public void readFullyDirect(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
readFully(b, off, len);
}
/**
* Read a number of bytes.
*
* @param b the target buffer
* @param off the offset
* @param len the number of bytes to read
*/
public void readFully(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
if (len < 0 || len % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE != 0) {
DbException.throwInternalError(
"unaligned read " + name + " len " + len);
}
checkPowerOff();
try {
FileUtils.readFully(file, ByteBuffer.wrap(b, off, len));
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
filePos += len;
}
/**
* Go to the specified file location.
*
* @param pos the location
*/
public void seek(long pos) {
if (pos % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE != 0) {
DbException.throwInternalError(
"unaligned seek " + name + " pos " + pos);
}
try {
if (pos != filePos) {
file.position(pos);
filePos = pos;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
}
/**
* Write a number of bytes without encrypting.
*
* @param b the source buffer
* @param off the offset
* @param len the number of bytes to write
*/
protected void writeDirect(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
write(b, off, len);
}
/**
* Write a number of bytes.
*
* @param b the source buffer
* @param off the offset
* @param len the number of bytes to write
*/
public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
if (len < 0 || len % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE != 0) {
DbException.throwInternalError(
"unaligned write " + name + " len " + len);
}
checkWritingAllowed();
checkPowerOff();
try {
FileUtils.writeFully(file, ByteBuffer.wrap(b, off, len));
} catch (IOException e) {
closeFileSilently();
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
filePos += len;
fileLength = Math.max(filePos, fileLength);
}
/**
* Set the length of the file. This will expand or shrink the file.
*
* @param newLength the new file size
*/
public void setLength(long newLength) {
if (newLength % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE != 0) {
DbException.throwInternalError(
"unaligned setLength " + name + " pos " + newLength);
}
checkPowerOff();
checkWritingAllowed();
try {
if (newLength > fileLength) {
long pos = filePos;
file.position(newLength - 1);
FileUtils.writeFully(file, ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[1]));
file.position(pos);
} else {
file.truncate(newLength);
}
fileLength = newLength;
} catch (IOException e) {
closeFileSilently();
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
}
/**
* Get the file size in bytes.
*
* @return the file size
*/
public long length() {
long len = fileLength;
if (ASSERT) {
try {
len = file.size();
if (len != fileLength) {
DbException.throwInternalError(
"file " + name + " length " + len + " expected " + fileLength);
}
if (len % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE != 0) {
long newLength = len + Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE -
(len % Constants.FILE_BLOCK_SIZE);
file.truncate(newLength);
fileLength = newLength;
DbException.throwInternalError(
"unaligned file length " + name + " len " + len);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
}
return len;
}
/**
* Get the current location of the file pointer.
*
* @return the location
*/
public long getFilePointer() {
if (ASSERT) {
try {
if (file.position() != filePos) {
DbException.throwInternalError(file.position() + " " + filePos);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
}
return filePos;
}
/**
* Call fsync. Depending on the operating system and hardware, this may or
* may not in fact write the changes.
*/
public void sync() {
try {
file.force(true);
} catch (IOException e) {
closeFileSilently();
throw DbException.convertIOException(e, name);
}
}
/**
* Automatically delete the file once it is no longer in use.
*/
public void autoDelete() {
if (autoDeleteReference == null) {
autoDeleteReference = handler.getTempFileDeleter().addFile(name, this);
}
}
/**
* No longer automatically delete the file once it is no longer in use.
*/
public void stopAutoDelete() {
handler.getTempFileDeleter().stopAutoDelete(autoDeleteReference, name);
autoDeleteReference = null;
}
/**
* Close the file. The file may later be re-opened using openFile.
*/
public void closeFile() throws IOException {
file.close();
file = null;
}
/**
* Just close the file, without setting the reference to null. This method
* is called when writing failed. The reference is not set to null so that
* there are no NullPointerExceptions later on.
*/
private void closeFileSilently() {
try {
file.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// ignore
}
}
/**
* Re-open the file. The file pointer will be reset to the previous
* location.
*/
public void openFile() throws IOException {
if (file == null) {
file = FileUtils.open(name, mode);
file.position(filePos);
}
}
private static void trace(String method, String fileName, Object o) {
if (SysProperties.TRACE_IO) {
System.out.println("FileStore." + method + " " + fileName + " " + o);
}
}
/**
* Try to lock the file.
*
* @return true if successful
*/
public synchronized boolean tryLock() {
try {
lock = file.tryLock();
return lock != null;
} catch (Exception e) {
// ignore OverlappingFileLockException
return false;
}
}
/**
* Release the file lock.
*/
public synchronized void releaseLock() {
if (file != null && lock != null) {
try {
lock.release();
} catch (Exception e) {
// ignore
}
lock = null;
}
}
}
