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Central module for Tapestry, containing interfaces to the Java Servlet API and all core services and components.
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// Copyright 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 The Apache Software Foundation
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.event.InvalidationEventHubImpl;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.util.MultiKey;
import org.apache.tapestry5.ioc.Messages;
import org.apache.tapestry5.ioc.Resource;
import org.apache.tapestry5.ioc.internal.util.CollectionFactory;
import org.apache.tapestry5.ioc.internal.util.LocalizedNameGenerator;
import org.apache.tapestry5.ioc.internal.util.URLChangeTracker;
import org.apache.tapestry5.services.messages.PropertiesFileParser;

/**
 * A utility class that encapsulates all the logic for reading properties files and assembling {@link Messages} from
 * them, in accordance with extension rules and locale. This represents code that was refactored out of
 * {@link ComponentMessagesSourceImpl}. This class can be used as a base class, though the existing code base uses it as
 * a
 * utility. Composition trumps inheritance!
 * 
 * The message catalog for a component is the combination of all appropriate properties files for the component, plus
 * any keys inherited form base components and, ultimately, the application global message catalog. At some point we
 * should add support for per-library message catalogs.
 * 
 * Message catalogs are read using the UTF-8 character set. This is tricky in JDK 1.5; we read the file into memory then
 * feed that bytestream to Properties.load().
 */
public class MessagesSourceImpl extends InvalidationEventHubImpl implements MessagesSource
{
    private final URLChangeTracker tracker;

    private final PropertiesFileParser propertiesFileParser;

    /**
     * Keyed on bundle id and locale.
     */
    private final Map messagesByBundleIdAndLocale = CollectionFactory.newConcurrentMap();

    /**
     * Keyed on bundle id and locale, the cooked properties include properties inherited from less locale-specific
     * properties files, or inherited from parent bundles.
     */
    private final Map> cookedProperties = CollectionFactory.newConcurrentMap();

    /**
     * Raw properties represent just the properties read from a specific properties file, in isolation.
     */
    private final Map> rawProperties = CollectionFactory.newConcurrentMap();

    private final Map emptyMap = Collections.emptyMap();

    public MessagesSourceImpl(URLChangeTracker tracker, PropertiesFileParser propertiesFileParser)
    {
        this.tracker = tracker;
        this.propertiesFileParser = propertiesFileParser;
    }

    public void checkForUpdates()
    {
        if (tracker.containsChanges())
        {
            messagesByBundleIdAndLocale.clear();
            cookedProperties.clear();
            rawProperties.clear();

            tracker.clear();

            fireInvalidationEvent();
        }
    }

    public Messages getMessages(MessagesBundle bundle, Locale locale)
    {
        MultiKey key = new MultiKey(bundle.getId(), locale);

        Messages result = messagesByBundleIdAndLocale.get(key);

        if (result == null)
        {
            result = buildMessages(bundle, locale);
            messagesByBundleIdAndLocale.put(key, result);
        }

        return result;
    }

    private Messages buildMessages(MessagesBundle bundle, Locale locale)
    {
        Map properties = findBundleProperties(bundle, locale);

        return new MapMessages(locale, properties);
    }

    /**
     * Assembles a set of properties appropriate for the bundle in question, and the desired locale. The properties
     * reflect the properties of the bundles' parent (if any) for the locale, overalyed with any properties defined for
     * this bundle and its locale.
     */
    private Map findBundleProperties(MessagesBundle bundle, Locale locale)
    {
        if (bundle == null)
            return emptyMap;

        MultiKey key = new MultiKey(bundle.getId(), locale);

        Map existing = cookedProperties.get(key);

        if (existing != null)
            return existing;

        // What would be cool is if we could maintain a cache of bundle id + locale -->
        // Resource. That would optimize quite a bit of this; may need to use an alternative to
        // LocalizedNameGenerator.

        Resource propertiesResource = bundle.getBaseResource().withExtension("properties");

        List localizations = CollectionFactory.newList();

        for (String localizedFile : new LocalizedNameGenerator(propertiesResource.getFile(), locale))
        {
            Resource localized = propertiesResource.forFile(localizedFile);

            localizations.add(localized);
        }

        // We need them in least-specific to most-specific order, the opposite
        // of how the LocalizedNameGenerator provides them.

        Collections.reverse(localizations);

        // Localizations are now in least-specific to most-specific order.

        Map previous = findBundleProperties(bundle.getParent(), locale);

        for (Resource localization : localizations)
        {
            Map rawProperties = getRawProperties(localization);

            // Woould be nice to write into the cookedProperties cache here,
            // but we can't because we don't know the locale part of the MultiKey.

            previous = extend(previous, rawProperties);
        }

        cookedProperties.put(key, previous);

        return previous;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new map consisting of all the properties in previous overlayed with all the properties in
     * rawProperties. If rawProperties is empty, returns just the base map.
     */
    private Map extend(Map base, Map rawProperties)
    {
        if (rawProperties.isEmpty())
            return base;

        // Make a copy of the base Map

        Map result = CollectionFactory.newCaseInsensitiveMap(base);

        // Add or overwrite properties to the copy

        result.putAll(rawProperties);

        return result;
    }

    private Map getRawProperties(Resource localization)
    {
        Map result = rawProperties.get(localization);

        if (result == null)
        {
            result = readProperties(localization);

            rawProperties.put(localization, result);
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates and returns a new map that contains properties read from the properties file.
     */
    private Map readProperties(Resource resource)
    {
        if (!resource.exists())
            return emptyMap;

        tracker.add(resource.toURL());

        try
        {
            return propertiesFileParser.parsePropertiesFile(resource);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new RuntimeException(ServicesMessages.failureReadingMessages(resource, ex), ex);
        }
    }

}