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/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.codec.digest;

import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

import org.apache.commons.codec.Charsets;

/**
 * GNU libc crypt(3) compatible hash method.
 * 

* See {@link #crypt(String, String)} for further details. *

* This class is immutable and thread-safe. * * @since 1.7 */ public class Crypt { /** * Encrypts a password in a crypt(3) compatible way. *

* A random salt and the default algorithm (currently SHA-512) are used. See {@link #crypt(String, String)} for * details. *

*

* A salt is generated for you using {@link ThreadLocalRandom}; for more secure salts consider using * {@link SecureRandom} to generate your own salts and calling {@link #crypt(byte[], String)}. *

* * @param keyBytes * plaintext password * @return hash value * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught. */ public static String crypt(final byte[] keyBytes) { return crypt(keyBytes, null); } /** * Encrypts a password in a crypt(3) compatible way. *

* If no salt is provided, a random salt and the default algorithm (currently SHA-512) will be used. See * {@link #crypt(String, String)} for details. * * @param keyBytes * plaintext password * @param salt * real salt value without prefix or "rounds=". The salt may be null, * in which case a salt is generated for you using {@link ThreadLocalRandom}; * for more secure salts consider using {@link SecureRandom} to * generate your own salts. * @return hash value * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if the salt does not match the allowed pattern * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught. */ public static String crypt(final byte[] keyBytes, final String salt) { if (salt == null) { return Sha2Crypt.sha512Crypt(keyBytes); } else if (salt.startsWith(Sha2Crypt.SHA512_PREFIX)) { return Sha2Crypt.sha512Crypt(keyBytes, salt); } else if (salt.startsWith(Sha2Crypt.SHA256_PREFIX)) { return Sha2Crypt.sha256Crypt(keyBytes, salt); } else if (salt.startsWith(Md5Crypt.MD5_PREFIX)) { return Md5Crypt.md5Crypt(keyBytes, salt); } else { return UnixCrypt.crypt(keyBytes, salt); } } /** * Calculates the digest using the strongest crypt(3) algorithm. *

* A random salt and the default algorithm (currently SHA-512) are used. *

*

* A salt is generated for you using {@link ThreadLocalRandom}; for more secure salts consider using * {@link SecureRandom} to generate your own salts and calling {@link #crypt(String, String)}. *

* * @see #crypt(String, String) * @param key * plaintext password * @return hash value * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught. */ public static String crypt(final String key) { return crypt(key, null); } /** * Encrypts a password in a crypt(3) compatible way. *

* The exact algorithm depends on the format of the salt string: *

    *
  • SHA-512 salts start with {@code $6$} and are up to 16 chars long. *
  • SHA-256 salts start with {@code $5$} and are up to 16 chars long *
  • MD5 salts start with {@code $1$} and are up to 8 chars long *
  • DES, the traditional UnixCrypt algorithm is used with only 2 chars *
  • Only the first 8 chars of the passwords are used in the DES algorithm! *
* The magic strings {@code "$apr1$"} and {@code "$2a$"} are not recognized by this method as its output should be * identical with that of the libc implementation. *

* The rest of the salt string is drawn from the set {@code [a-zA-Z0-9./]} and is cut at the maximum length of if a * {@code "$"} sign is encountered. It is therefore valid to enter a complete hash value as salt to e.g. verify a * password with: * *

     * storedPwd.equals(crypt(enteredPwd, storedPwd))
     * 
*

* The resulting string starts with the marker string ({@code $n$}), where n is the same as the input salt. * The salt is then appended, followed by a {@code "$"} sign. * This is followed by the actual hash value. * For DES the string only contains the salt and actual hash. * The total length is dependent on the algorithm used: *

    *
  • SHA-512: 106 chars *
  • SHA-256: 63 chars *
  • MD5: 34 chars *
  • DES: 13 chars *
*

* Example: * *

     *      crypt("secret", "$1$xxxx") => "$1$xxxx$aMkevjfEIpa35Bh3G4bAc."
     *      crypt("secret", "xx") => "xxWAum7tHdIUw"
     * 
*

* This method comes in a variation that accepts a byte[] array to support input strings that are not encoded in * UTF-8 but e.g. in ISO-8859-1 where equal characters result in different byte values. * * @see "The man page of the libc crypt (3) function." * @param key * plaintext password as entered by the used * @param salt * real salt value without prefix or "rounds=". The salt may be null, in which case a * salt is generated for you using {@link ThreadLocalRandom}; for more secure salts * consider using {@link SecureRandom} to generate your own salts. * @return hash value, i.e. encrypted password including the salt string * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if the salt does not match the allowed pattern * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when a {@link java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException} is caught. * */ public static String crypt(final String key, final String salt) { return crypt(key.getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8), salt); } }





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