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/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.coyote;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.function.Supplier;

import jakarta.servlet.WriteListener;

import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.B2CConverter;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.MessageBytes;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.parser.MediaType;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;

/**
 * Response object.
 *
 * @author James Duncan Davidson [[email protected]]
 * @author Jason Hunter [[email protected]]
 * @author James Todd [[email protected]]
 * @author Harish Prabandham
 * @author Hans Bergsten [[email protected]]
 * @author Remy Maucherat
 */
public final class Response {

    private static final StringManager sm = StringManager.getManager(Response.class);
    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Response.class);


    // ----------------------------------------------------- Class Variables

    /**
     * Default locale as mandated by the spec.
     */
    private static final Locale DEFAULT_LOCALE = Locale.getDefault();


    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables

    /**
     * Status code.
     */
    int status = 200;


    /**
     * Status message.
     */
    String message = null;


    /**
     * Response headers.
     */
    final MimeHeaders headers = new MimeHeaders();


    private Supplier> trailerFieldsSupplier = null;

    /**
     * Associated output buffer.
     */
    OutputBuffer outputBuffer;


    /**
     * Notes.
     */
    final Object notes[] = new Object[Constants.MAX_NOTES];


    /**
     * Committed flag.
     */
    volatile boolean committed = false;


    /**
     * Action hook.
     */
    volatile ActionHook hook;


    /**
     * HTTP specific fields.
     */
    String contentType = null;
    String contentLanguage = null;
    Charset charset = null;
    // Retain the original name used to set the charset so exactly that name is
    // used in the ContentType header. Some (arguably non-specification
    // compliant) user agents are very particular
    String characterEncoding = null;
    long contentLength = -1;
    private Locale locale = DEFAULT_LOCALE;

    // General information
    private long contentWritten = 0;
    private long commitTimeNanos = -1;

    /**
     * Holds response writing error exception.
     */
    private Exception errorException = null;

    /**
     * With the introduction of async processing and the possibility of non-container threads calling sendError()
     * tracking the current error state and ensuring that the correct error page is called becomes more complicated.
     * This state attribute helps by tracking the current error state and informing callers that attempt to change state
     * if the change was successful or if another thread got there first.
     *
     * 
     * The state machine is very simple:
     *
     * 0 - NONE
     * 1 - NOT_REPORTED
     * 2 - REPORTED
     *
     *
     *   -->---->-- >NONE
     *   |   |        |
     *   |   |        | setError()
     *   ^   ^        |
     *   |   |       \|/
     *   |   |-<-NOT_REPORTED
     *   |            |
     *   ^            | report()
     *   |            |
     *   |           \|/
     *   |----<----REPORTED
     * 
*/ private final AtomicInteger errorState = new AtomicInteger(0); Request req; // ------------------------------------------------------------- Properties public Request getRequest() { return req; } public void setRequest(Request req) { this.req = req; } public void setOutputBuffer(OutputBuffer outputBuffer) { this.outputBuffer = outputBuffer; } public MimeHeaders getMimeHeaders() { return headers; } protected void setHook(ActionHook hook) { this.hook = hook; } // -------------------- Per-Response "notes" -------------------- public void setNote(int pos, Object value) { notes[pos] = value; } public Object getNote(int pos) { return notes[pos]; } // -------------------- Actions -------------------- public void action(ActionCode actionCode, Object param) { if (hook != null) { if (param == null) { hook.action(actionCode, this); } else { hook.action(actionCode, param); } } } // -------------------- State -------------------- public int getStatus() { return status; } /** * Set the response status. * * @param status The status value to set */ public void setStatus(int status) { this.status = status; } /** * Get the status message. * * @return The message associated with the current status */ public String getMessage() { return message; } /** * Set the status message. * * @param message The status message to set */ public void setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; } public boolean isCommitted() { return committed; } public void setCommitted(boolean v) { if (v && !this.committed) { this.commitTimeNanos = System.nanoTime(); } this.committed = v; } /** * Return the time the response was committed (based on System.currentTimeMillis). * * @return the time the response was committed */ public long getCommitTime() { return System.currentTimeMillis() - TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - commitTimeNanos); } /** * Return the time the response was committed (based on System.nanoTime). * * @return the time the response was committed */ public long getCommitTimeNanos() { return commitTimeNanos; } // -----------------Error State -------------------- /** * Set the error Exception that occurred during the writing of the response processing. * * @param ex The exception that occurred */ public void setErrorException(Exception ex) { if (errorException == null) { errorException = ex; } } /** * Get the Exception that occurred during the writing of the response. * * @return The exception that occurred */ public Exception getErrorException() { return errorException; } public boolean isExceptionPresent() { return errorException != null; } /** * Set the error flag. * * @return false if the error flag was already set * * @deprecated This method will be changed to return void in Tomcat 11 onwards */ @Deprecated public boolean setError() { return errorState.compareAndSet(0, 1); } /** * Error flag accessor. * * @return true if the response has encountered an error */ public boolean isError() { return errorState.get() > 0; } public boolean isErrorReportRequired() { return errorState.get() == 1; } public boolean setErrorReported() { return errorState.compareAndSet(1, 2); } public void resetError() { errorState.set(0); } // -------------------- Methods -------------------- public void reset() throws IllegalStateException { if (committed) { throw new IllegalStateException(); } recycle(); } // -------------------- Headers -------------------- /** * Does the response contain the given header.
* Warning: This method always returns false for Content-Type and Content-Length. * * @param name The name of the header of interest * * @return {@code true} if the response contains the header. */ public boolean containsHeader(String name) { return headers.getHeader(name) != null; } public void setHeader(String name, String value) { char cc = name.charAt(0); if (cc == 'C' || cc == 'c') { if (checkSpecialHeader(name, value)) { return; } } headers.setValue(name).setString(value); } public void addHeader(String name, String value) { addHeader(name, value, null); } public void addHeader(String name, String value, Charset charset) { char cc = name.charAt(0); if (cc == 'C' || cc == 'c') { if (checkSpecialHeader(name, value)) { return; } } MessageBytes mb = headers.addValue(name); if (charset != null) { mb.setCharset(charset); } mb.setString(value); } public void setTrailerFields(Supplier> supplier) { AtomicBoolean trailerFieldsSupported = new AtomicBoolean(false); action(ActionCode.IS_TRAILER_FIELDS_SUPPORTED, trailerFieldsSupported); if (!trailerFieldsSupported.get()) { throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("response.noTrailers.notSupported")); } this.trailerFieldsSupplier = supplier; } public Supplier> getTrailerFields() { return trailerFieldsSupplier; } /** * Set internal fields for special header names. Called from set/addHeader. Return true if the header is special, no * need to set the header. */ private boolean checkSpecialHeader(String name, String value) { // XXX Eliminate redundant fields !!! // ( both header and in special fields ) if (name.equalsIgnoreCase("Content-Type")) { setContentType(value); return true; } if (name.equalsIgnoreCase("Content-Length")) { try { long cL = Long.parseLong(value); setContentLength(cL); return true; } catch (NumberFormatException ex) { // Do nothing - the spec doesn't have any "throws" // and the user might know what they're doing return false; } } return false; } /** * Signal that we're done with the headers, and body will follow. * * @deprecated Unused. Will be removed in Tomcat 11 onwards. Use {@link #commit()}. */ @Deprecated public void sendHeaders() { commit(); } /** * Signal that we're done with the headers, and body will follow. */ public void commit() { action(ActionCode.COMMIT, this); setCommitted(true); } // -------------------- I18N -------------------- public Locale getLocale() { return locale; } /** * Called explicitly by user to set the Content-Language and the default encoding. * * @param locale The locale to use for this response */ public void setLocale(Locale locale) { if (locale == null) { this.locale = null; this.contentLanguage = null; return; } // Save the locale for use by getLocale() this.locale = locale; // Set the contentLanguage for header output contentLanguage = locale.toLanguageTag(); } /** * Return the content language. * * @return The language code for the language currently associated with this response */ public String getContentLanguage() { return contentLanguage; } /** * Overrides the character encoding used in the body of the response. This method must be called prior to writing * output using getWriter(). * * @param characterEncoding The name of character encoding. * * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException If the specified name is not recognised */ public void setCharacterEncoding(String characterEncoding) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { if (isCommitted()) { return; } if (characterEncoding == null) { this.charset = null; this.characterEncoding = null; return; } this.characterEncoding = characterEncoding; this.charset = B2CConverter.getCharset(characterEncoding); } public Charset getCharset() { return charset; } /** * @return The name of the current encoding */ public String getCharacterEncoding() { return characterEncoding; } /** * Sets the content type. This method must preserve any response charset that may already have been set via a call * to response.setContentType(), response.setLocale(), or response.setCharacterEncoding(). * * @param type the content type */ public void setContentType(String type) { if (type == null) { this.contentType = null; return; } MediaType m = null; try { m = MediaType.parseMediaType(new StringReader(type)); } catch (IOException e) { // Ignore - null test below handles this } if (m == null) { // Invalid - Assume no charset and just pass through whatever // the user provided. this.contentType = type; return; } this.contentType = m.toStringNoCharset(); String charsetValue = m.getCharset(); if (charsetValue == null) { // No charset and we know value is valid as parser was successful // Pass-through user provided value in case user-agent is buggy and // requires specific format this.contentType = type; } else { // There is a charset so have to rebuild content-type without it this.contentType = m.toStringNoCharset(); charsetValue = charsetValue.trim(); if (charsetValue.length() > 0) { try { charset = B2CConverter.getCharset(charsetValue); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { log.warn(sm.getString("response.encoding.invalid", charsetValue), e); } } } } public void setContentTypeNoCharset(String type) { this.contentType = type; } public String getContentType() { String ret = contentType; if (ret != null && charset != null) { ret = ret + ";charset=" + characterEncoding; } return ret; } public void setContentLength(long contentLength) { this.contentLength = contentLength; } public int getContentLength() { long length = getContentLengthLong(); if (length < Integer.MAX_VALUE) { return (int) length; } return -1; } public long getContentLengthLong() { return contentLength; } /** * Write a chunk of bytes. * * @param chunk The ByteBuffer to write * * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs during the write */ public void doWrite(ByteBuffer chunk) throws IOException { int len = chunk.remaining(); outputBuffer.doWrite(chunk); contentWritten += len - chunk.remaining(); } // -------------------- public void recycle() { contentType = null; contentLanguage = null; locale = DEFAULT_LOCALE; charset = null; characterEncoding = null; contentLength = -1; status = 200; message = null; committed = false; commitTimeNanos = -1; errorException = null; resetError(); headers.recycle(); trailerFieldsSupplier = null; // Servlet 3.1 non-blocking write listener listener = null; synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) { fireListener = false; registeredForWrite = false; } // update counters contentWritten = 0; } /** * Bytes written by application - i.e. before compression, chunking, etc. * * @return The total number of bytes written to the response by the application. This will not be the number of * bytes written to the network which may be more or less than this value. */ public long getContentWritten() { return contentWritten; } /** * Bytes written to socket - i.e. after compression, chunking, etc. * * @param flush Should any remaining bytes be flushed before returning the total? If {@code false} bytes remaining * in the buffer will not be included in the returned value * * @return The total number of bytes written to the socket for this response */ public long getBytesWritten(boolean flush) { if (flush) { action(ActionCode.CLIENT_FLUSH, this); } return outputBuffer.getBytesWritten(); } /* * State for non-blocking output is maintained here as it is the one point easily reachable from the * CoyoteOutputStream and the Processor which both need access to state. */ volatile WriteListener listener; // Ensures listener is only fired after a call is isReady() private boolean fireListener = false; // Tracks write registration to prevent duplicate registrations private boolean registeredForWrite = false; // Lock used to manage concurrent access to above flags private final Object nonBlockingStateLock = new Object(); public WriteListener getWriteListener() { return listener; } public void setWriteListener(WriteListener listener) { if (listener == null) { throw new NullPointerException(sm.getString("response.nullWriteListener")); } if (getWriteListener() != null) { throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("response.writeListenerSet")); } // Note: This class is not used for HTTP upgrade so only need to test // for async AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false); action(ActionCode.ASYNC_IS_ASYNC, result); if (!result.get()) { throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("response.notAsync")); } this.listener = listener; // The container is responsible for the first call to // listener.onWritePossible(). If isReady() returns true, the container // needs to call listener.onWritePossible() from a new thread. If // isReady() returns false, the socket will be registered for write and // the container will call listener.onWritePossible() once data can be // written. if (isReady()) { synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) { // Ensure we don't get multiple write registrations if // ServletOutputStream.isReady() returns false during a call to // onDataAvailable() registeredForWrite = true; // Need to set the fireListener flag otherwise when the // container tries to trigger onWritePossible, nothing will // happen fireListener = true; } action(ActionCode.DISPATCH_WRITE, null); if (!req.isRequestThread()) { // Not on a container thread so need to execute the dispatch action(ActionCode.DISPATCH_EXECUTE, null); } } } public boolean isReady() { if (listener == null) { if (log.isDebugEnabled()) { log.debug(sm.getString("response.notNonBlocking")); } return false; } // Assume write is not possible boolean ready = false; synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) { if (registeredForWrite) { fireListener = true; return false; } ready = checkRegisterForWrite(); fireListener = !ready; } return ready; } public boolean checkRegisterForWrite() { AtomicBoolean ready = new AtomicBoolean(false); synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) { if (!registeredForWrite) { action(ActionCode.NB_WRITE_INTEREST, ready); registeredForWrite = !ready.get(); } } return ready.get(); } public void onWritePossible() throws IOException { // Any buffered data left over from a previous non-blocking write is // written in the Processor so if this point is reached the app is able // to write data. boolean fire = false; synchronized (nonBlockingStateLock) { registeredForWrite = false; if (fireListener) { fireListener = false; fire = true; } } if (fire) { listener.onWritePossible(); } } }




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