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Apache XML Security for Java supports XML-Signature Syntax and Processing, W3C Recommendation 12 February 2002, and XML Encryption Syntax and Processing, W3C Recommendation 10 December 2002. As of version 1.4, the library supports the standard Java API JSR-105: XML Digital Signature APIs.
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/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.xml.security.signature;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.xml.security.c14n.helper.AttrCompare;
import org.apache.xml.security.utils.XMLUtils;
import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.ProcessingInstruction;

/**
 * Class XMLSignatureInputDebugger
 */
public class XMLSignatureInputDebugger {

    /** Field _xmlSignatureInput */
    private Set xpathNodeSet;

    private Set inclusiveNamespaces;

    /** Field doc */
    private Document doc = null;

    /** Field writer */
    private Writer writer = null;

    /** The HTML Prefix* */
    static final String HTMLPrefix = 
        "\n"
        + "\n"
        + "\n"
        + "Caninical XML node set\n"
        + " \n"
        + "\n"
        + "\n"
        + "Explanation of the output\n"
        + "The following text contains the nodeset of the given Reference before it is canonicalized. There exist four different styles to indicate how a given node is treated.\n"
        + "\n"
        + "A node which is in the node set is labeled using the INCLUDED style.\n"
        + "A node which is NOT in the node set is labeled EXCLUDED style.\n"
        + "A namespace which is in the node set AND in the InclusiveNamespaces PrefixList is labeled using the INCLUDEDINCLUSIVENAMESPACE style.\n"
        + "A namespace which is in NOT the node set AND in the InclusiveNamespaces PrefixList is labeled using the INCLUDEDINCLUSIVENAMESPACE style.\n"
        + "
\n" + "Output
\n" + "\n";

    /** HTML Suffix * */
    static final String HTMLSuffix = "";

    static final String HTMLExcludePrefix = "";

    static final String HTMLIncludePrefix = "";

    static final String HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix = "";

    static final String HTMLIncludedInclusiveNamespacePrefix = "";

    static final String HTMLExcludedInclusiveNamespacePrefix = "";

    private static final int NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT = -1;

    private static final int NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT = 0;

    private static final int NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT = 1;

    static final AttrCompare ATTR_COMPARE = new AttrCompare();

    /**
     * Constructor XMLSignatureInputDebugger
     * 
     * @param xmlSignatureInput the signature to pretty print
     */
    public XMLSignatureInputDebugger(XMLSignatureInput xmlSignatureInput) {
        if (!xmlSignatureInput.isNodeSet()) {
            this.xpathNodeSet = null;
        } else {
            this.xpathNodeSet = xmlSignatureInput.getInputNodeSet();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Constructor XMLSignatureInputDebugger
     * 
     * @param xmlSignatureInput the signatur to pretty print
     * @param inclusiveNamespace
     */
    public XMLSignatureInputDebugger(
        XMLSignatureInput xmlSignatureInput, 
        Set inclusiveNamespace
    ) {
        this(xmlSignatureInput);
        this.inclusiveNamespaces = inclusiveNamespace;
    }

    /**
     * Method getHTMLRepresentation
     * 
     * @return The HTML Representation.
     * @throws XMLSignatureException
     */
    public String getHTMLRepresentation() throws XMLSignatureException {
        if ((this.xpathNodeSet == null) || (this.xpathNodeSet.size() == 0)) {
            return HTMLPrefix + "no node set, sorry" + HTMLSuffix;
        }

        // get only a single node as anchor to fetch the owner document
        Node n = (Node) this.xpathNodeSet.iterator().next();

        this.doc = XMLUtils.getOwnerDocument(n);

        try {
            this.writer = new StringWriter();

            this.canonicalizeXPathNodeSet(this.doc);
            this.writer.close();

            return this.writer.toString();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new XMLSignatureException("empty", ex);
        } finally {
            this.xpathNodeSet = null;
            this.doc = null;
            this.writer = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Method canonicalizeXPathNodeSet
     * 
     * @param currentNode
     * @throws XMLSignatureException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void canonicalizeXPathNodeSet(Node currentNode)
        throws XMLSignatureException, IOException {

        int currentNodeType = currentNode.getNodeType();
        switch (currentNodeType) {

        case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
        default:
            break;

        case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
        case Node.NOTATION_NODE:
        case Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE:
        case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
            throw new XMLSignatureException("empty");
        case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
            this.writer.write(HTMLPrefix);

            for (Node currentChild = currentNode.getFirstChild(); 
                currentChild != null; currentChild = currentChild.getNextSibling()) {
                this.canonicalizeXPathNodeSet(currentChild);
            }

            this.writer.write(HTMLSuffix);
            break;

        case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            int position = getPositionRelativeToDocumentElement(currentNode);

            if (position == NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT) {
                this.writer.write("\n");
            }

            this.outputCommentToWriter((Comment) currentNode);

            if (position == NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT) {
                this.writer.write("\n");
            }

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);
            break;

        case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            position = getPositionRelativeToDocumentElement(currentNode);

            if (position == NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT) {
                this.writer.write("\n");
            }

            this.outputPItoWriter((ProcessingInstruction) currentNode);

            if (position == NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT) {
                this.writer.write("\n");
            }

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);
            break;

        case Node.TEXT_NODE:
        case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            outputTextToWriter(currentNode.getNodeValue());

            for (Node nextSibling = currentNode.getNextSibling(); 
                (nextSibling != null) 
                && ((nextSibling.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) 
                    || (nextSibling.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE)); 
                nextSibling = nextSibling.getNextSibling()) {
                /*
                 * The XPath data model allows to select only the first of a
                 * sequence of mixed text and CDATA nodes. But we must output
                 * them all, so we must search:
                 * 
                 * @see http://nagoya.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6329
                 */
                this.outputTextToWriter(nextSibling.getNodeValue());
            }

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);
            break;

        case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
            Element currentElement = (Element) currentNode;

            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            this.writer.write("<");
            this.writer.write(currentElement.getTagName());

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);

            // we output all Attrs which are available
            NamedNodeMap attrs = currentElement.getAttributes();
            int attrsLength = attrs.getLength();
            Attr attrs2[] = new Attr[attrsLength];

            for (int i = 0; i < attrsLength; i++) {
                attrs2[i] = (Attr)attrs.item(i);
            }

            Arrays.sort(attrs2, ATTR_COMPARE);
            Object attrs3[] = attrs2;

            for (int i = 0; i < attrsLength; i++) {
                Attr a = (Attr) attrs3[i];
                boolean included = this.xpathNodeSet.contains(a);
                boolean inclusive = this.inclusiveNamespaces.contains(a.getName());

                if (included) {
                    if (inclusive) {
                        // included and inclusive
                        this.writer.write(HTMLIncludedInclusiveNamespacePrefix);
                    } else {
                        // included and not inclusive
                        this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
                    }
                } else {
                    if (inclusive) {
                        // excluded and inclusive
                        this.writer.write(HTMLExcludedInclusiveNamespacePrefix);
                    } else {
                        // excluded and not inclusive
                        this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
                    }
                }

                this.outputAttrToWriter(a.getNodeName(), a.getNodeValue());
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);
            }

            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            this.writer.write(">");

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);

            // traversal
            for (Node currentChild = currentNode.getFirstChild(); 
                currentChild != null; 
                currentChild = currentChild.getNextSibling()) {
                this.canonicalizeXPathNodeSet(currentChild);
            }

            if (this.xpathNodeSet.contains(currentNode)) {
                this.writer.write(HTMLIncludePrefix);
            } else {
                this.writer.write(HTMLExcludePrefix);
            }

            this.writer.write("</");
            this.writer.write(currentElement.getTagName());
            this.writer.write(">");

            this.writer.write(HTMLIncludeOrExcludeSuffix);
            break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether a Comment or ProcessingInstruction is before or after the
     * document element. This is needed for prepending or appending "\n"s.
     * 
     * @param currentNode
     *            comment or pi to check
     * @return NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT,
     *         NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT or
     *         NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT
     * @see #NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT
     * @see #NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT
     * @see #NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT
     */
    private int getPositionRelativeToDocumentElement(Node currentNode) {
        if (currentNode == null) {
            return NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
        }

        Document doc = currentNode.getOwnerDocument();

        if (currentNode.getParentNode() != doc) {
            return NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
        }

        Element documentElement = doc.getDocumentElement();

        if (documentElement == null) {
            return NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
        }

        if (documentElement == currentNode) {
            return NODE_NOT_BEFORE_OR_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
        }

        for (Node x = currentNode; x != null; x = x.getNextSibling()) {
            if (x == documentElement) {
                return NODE_BEFORE_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
            }
        }

        return NODE_AFTER_DOCUMENT_ELEMENT;
    }

    /**
     * Normalizes an {@link Attr}ibute value
     * 
     * The string value of the node is modified by replacing
     * 
     * all ampersands (&) with &amp;
     * all open angle brackets (<) with &lt;
     * all quotation mark characters with &quot;
     * and the whitespace characters #x9, #xA, and #xD,
     * with character references. The character references are written in
     * uppercase hexadecimal with no leading zeroes (for example, #xD
     * is represented by the character reference &#xD;)
     * 
     * 
     * @param name
     * @param value
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void outputAttrToWriter(String name, String value) throws IOException {
        this.writer.write(" ");
        this.writer.write(name);
        this.writer.write("=\"");

        int length = value.length();

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            char c = value.charAt(i);

            switch (c) {

            case '&':
                this.writer.write("&amp;");
                break;

            case '<':
                this.writer.write("&lt;");
                break;

            case '"':
                this.writer.write("&quot;");
                break;

            case 0x09: // '\t'
                this.writer.write("&#x9;");
                break;

            case 0x0A: // '\n'
                this.writer.write("&#xA;");
                break;

            case 0x0D: // '\r'
                this.writer.write("&#xD;");
                break;

            default:
                this.writer.write(c);
                break;
            }
        }

        this.writer.write("\"");
    }

    /**
     * Normalizes a {@link org.w3c.dom.Comment} value
     * 
     * @param currentPI
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void outputPItoWriter(ProcessingInstruction currentPI) throws IOException {

        if (currentPI == null) {
            return;
        }

        this.writer.write("<?");

        String target = currentPI.getTarget();
        int length = target.length();

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            char c = target.charAt(i);

            switch (c) {

            case 0x0D:
                this.writer.write("&#xD;");
                break;

            case ' ':
                this.writer.write("·");
                break;

            case '\n':
                this.writer.write("¶\n");
                break;

            default:
                this.writer.write(c);
                break;
            }
        }

        String data = currentPI.getData();

        length = data.length();

        if (length > 0) {
            this.writer.write(" ");

            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                char c = data.charAt(i);

                switch (c) {

                case 0x0D:
                    this.writer.write("&#xD;");
                    break;

                default:
                    this.writer.write(c);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        this.writer.write("?>");
    }

    /**
     * Method outputCommentToWriter
     * 
     * @param currentComment
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void outputCommentToWriter(Comment currentComment) throws IOException {

        if (currentComment == null) {
            return;
        }

        this.writer.write("<!--");

        String data = currentComment.getData();
        int length = data.length();

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            char c = data.charAt(i);

            switch (c) {

            case 0x0D:
                this.writer.write("&#xD;");
                break;

            case ' ':
                this.writer.write("·");
                break;

            case '\n':
                this.writer.write("¶\n");
                break;

            default:
                this.writer.write(c);
                break;
            }
        }

        this.writer.write("-->");
    }

    /**
     * Method outputTextToWriter
     * 
     * @param text
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void outputTextToWriter(String text) throws IOException {
        if (text == null) {
            return;
        }

        int length = text.length();

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            char c = text.charAt(i);

            switch (c) {

            case '&':
                this.writer.write("&amp;");
                break;

            case '<':
                this.writer.write("&lt;");
                break;

            case '>':
                this.writer.write("&gt;");
                break;

            case 0xD:
                this.writer.write("&#xD;");
                break;

            case ' ':
                this.writer.write("·");
                break;

            case '\n':
                this.writer.write("¶\n");
                break;

            default:
                this.writer.write(c);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}