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 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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 *******************************************************************************/

package org.osgi.service.prefs;

/**
 * A node in a hierarchical collection of preference data.
 * 
 * 

* This interface allows applications to store and retrieve user and system * preference data. This data is stored persistently in an * implementation-dependent backing store. Typical implementations include flat * files, OS-specific registries, directory servers and SQL databases. * *

* For each bundle, there is a separate tree of nodes for each user, and one for * system preferences. The precise description of "user" and "system" will vary * from one bundle to another. Typical information stored in the user preference * tree might include font choice, and color choice for a bundle which interacts * with the user via a servlet. Typical information stored in the system * preference tree might include installation data, or things like high score * information for a game program. * *

* Nodes in a preference tree are named in a similar fashion to directories in a * hierarchical file system. Every node in a preference tree has a node name * (which is not necessarily unique), a unique absolute path name , * and a path name relative to each ancestor including itself. * *

* The root node has a node name of the empty {@code String} object (""). Every * other node has an arbitrary node name, specified at the time it is created. * The only restrictions on this name are that it cannot be the empty string, * and it cannot contain the slash character ('/'). * *

* The root node has an absolute path name of {@code "/"}. Children of the root * node have absolute path names of {@code "/" + } <node name> . * All other nodes have absolute path names of <parent's absolute path * name> {@code + "/" + } <node name> . Note that all * absolute path names begin with the slash character. * *

* A node n 's path name relative to its ancestor a is simply the * string that must be appended to a 's absolute path name in order to * form n 's absolute path name, with the initial slash character (if * present) removed. Note that: *

    *
  • No relative path names begin with the slash character.
  • *
  • Every node's path name relative to itself is the empty string.
  • *
  • Every node's path name relative to its parent is its node name (except * for the root node, which does not have a parent).
  • *
  • Every node's path name relative to the root is its absolute path name * with the initial slash character removed.
  • *
* *

* Note finally that: *

    *
  • No path name contains multiple consecutive slash characters.
  • *
  • No path name with the exception of the root's absolute path name end in * the slash character.
  • *
  • Any string that conforms to these two rules is a valid path name.
  • *
* *

* Each {@code Preference} node has zero or more properties associated with it, * where a property consists of a name and a value. The bundle writer is free to * choose any appropriate names for properties. Their values can be of type * {@code String},{@code long},{@code int},{@code boolean}, {@code byte[]}, * {@code float}, or {@code double} but they can always be accessed as if they * were {@code String} objects. * *

* All node name and property name comparisons are case-sensitive. * *

* All of the methods that modify preference data are permitted to operate * asynchronously; they may return immediately, and changes will eventually * propagate to the persistent backing store, with an implementation-dependent * delay. The {@code flush} method may be used to synchronously force updates to * the backing store. * *

* Implementations must automatically attempt to flush to the backing store any * pending updates for a bundle's preferences when the bundle is stopped or * otherwise ungets the Preferences Service. * *

* The methods in this class may be invoked concurrently by multiple threads in * a single Java Virtual Machine (JVM) without the need for external * synchronization, and the results will be equivalent to some serial execution. * If this class is used concurrently by multiple JVMs that store their * preference data in the same backing store, the data store will not be * corrupted, but no other guarantees are made concerning the consistency of the * preference data. * * @noimplement * @author $Id: 0858dc28b93ce3cc5b136cef7420352d8469bbc8 $ */ public interface Preferences { /** * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this node. * * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated. * @param value value to be associated with the specified key. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} or {@code value} is * {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. */ public void put(String key, String value); /** * Returns the value associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. * Returns the specified default if there is no value associated with the * {@code key}, or the backing store is inaccessible. * * @param key key whose associated value is to be returned. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the value associated with {@code key}, or {@code def} if no value * is associated with {@code key}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. (A * {@code null} default is permitted.) */ public String get(String key, String def); /** * Removes the value associated with the specified {@code key} in this node, * if any. * * @param key key whose mapping is to be removed from this node. * @see #get(String,String) * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. */ public void remove(String key); /** * Removes all of the properties (key-value associations) in this node. This * call has no effect on any descendants of this node. * * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #remove(String) */ public void clear() throws BackingStoreException; /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified {@code int} * value with the specified {@code key} in this node. The associated string * is the one that would be returned if the {@code int} value were passed to * {@code Integer.toString(int)}. This method is intended for use in * conjunction with {@link #getInt(String, int)} method. * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the property value * be represented by a {@code String} object in the backing store. If the * backing store supports integer values, it is not unreasonable to use * them. This implementation detail is not visible through the * {@code Preferences} API, which allows the value to be read as an * {@code int} (with {@code getInt} or a {@code String} (with {@code get}) * type. * * @param key key with which the string form of value is to be associated. * @param value {@code value} whose string form is to be associated with * {@code key}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getInt(String,int) */ public void putInt(String key, int value); /** * Returns the {@code int} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * {@code String} object is converted to an {@code int} as by * {@code Integer.parseInt(String)}. Returns the specified default if there * is no value associated with the {@code key}, the backing store is * inaccessible, or if {@code Integer.parseInt(String)} would throw a * {@code NumberFormatException} if the associated {@code value} were * passed. This method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #putInt(String, int)} method. * * @param key key whose associated value is to be returned as an {@code int} * . * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as an {@code int} or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code int} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with {@code key} in this node, or {@code def} if the * associated value does not exist or cannot be interpreted as an * {@code int} type. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #putInt(String,int) * @see #get(String,String) */ public int getInt(String key, int def); /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified * {@code long} value with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * associated {@code String} object is the one that would be returned if the * {@code long} value were passed to {@code Long.toString(long)}. This * method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #getLong(String, long)} method. * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the {@code value} be * represented by a {@code String} type in the backing store. If the backing * store supports {@code long} values, it is not unreasonable to use them. * This implementation detail is not visible through the {@code Preferences} * API, which allows the value to be read as a {@code long} (with * {@code getLong} or a {@code String} (with {@code get}) type. * * @param key {@code key} with which the string form of {@code value} is to * be associated. * @param value {@code value} whose string form is to be associated with * {@code key}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getLong(String,long) */ public void putLong(String key, long value); /** * Returns the {@code long} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * {@code String} object is converted to a {@code long} as by * {@code Long.parseLong(String)}. Returns the specified default if there is * no value associated with the {@code key}, the backing store is * inaccessible, or if {@code Long.parseLong(String)} would throw a * {@code NumberFormatException} if the associated {@code value} were * passed. This method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #putLong(String, long)} method. * * @param key {@code key} whose associated value is to be returned as a * {@code long} value. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as a {@code long} type or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code long} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with {@code key} in this node, or {@code def} if the * associated value does not exist or cannot be interpreted as a * {@code long} type. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #putLong(String,long) * @see #get(String,String) */ public long getLong(String key, long def); /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified * {@code boolean} value with the specified key in this node. The associated * string is "true" if the value is {@code true}, and "false" if it is * {@code false}. This method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #getBoolean(String, boolean)} method. * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the value be * represented by a string in the backing store. If the backing store * supports {@code boolean} values, it is not unreasonable to use them. This * implementation detail is not visible through the {@code Preferences * } API, which * allows the value to be read as a {@code boolean} (with {@code getBoolean} * ) or a {@code String} (with {@code get}) type. * * @param key {@code key} with which the string form of value is to be * associated. * @param value value whose string form is to be associated with {@code key} * . * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getBoolean(String,boolean) * @see #get(String,String) */ public void putBoolean(String key, boolean value); /** * Returns the {@code boolean} value represented by the {@code String} * object associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. Valid * strings are "true", which represents {@code true}, and "false", which * represents {@code false}. Case is ignored, so, for example, "TRUE" and * "False" are also valid. This method is intended for use in conjunction * with the {@link #putBoolean(String, boolean)} method. * *

* Returns the specified default if there is no value associated with the * {@code key}, the backing store is inaccessible, or if the associated * value is something other than "true" or "false", ignoring case. * * @param key {@code key} whose associated value is to be returned as a * {@code boolean}. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as a {@code boolean} or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code boolean} value represented by the {@code String} * object associated with {@code key} in this node, or {@code null} * if the associated value does not exist or cannot be interpreted * as a {@code boolean}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #get(String,String) * @see #putBoolean(String,boolean) */ public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean def); /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified * {@code float} value with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * associated {@code String} object is the one that would be returned if the * {@code float} value were passed to {@code Float.toString(float)}. This * method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #getFloat(String, float)} method. * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the value be * represented by a string in the backing store. If the backing store * supports {@code float} values, it is not unreasonable to use them. This * implementation detail is not visible through the {@code Preferences * } API, which * allows the value to be read as a {@code float} (with {@code getFloat}) or * a {@code String} (with {@code get}) type. * * @param key {@code key} with which the string form of value is to be * associated. * @param value value whose string form is to be associated with {@code key} * . * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getFloat(String,float) */ public void putFloat(String key, float value); /** * Returns the float {@code value} represented by the {@code String} object * associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * {@code String} object is converted to a {@code float} value as by * {@code Float.parseFloat(String)}. Returns the specified default if there * is no value associated with the {@code key}, the backing store is * inaccessible, or if {@code Float.parseFloat(String)} would throw a * {@code NumberFormatException} if the associated value were passed. This * method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #putFloat(String, float)} method. * * @param key {@code key} whose associated value is to be returned as a * {@code float} value. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as a {@code float} type or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code float} value represented by the string associated with * {@code key} in this node, or {@code def} if the associated value * does not exist or cannot be interpreted as a {@code float} type. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @see #putFloat(String,float) * @see #get(String,String) */ public float getFloat(String key, float def); /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified * {@code double} value with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * associated {@code String} object is the one that would be returned if the * {@code double} value were passed to {@code Double.toString(double)}. This * method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #getDouble(String, double)} method * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the value be * represented by a string in the backing store. If the backing store * supports {@code double} values, it is not unreasonable to use them. This * implementation detail is not visible through the {@code Preferences * } API, which * allows the value to be read as a {@code double} (with {@code getDouble}) * or a {@code String} (with {@code get}) type. * * @param key {@code key} with which the string form of value is to be * associated. * @param value value whose string form is to be associated with {@code key} * . * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getDouble(String,double) */ public void putDouble(String key, double value); /** * Returns the {@code double} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * {@code String} object is converted to a {@code double} value as by * {@code Double.parseDouble(String)}. Returns the specified default if * there is no value associated with the {@code key}, the backing store is * inaccessible, or if {@code Double.parseDouble(String)} would throw a * {@code NumberFormatException} if the associated value were passed. This * method is intended for use in conjunction with the {@link #putDouble} * method. * * @param key {@code key} whose associated value is to be returned as a * {@code double} value. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as a {@code double} type or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code double} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with {@code key} in this node, or {@code def} if the * associated value does not exist or cannot be interpreted as a * {@code double} type. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. * @see #putDouble(String,double) * @see #get(String,String) */ public double getDouble(String key, double def); /** * Associates a {@code String} object representing the specified * {@code byte[]} with the specified {@code key} in this node. The * associated {@code String} object the Base64 encoding of the * {@code byte[]}, as defined in RFC 2045 , Section 6.8, * with one minor change: the string will consist solely of characters from * the Base64 Alphabet ; it will not contain any newline characters. * This method is intended for use in conjunction with the * {@link #getByteArray(String, byte[])} method. * *

* Implementor's note: it is not necessary that the value be * represented by a {@code String} type in the backing store. If the backing * store supports {@code byte[]} values, it is not unreasonable to use them. * This implementation detail is not visible through the {@code Preferences} * API, which allows the value to be read as an a {@code byte[]} object * (with {@code getByteArray}) or a {@code String} object (with {@code get} * ). * * @param key {@code key} with which the string form of {@code value} is to * be associated. * @param value {@code value} whose string form is to be associated with * {@code key}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} or {@code value} is * {@code null}. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #getByteArray(String,byte[]) * @see #get(String,String) */ public void putByteArray(String key, byte[] value); /** * Returns the {@code byte[]} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with the specified {@code key} in this node. Valid * {@code String} objects are Base64 encoded binary data, as defined * in RFC 2045 , Section * 6.8, with one minor change: the string must consist solely of characters * from the Base64 Alphabet ; no newline characters or extraneous * characters are permitted. This method is intended for use in conjunction * with the {@link #putByteArray(String, byte[])} method. * *

* Returns the specified default if there is no value associated with the * {@code key}, the backing store is inaccessible, or if the associated * value is not a valid Base64 encoded byte array (as defined above). * * @param key {@code key} whose associated value is to be returned as a * {@code byte[]} object. * @param def the value to be returned in the event that this node has no * value associated with {@code key} or the associated value cannot * be interpreted as a {@code byte[]} type, or the backing store is * inaccessible. * @return the {@code byte[]} value represented by the {@code String} object * associated with {@code key} in this node, or {@code def} if the * associated value does not exist or cannot be interpreted as a * {@code byte[]}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}. (A * {@code null} value for {@code def} is permitted.) * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #get(String,String) * @see #putByteArray(String,byte[]) */ public byte[] getByteArray(String key, byte[] def); /** * Returns all of the keys that have an associated value in this node. (The * returned array will be of size zero if this node has no preferences and * not {@code null}!) * * @return an array of the keys that have an associated value in this node. * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. */ public String[] keys() throws BackingStoreException; /** * Returns the names of the children of this node. (The returned array will * be of size zero if this node has no children and not {@code null}!) * * @return the names of the children of this node. * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. */ public String[] childrenNames() throws BackingStoreException; /** * Returns the parent of this node, or {@code null} if this is the root. * * @return the parent of this node. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. */ public Preferences parent(); /** * Returns a named {@code Preferences} object (node), creating it and any of * its ancestors if they do not already exist. Accepts a relative or * absolute pathname. Absolute pathnames (which begin with {@code '/'}) are * interpreted relative to the root of this node. Relative pathnames (which * begin with any character other than {@code '/'}) are interpreted relative * to this node itself. The empty string ({@code ""}) is a valid relative * pathname, referring to this node itself. * *

* If the returned node did not exist prior to this call, this node and any * ancestors that were created by this call are not guaranteed to become * persistent until the {@code flush} method is called on the returned node * (or one of its descendants). * * @param pathName the path name of the {@code Preferences} object to * return. * @return the specified {@code Preferences} object. * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path name is invalid. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @throws NullPointerException if path name is {@code null}. * @see #flush() */ public Preferences node(String pathName); /** * Returns true if the named node exists. Accepts a relative or absolute * pathname. Absolute pathnames (which begin with {@code '/'}) are * interpreted relative to the root of this node. Relative pathnames (which * begin with any character other than {@code '/'}) are interpreted relative * to this node itself. The pathname {@code ""} is valid, and refers to this * node itself. * *

* If this node (or an ancestor) has already been removed with the * {@link #removeNode()} method, it is legal to invoke this method, * but only with the pathname {@code ""}; the invocation will return * {@code false}. Thus, the idiom {@code p.nodeExists("")} may be used to * test whether {@code p} has been removed. * * @param pathName the path name of the node whose existence is to be * checked. * @return true if the specified node exists. * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method and * {@code pathname} is not the empty string ({@code ""}). * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path name is invalid (i.e., it * contains multiple consecutive slash characters, or ends with a * slash character and is more than one character long). */ public boolean nodeExists(String pathName) throws BackingStoreException; /** * Removes this node and all of its descendants, invalidating any properties * contained in the removed nodes. Once a node has been removed, attempting * any method other than {@code name()},{@code absolutePath()} or * {@code nodeExists("")} on the corresponding {@code Preferences} instance * will fail with an {@code IllegalStateException}. (The methods defined on * {@code Object} can still be invoked on a node after it has been removed; * they will not throw {@code IllegalStateException}.) * *

* The removal is not guaranteed to be persistent until the {@code flush} * method is called on the parent of this node. * * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has already * been removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @see #flush() */ public void removeNode() throws BackingStoreException; /** * Returns this node's name, relative to its parent. * * @return this node's name, relative to its parent. */ public String name(); /** * Returns this node's absolute path name. Note that: *

    *
  • Root node - The path name of the root node is {@code "/"}.
  • *
  • Slash at end - Path names other than that of the root node may not * end in slash ({@code '/'}).
  • *
  • Unusual names -{@code "."} and {@code ".."} have no special * significance in path names.
  • *
  • Illegal names - The only illegal path names are those that contain * multiple consecutive slashes, or that end in slash and are not the root.
  • *
* * @return this node's absolute path name. */ public String absolutePath(); /** * Forces any changes in the contents of this node and its descendants to * the persistent store. * *

* Once this method returns successfully, it is safe to assume that all * changes made in the subtree rooted at this node prior to the method * invocation have become permanent. * *

* Implementations are free to flush changes into the persistent store at * any time. They do not need to wait for this method to be called. * *

* When a flush occurs on a newly created node, it is made persistent, as * are any ancestors (and descendants) that have yet to be made persistent. * Note however that any properties value changes in ancestors are not * guaranteed to be made persistent. * * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #sync() */ public void flush() throws BackingStoreException; /** * Ensures that future reads from this node and its descendants reflect any * changes that were committed to the persistent store (from any VM) prior * to the {@code sync} invocation. As a side-effect, forces any changes in * the contents of this node and its descendants to the persistent store, as * if the {@code flush} method had been invoked on this node. * * @throws BackingStoreException if this operation cannot be completed due * to a failure in the backing store, or inability to communicate * with it. * @throws IllegalStateException if this node (or an ancestor) has been * removed with the {@link #removeNode()} method. * @see #flush() */ public void sync() throws BackingStoreException; }





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