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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.apache.struts2.json;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Inject;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AbstractInterceptor;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.WildcardUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.BooleanUtils;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.StrutsConstants;
import org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PrepareOperations;
import org.apache.struts2.json.annotations.SMDMethod;
import org.apache.struts2.json.rpc.RPCError;
import org.apache.struts2.json.rpc.RPCErrorCode;
import org.apache.struts2.json.rpc.RPCResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* Populates an action from a JSON string
*/
public class JSONInterceptor extends AbstractInterceptor {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 4950170304212158803L;
private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(JSONInterceptor.class);
private boolean enableSMD = false;
private boolean enableGZIP = false;
private boolean wrapWithComments;
private boolean prefix;
private String defaultEncoding = "UTF-8";
private boolean ignoreHierarchy = true;
private String root;
private List excludeProperties;
private List includeProperties;
private boolean ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces = true;
private JSONPopulator populator = new JSONPopulator();
private JSONCleaner dataCleaner = null;
private boolean debug = false;
private boolean noCache = false;
private boolean excludeNullProperties;
private String callbackParameter;
private String jsonContentType = "application/json";
private String jsonRpcContentType = "application/json-rpc";
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
String requestContentType = readContentType(request);
String requestContentTypeEncoding = readContentTypeEncoding(request);
Object rootObject = null;
final ValueStack stack = invocation.getStack();
if (this.root != null) {
rootObject = stack.findValue(this.root);
if (rootObject == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Invalid root expression: '" + this.root + "'.");
}
}
if (jsonContentType.equalsIgnoreCase(requestContentType)) {
// load JSON object
Object obj = JSONUtil.deserialize(request.getReader());
// JSON array (this.root cannot be null in this case)
if(obj instanceof List && this.root != null) {
String mapKey = this.root;
rootObject = null;
if(this.root.indexOf('.') != -1) {
mapKey = this.root.substring(this.root.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
rootObject = stack.findValue(this.root.substring(0, this.root.lastIndexOf('.')));
if (rootObject == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("JSON array: Invalid root expression: '" + this.root + "'.");
}
}
// create a map with a list inside
Map m = new HashMap();
m.put(mapKey, new ArrayList((List) obj));
obj = m;
}
if (obj instanceof Map) {
Map json = (Map) obj;
// clean up the values
if (dataCleaner != null)
dataCleaner.clean("", json);
if (rootObject == null) // model overrides action
rootObject = invocation.getStack().peek();
// populate fields
populator.populateObject(rootObject, json);
} else {
LOG.error("Unable to deserialize JSON object from request");
throw new JSONException("Unable to deserialize JSON object from request");
}
} else if (jsonRpcContentType.equalsIgnoreCase(requestContentType)) {
Object result;
if (this.enableSMD) {
// load JSON object
Object obj = JSONUtil.deserialize(request.getReader());
if (obj instanceof Map) {
Map smd = (Map) obj;
if (rootObject == null) { // model makes no sense when using RPC
rootObject = invocation.getAction();
}
// invoke method
try {
result = this.invoke(rootObject, smd);
} catch (Exception e) {
RPCResponse rpcResponse = new RPCResponse();
rpcResponse.setId(smd.get("id").toString());
rpcResponse.setError(new RPCError(e, RPCErrorCode.EXCEPTION, getDebug()));
result = rpcResponse;
}
} else {
String message = "SMD request was not in the right format. See http://json-rpc.org";
RPCResponse rpcResponse = new RPCResponse();
rpcResponse.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.INVALID_PROCEDURE_CALL));
result = rpcResponse;
}
} else {
String message = "Request with content type of 'application/json-rpc' was received but SMD is "
+ "not enabled for this interceptor. Set 'enableSMD' to true to enable it";
RPCResponse rpcResponse = new RPCResponse();
rpcResponse.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.SMD_DISABLED));
result = rpcResponse;
}
JSONUtil jsonUtil = invocation.getInvocationContext().getContainer().getInstance(JSONUtil.class);
String json = jsonUtil.serialize(result, excludeProperties, getIncludeProperties(),
ignoreHierarchy, excludeNullProperties);
json = addCallbackIfApplicable(request, json);
boolean writeGzip = enableGZIP && JSONUtil.isGzipInRequest(request);
JSONUtil.writeJSONToResponse(new SerializationParams(response, requestContentTypeEncoding,
this.wrapWithComments, json, true, writeGzip, noCache, -1, -1, prefix, "application/json"));
return Action.NONE;
} else {
LOG.debug("Accept header parameter must be '{}' or '{}'. Ignoring request with Content Type '{}'", jsonContentType, jsonRpcContentType, requestContentType);
}
return invocation.invoke();
}
protected String readContentType(HttpServletRequest request) {
String contentType = request.getHeader("Content-Type");
LOG.debug("Content Type from request: {}", contentType);
if (contentType != null && contentType.contains(";")) {
contentType = contentType.substring(0, contentType.indexOf(";")).trim();
}
return contentType;
}
protected String readContentTypeEncoding(HttpServletRequest request) {
String contentTypeEncoding = request.getHeader("Content-Type");
LOG.debug("Content Type encoding from request: {}", contentTypeEncoding);
if (contentTypeEncoding != null && contentTypeEncoding.contains(";charset=")) {
contentTypeEncoding = contentTypeEncoding.substring(contentTypeEncoding.indexOf(";charset=") + ";charset=".length()).trim();
} else {
contentTypeEncoding = defaultEncoding;
}
LOG.debug("Content Type encoding to be used in de-serialisation: {}", contentTypeEncoding);
return contentTypeEncoding;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public RPCResponse invoke(Object object, Map data) throws IllegalArgumentException,
IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, JSONException, InstantiationException,
NoSuchMethodException, IntrospectionException {
RPCResponse response = new RPCResponse();
// validate id
Object id = data.get("id");
if (id == null) {
String message = "'id' is required for JSON RPC";
response.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.METHOD_NOT_FOUND));
return response;
}
// could be a numeric value
response.setId(id.toString());
// the map is going to have: 'params', 'method' and 'id' (for the
// client to identify the response)
Class clazz = object.getClass();
// parameters
List parameters = (List) data.get("params");
int parameterCount = parameters != null ? parameters.size() : 0;
// method
String methodName = (String) data.get("method");
if (methodName == null) {
String message = "'method' is required for JSON RPC";
response.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.MISSING_METHOD));
return response;
}
Method method = this.getMethod(clazz, methodName, parameterCount);
if (method == null) {
String message = "Method " + methodName + " could not be found in action class.";
response.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.METHOD_NOT_FOUND));
return response;
}
// parameters
if (parameterCount > 0) {
Class[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
Type[] genericTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();
List invocationParameters = new ArrayList();
// validate size
if (parameterTypes.length != parameterCount) {
// size mismatch
String message = "Parameter count in request, " + parameterCount
+ " do not match expected parameter count for " + methodName + ", "
+ parameterTypes.length;
response.setError(new RPCError(message, RPCErrorCode.PARAMETERS_MISMATCH));
return response;
}
// convert parameters
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.size(); i++) {
Object parameter = parameters.get(i);
Class paramType = parameterTypes[i];
Type genericType = genericTypes[i];
// clean up the values
if (dataCleaner != null) {
parameter = dataCleaner.clean("[" + i + "]", parameter);
}
Object converted = populator.convert(paramType, genericType, parameter, method);
invocationParameters.add(converted);
}
response.setResult(method.invoke(object, invocationParameters.toArray()));
} else {
response.setResult(method.invoke(object, new Object[0]));
}
return response;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private Method getMethod(Class clazz, String name, int parameterCount) {
Method[] smdMethods = JSONUtil.listSMDMethods(clazz, ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces);
for (Method method : smdMethods) {
if (checkSMDMethodSignature(method, name, parameterCount)) {
return method;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Look for a method in clazz carrying the SMDMethod annotation with
* matching name and parametersCount
*
* @return true if matches name and parameterCount
*/
private boolean checkSMDMethodSignature(Method method, String name, int parameterCount) {
SMDMethod smdMethodAnntotation = method.getAnnotation(SMDMethod.class);
if (smdMethodAnntotation != null) {
String alias = smdMethodAnntotation.name();
boolean paramsMatch = method.getParameterTypes().length == parameterCount;
if (((alias.length() == 0) && method.getName().equals(name) && paramsMatch)
|| (alias.equals(name) && paramsMatch)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
protected String addCallbackIfApplicable(HttpServletRequest request, String json) {
if ((callbackParameter != null) && (callbackParameter.length() > 0)) {
String callbackName = request.getParameter(callbackParameter);
if ((callbackName != null) && (callbackName.length() > 0))
json = callbackName + "(" + json + ")";
}
return json;
}
public boolean isEnableSMD() {
return this.enableSMD;
}
public void setEnableSMD(boolean enableSMD) {
this.enableSMD = enableSMD;
}
/**
* Ignore annotations on methods in interfaces You may need to set to this
* true if your action is a proxy/enhanced as annotations are not inherited
*
* @param ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces set the flag for ignore SMD method interfaces
*/
public void setIgnoreSMDMethodInterfaces(boolean ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces) {
this.ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces = ignoreSMDMethodInterfaces;
}
/**
* Wrap generated JSON with comments. Only used if SMD is enabled.
*
* @param wrapWithComments Wrap generated JSON with comments.
*/
public void setWrapWithComments(boolean wrapWithComments) {
this.wrapWithComments = wrapWithComments;
}
@Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_I18N_ENCODING)
public void setDefaultEncoding(String val) {
this.defaultEncoding = val;
}
/**
* @param ignoreHierarchy Ignore properties defined on base classes of the root object.
*/
public void setIgnoreHierarchy(boolean ignoreHierarchy) {
this.ignoreHierarchy = ignoreHierarchy;
}
/**
* Sets the root object to be deserialized, defaults to the Action
*
* @param root
* OGNL expression of root object to be serialized
*/
public void setRoot(String root) {
this.root = root;
}
/**
* Sets the JSONPopulator to be used
*
* @param populator
* JSONPopulator
*/
public void setJSONPopulator(JSONPopulator populator) {
this.populator = populator;
}
/**
* Sets the JSONCleaner to be used
*
* @param dataCleaner
* JSONCleaner
*/
public void setJSONCleaner(JSONCleaner dataCleaner) {
this.dataCleaner = dataCleaner;
}
/**
* @return true if debugging is turned on
*/
public boolean getDebug() {
Boolean devModeOverride = PrepareOperations.getDevModeOverride();
return devModeOverride != null ? devModeOverride : this.debug;
}
/**
* Turns debugging on or off
*
* @param debug
* true or false
*/
public void setDebug(boolean debug) {
this.debug = debug;
}
@Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_DEVMODE)
public void setDevMode(String mode) {
setDebug(BooleanUtils.toBoolean(mode));
}
/**
* Sets a comma-delimited list of regular expressions to match properties
* that should be excluded from the JSON output.
*
* @param commaDelim
* A comma-delimited list of regular expressions
*/
public void setExcludeProperties(String commaDelim) {
Set excludePatterns = JSONUtil.asSet(commaDelim);
if (excludePatterns != null) {
this.excludeProperties = new ArrayList<>(excludePatterns.size());
for (String pattern : excludePatterns) {
this.excludeProperties.add(Pattern.compile(pattern));
}
}
}
/**
* Sets a comma-delimited list of wildcard expressions to match
* properties that should be excluded from the JSON output.
*
* @param commaDelim
* A comma-delimited list of wildcard expressions
*/
public void setExcludeWildcards(String commaDelim) {
Set excludePatterns = JSONUtil.asSet(commaDelim);
if (excludePatterns != null) {
this.excludeProperties = new ArrayList<>(excludePatterns.size());
for (String pattern : excludePatterns) {
this.excludeProperties.add(WildcardUtil.compileWildcardPattern(pattern));
}
}
}
/**
* Sets a comma-delimited list of regular expressions to match properties
* that should be included from the JSON output.
*
* @param commaDelim
* A comma-delimited list of regular expressions
*/
public void setIncludeProperties(String commaDelim) {
includeProperties = JSONUtil.processIncludePatterns(JSONUtil.asSet(commaDelim), JSONUtil.REGEXP_PATTERN);
}
/**
* Sets a comma-delimited list of wildcard expressions to match
* properties that should be included from the JSON output. The
* standard boilerplate (id, error, debug) are automatically included,
* as appropriate, so you only need to provide patterns for the
* contents of "result".
*
* @param commaDelim
* A comma-delimited list of wildcard expressions
*/
public void setIncludeWildcards(String commaDelim) {
includeProperties = JSONUtil.processIncludePatterns(JSONUtil.asSet(commaDelim), JSONUtil.WILDCARD_PATTERN);
if (includeProperties != null) {
includeProperties.add(Pattern.compile("id"));
includeProperties.add(Pattern.compile("result"));
includeProperties.add(Pattern.compile("error"));
includeProperties.add(WildcardUtil.compileWildcardPattern("error.code"));
}
}
/**
* @return the appropriate set of includes, based on debug setting.
* Derived classes can override if there are additional, custom
* debug-only parameters.
*/
protected List getIncludeProperties() {
if (includeProperties != null && getDebug()) {
List list = new ArrayList<>(includeProperties);
list.add(Pattern.compile("debug"));
list.add(WildcardUtil.compileWildcardPattern("error.*"));
return list;
} else {
return includeProperties;
}
}
public boolean isEnableGZIP() {
return enableGZIP;
}
/**
* Setting this property to "true" will compress the output.
*
* @param enableGZIP
* Enable compressed output
*/
public void setEnableGZIP(boolean enableGZIP) {
this.enableGZIP = enableGZIP;
}
public boolean isNoCache() {
return noCache;
}
/**
* Add headers to response to prevent the browser from caching the response
*
* @param noCache no cache
*/
public void setNoCache(boolean noCache) {
this.noCache = noCache;
}
public boolean isExcludeNullProperties() {
return excludeNullProperties;
}
/**
* @param excludeNullProperties Do not serialize properties with a null value
*/
public void setExcludeNullProperties(boolean excludeNullProperties) {
this.excludeNullProperties = excludeNullProperties;
}
public void setCallbackParameter(String callbackParameter) {
this.callbackParameter = callbackParameter;
}
public String getCallbackParameter() {
return callbackParameter;
}
/**
* @param prefix Add "{} && " to generated JSON
*/
public void setPrefix(boolean prefix) {
this.prefix = prefix;
}
public void setJsonContentType(String jsonContentType) {
this.jsonContentType = jsonContentType;
}
public void setJsonRpcContentType(String jsonRpcContentType) {
this.jsonRpcContentType = jsonRpcContentType;
}
}
