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/*
* [The "BSD license"]
* Copyright (c) 2010 Terence Parr
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
package org.antlr.tool;
import org.antlr.analysis.NFAState;
import org.antlr.analysis.RuleClosureTransition;
import org.antlr.analysis.Transition;
import org.antlr.grammar.v3.ANTLRParser;
import org.antlr.runtime.tree.Tree;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
/** Factor out routines that check sanity of rules, alts, grammars, etc.. */
public class GrammarSanity {
/** The checkForLeftRecursion method needs to track what rules it has
* visited to track infinite recursion.
*/
protected Set visitedDuringRecursionCheck = null;
protected Grammar grammar;
public GrammarSanity(Grammar grammar) {
this.grammar = grammar;
}
/** Check all rules for infinite left recursion before analysis. Return list
* of troublesome rule cycles. This method has two side-effects: it notifies
* the error manager that we have problems and it sets the list of
* recursive rules that we should ignore during analysis.
*/
public List> checkAllRulesForLeftRecursion() {
grammar.buildNFA(); // make sure we have NFAs
grammar.leftRecursiveRules = new HashSet();
List> listOfRecursiveCycles = new ArrayList>();
for (int i = 0; i < grammar.composite.ruleIndexToRuleList.size(); i++) {
Rule r = grammar.composite.ruleIndexToRuleList.elementAt(i);
if ( r!=null ) {
visitedDuringRecursionCheck = new HashSet();
visitedDuringRecursionCheck.add(r);
Set visitedStates = new HashSet();
traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion(r.startState,
visitedStates,
listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
}
if ( listOfRecursiveCycles.size()>0 ) {
ErrorManager.leftRecursionCycles(listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
return listOfRecursiveCycles;
}
/** From state s, look for any transition to a rule that is currently
* being traced. When tracing r, visitedDuringRecursionCheck has r
* initially. If you reach an accept state, return but notify the
* invoking rule that it is nullable, which implies that invoking
* rule must look at follow transition for that invoking state.
* The visitedStates tracks visited states within a single rule so
* we can avoid epsilon-loop-induced infinite recursion here. Keep
* filling the cycles in listOfRecursiveCycles and also, as a
* side-effect, set leftRecursiveRules.
*/
protected boolean traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion(NFAState s,
Set visitedStates,
List> listOfRecursiveCycles)
{
if ( s.isAcceptState() ) {
// this rule must be nullable!
// At least one epsilon edge reached accept state
return true;
}
if ( visitedStates.contains(s) ) {
// within same rule, we've hit same state; quit looping
return false;
}
visitedStates.add(s);
boolean stateReachesAcceptState = false;
Transition t0 = s.transition[0];
if ( t0 instanceof RuleClosureTransition ) {
RuleClosureTransition refTrans = (RuleClosureTransition)t0;
Rule refRuleDef = refTrans.rule;
//String targetRuleName = ((NFAState)t0.target).getEnclosingRule();
if ( visitedDuringRecursionCheck.contains(refRuleDef) ) {
// record left-recursive rule, but don't go back in
grammar.leftRecursiveRules.add(refRuleDef);
/*
System.out.println("already visited "+refRuleDef+", calling from "+
s.enclosingRule);
*/
addRulesToCycle(refRuleDef,
s.enclosingRule,
listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
else {
// must visit if not already visited; send new visitedStates set
visitedDuringRecursionCheck.add(refRuleDef);
boolean callReachedAcceptState =
traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion((NFAState)t0.target,
new HashSet(),
listOfRecursiveCycles);
// we're back from visiting that rule
visitedDuringRecursionCheck.remove(refRuleDef);
// must keep going in this rule then
if ( callReachedAcceptState ) {
NFAState followingState =
((RuleClosureTransition) t0).followState;
stateReachesAcceptState |=
traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion(followingState,
visitedStates,
listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
}
}
else if ( t0.label.isEpsilon() || t0.label.isSemanticPredicate() ) {
stateReachesAcceptState |=
traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion((NFAState)t0.target, visitedStates, listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
// else it has a labeled edge
// now do the other transition if it exists
Transition t1 = s.transition[1];
if ( t1!=null ) {
stateReachesAcceptState |=
traceStatesLookingForLeftRecursion((NFAState)t1.target,
visitedStates,
listOfRecursiveCycles);
}
return stateReachesAcceptState;
}
/** enclosingRuleName calls targetRuleName, find the cycle containing
* the target and add the caller. Find the cycle containing the caller
* and add the target. If no cycles contain either, then create a new
* cycle. listOfRecursiveCycles is List<Set<String>> that holds a list
* of cycles (sets of rule names).
*/
protected void addRulesToCycle(Rule targetRule,
Rule enclosingRule,
List> listOfRecursiveCycles)
{
boolean foundCycle = false;
for (int i = 0; i < listOfRecursiveCycles.size(); i++) {
Set rulesInCycle = listOfRecursiveCycles.get(i);
// ensure both rules are in same cycle
if ( rulesInCycle.contains(targetRule) ) {
rulesInCycle.add(enclosingRule);
foundCycle = true;
}
if ( rulesInCycle.contains(enclosingRule) ) {
rulesInCycle.add(targetRule);
foundCycle = true;
}
}
if ( !foundCycle ) {
Set cycle = new HashSet();
cycle.add(targetRule);
cycle.add(enclosingRule);
listOfRecursiveCycles.add(cycle);
}
}
public void checkRuleReference(GrammarAST scopeAST,
GrammarAST refAST,
GrammarAST argsAST,
String currentRuleName)
{
Rule r = grammar.getRule(refAST.getText());
if ( refAST.getType()==ANTLRParser.RULE_REF ) {
if ( argsAST!=null ) {
// rule[args]; ref has args
if ( r!=null && r.argActionAST==null ) {
// but rule def has no args
ErrorManager.grammarError(
ErrorManager.MSG_RULE_HAS_NO_ARGS,
grammar,
argsAST.getToken(),
r.name);
}
}
else {
// rule ref has no args
if ( r!=null && r.argActionAST!=null ) {
// but rule def has args
ErrorManager.grammarError(
ErrorManager.MSG_MISSING_RULE_ARGS,
grammar,
refAST.getToken(),
r.name);
}
}
}
else if ( refAST.getType()==ANTLRParser.TOKEN_REF ) {
if ( grammar.type!=Grammar.LEXER ) {
if ( argsAST!=null ) {
// args on a token ref not in a lexer rule
ErrorManager.grammarError(
ErrorManager.MSG_ARGS_ON_TOKEN_REF,
grammar,
refAST.getToken(),
refAST.getText());
}
return; // ignore token refs in nonlexers
}
if ( argsAST!=null ) {
// tokenRef[args]; ref has args
if ( r!=null && r.argActionAST==null ) {
// but token rule def has no args
ErrorManager.grammarError(
ErrorManager.MSG_RULE_HAS_NO_ARGS,
grammar,
argsAST.getToken(),
r.name);
}
}
else {
// token ref has no args
if ( r!=null && r.argActionAST!=null ) {
// but token rule def has args
ErrorManager.grammarError(
ErrorManager.MSG_MISSING_RULE_ARGS,
grammar,
refAST.getToken(),
r.name);
}
}
}
}
/** Rules in tree grammar that use -> rewrites and are spitting out
* templates via output=template and then use rewrite=true must only
* use -> on alts that are simple nodes or trees or single rule refs
* that match either nodes or trees. The altAST is the ALT node
* for an ALT. Verify that its first child is simple. Must be either
* ( ALT ^( A B ) <end-of-alt> ) or ( ALT A <end-of-alt> ) or
* other element.
*
* Ignore predicates in front and labels.
*/
public void ensureAltIsSimpleNodeOrTree(GrammarAST altAST,
GrammarAST elementAST,
int outerAltNum)
{
if ( isValidSimpleElementNode(elementAST) ) {
GrammarAST next = elementAST.getNextSibling();
if ( !isNextNonActionElementEOA(next)) {
ErrorManager.grammarWarning(ErrorManager.MSG_REWRITE_FOR_MULTI_ELEMENT_ALT,
grammar,
next.token,
outerAltNum);
}
return;
}
switch ( elementAST.getType() ) {
case ANTLRParser.ASSIGN : // labels ok on non-rule refs
case ANTLRParser.PLUS_ASSIGN :
if ( isValidSimpleElementNode(elementAST.getChild(1)) ) {
return;
}
break;
case ANTLRParser.ACTION : // skip past actions
case ANTLRParser.SEMPRED :
case ANTLRParser.SYN_SEMPRED :
case ANTLRParser.BACKTRACK_SEMPRED :
case ANTLRParser.GATED_SEMPRED :
ensureAltIsSimpleNodeOrTree(altAST,
elementAST.getNextSibling(),
outerAltNum);
return;
}
ErrorManager.grammarWarning(ErrorManager.MSG_REWRITE_FOR_MULTI_ELEMENT_ALT,
grammar,
elementAST.token,
outerAltNum);
}
protected boolean isValidSimpleElementNode(Tree t) {
switch ( t.getType() ) {
case ANTLRParser.TREE_BEGIN :
case ANTLRParser.TOKEN_REF :
case ANTLRParser.CHAR_LITERAL :
case ANTLRParser.STRING_LITERAL :
case ANTLRParser.WILDCARD :
return true;
default :
return false;
}
}
protected boolean isNextNonActionElementEOA(GrammarAST t) {
while ( t.getType()==ANTLRParser.ACTION ||
t.getType()==ANTLRParser.SEMPRED )
{
t = t.getNextSibling();
}
if ( t.getType()==ANTLRParser.EOA ) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}