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package org.codehaus.jackson.map.ser;

import java.util.*;

import org.codehaus.jackson.map.*;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.introspect.*;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.jsontype.NamedType;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.jsontype.TypeResolverBuilder;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ser.std.MapSerializer;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.type.*;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.util.ArrayBuilders;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.util.ClassUtil;
import org.codehaus.jackson.type.JavaType;
 
/**
 * Factory class that can provide serializers for any regular Java beans
 * (as defined by "having at least one get method recognizable as bean
 * accessor" -- where {@link Object#getClass} does not count);
 * as well as for "standard" JDK types. Latter is achieved
 * by delegating calls to {@link BasicSerializerFactory} 
 * to find serializers both for "standard" JDK types (and in some cases,
 * sub-classes as is the case for collection classes like
 * {@link java.util.List}s and {@link java.util.Map}s) and bean (value)
 * classes.
 *

* Note about delegating calls to {@link BasicSerializerFactory}: * although it would be nicer to use linear delegation * for construction (to essentially dispatch all calls first to the * underlying {@link BasicSerializerFactory}; or alternatively after * failing to provide bean-based serializer}, there is a problem: * priority levels for detecting standard types are mixed. That is, * we want to check if a type is a bean after some of "standard" JDK * types, but before the rest. * As a result, "mixed" delegation used, and calls are NOT done using * regular {@link SerializerFactory} interface but rather via * direct calls to {@link BasicSerializerFactory}. *

* Finally, since all caching is handled by the serializer provider * (not factory) and there is no configurability, this * factory is stateless. * This means that a global singleton instance can be used. *

* Notes for version 1.7 (and above): the new module registration system * required addition of {@link #withConfig}, which has to * be redefined by sub-classes so that they can work properly with * pluggable additional serializer providing components. */ public class BeanSerializerFactory extends BasicSerializerFactory { /** * Like {@link BasicSerializerFactory}, this factory is stateless, and * thus a single shared global (== singleton) instance can be used * without thread-safety issues. */ public final static BeanSerializerFactory instance = new BeanSerializerFactory(null); /** * Configuration settings for this factory; immutable instance (just like this * factory), new version created via copy-constructor (fluent-style) * * @since 1.7 */ protected final Config _factoryConfig; /* /********************************************************** /* Config class implementation /********************************************************** */ /** * Configuration settings container class for bean serializer factory * * @since 1.7 */ public static class ConfigImpl extends Config { /** * Constant for empty Serializers array (which by definition * is stateless and reusable) */ protected final static Serializers[] NO_SERIALIZERS = new Serializers[0]; protected final static BeanSerializerModifier[] NO_MODIFIERS = new BeanSerializerModifier[0]; /** * List of providers for additional serializers, checked before considering default * basic or bean serialializers. * * @since 1.7 */ protected final Serializers[] _additionalSerializers; /** * @since 1.8 */ protected final Serializers[] _additionalKeySerializers; /** * List of modifiers that can change the way {@link BeanSerializer} instances * are configured and constructed. */ protected final BeanSerializerModifier[] _modifiers; public ConfigImpl() { this(null, null, null); } protected ConfigImpl(Serializers[] allAdditionalSerializers, Serializers[] allAdditionalKeySerializers, BeanSerializerModifier[] modifiers) { _additionalSerializers = (allAdditionalSerializers == null) ? NO_SERIALIZERS : allAdditionalSerializers; _additionalKeySerializers = (allAdditionalKeySerializers == null) ? NO_SERIALIZERS : allAdditionalKeySerializers; _modifiers = (modifiers == null) ? NO_MODIFIERS : modifiers; } @Override public Config withAdditionalSerializers(Serializers additional) { if (additional == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not pass null Serializers"); } Serializers[] all = ArrayBuilders.insertInListNoDup(_additionalSerializers, additional); return new ConfigImpl(all, _additionalKeySerializers, _modifiers); } @Override public Config withAdditionalKeySerializers(Serializers additional) { if (additional == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not pass null Serializers"); } Serializers[] all = ArrayBuilders.insertInListNoDup(_additionalKeySerializers, additional); return new ConfigImpl(_additionalSerializers, all, _modifiers); } @Override public Config withSerializerModifier(BeanSerializerModifier modifier) { if (modifier == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not pass null modifier"); } BeanSerializerModifier[] modifiers = ArrayBuilders.insertInListNoDup(_modifiers, modifier); return new ConfigImpl(_additionalSerializers, _additionalKeySerializers, modifiers); } @Override public boolean hasSerializers() { return _additionalSerializers.length > 0; } @Override public boolean hasKeySerializers() { return _additionalKeySerializers.length > 0; } @Override public boolean hasSerializerModifiers() { return _modifiers.length > 0; } @Override public Iterable serializers() { return ArrayBuilders.arrayAsIterable(_additionalSerializers); } @Override public Iterable keySerializers() { return ArrayBuilders.arrayAsIterable(_additionalKeySerializers); } @Override public Iterable serializerModifiers() { return ArrayBuilders.arrayAsIterable(_modifiers); } } /* /********************************************************** /* Life-cycle: creation, configuration /********************************************************** */ /** * Constructor for creating instances with specified configuration. */ protected BeanSerializerFactory(Config config) { if (config == null) { config = new ConfigImpl(); } _factoryConfig = config; } @Override public Config getConfig() { return _factoryConfig; } /** * Method used by module registration functionality, to attach additional * serializer providers into this serializer factory. This is typically * handled by constructing a new instance with additional serializers, * to ensure thread-safe access. * * @since 1.7 */ @Override public SerializerFactory withConfig(Config config) { if (_factoryConfig == config) { return this; } /* 22-Nov-2010, tatu: Handling of subtypes is tricky if we do immutable-with-copy-ctor; * and we pretty much have to here either choose between losing subtype instance * when registering additional serializers, or losing serializers. * Instead, let's actually just throw an error if this method is called when subtype * has not properly overridden this method; this to indicate problem as soon as possible. */ if (getClass() != BeanSerializerFactory.class) { throw new IllegalStateException("Subtype of BeanSerializerFactory ("+getClass().getName() +") has not properly overridden method 'withAdditionalSerializers': can not instantiate subtype with " +"additional serializer definitions"); } return new BeanSerializerFactory(config); } @Override protected Iterable customSerializers() { return _factoryConfig.serializers(); } /* /********************************************************** /* SerializerFactory impl /********************************************************** */ /** * Main serializer constructor method. We will have to be careful * with respect to ordering of various method calls: essentially * we want to reliably figure out which classes are standard types, * and which are beans. The problem is that some bean Classes may * implement standard interfaces (say, {@link java.lang.Iterable}. *

* Note: sub-classes may choose to complete replace implementation, * if they want to alter priority of serializer lookups. */ @Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public JsonSerializer createSerializer(SerializationConfig config, JavaType origType, BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException { // Very first thing, let's check if there is explicit serializer annotation: BasicBeanDescription beanDesc = config.introspect(origType); JsonSerializer ser = findSerializerFromAnnotation(config, beanDesc.getClassInfo(), property); if (ser != null) { return (JsonSerializer) ser; } // Next: we may have annotations that further define types to use... JavaType type = modifyTypeByAnnotation(config, beanDesc.getClassInfo(), origType); // and if so, we consider it implicit "force static typing" instruction boolean staticTyping = (type != origType); // Container types differ from non-container types: if (origType.isContainerType()) { return (JsonSerializer) buildContainerSerializer(config, type, beanDesc, property, staticTyping); } // Modules may provide serializers of all types: for (Serializers serializers : _factoryConfig.serializers()) { ser = serializers.findSerializer(config, type, beanDesc, property); if (ser != null) { return (JsonSerializer) ser; } } /* Otherwise, we will check "primary types"; both marker types that * indicate specific handling (JsonSerializable), or main types that have * precedence over container types */ ser = findSerializerByLookup(type, config, beanDesc, property, staticTyping); if (ser == null) { ser = findSerializerByPrimaryType(type, config, beanDesc, property, staticTyping); if (ser == null) { /* And this is where this class comes in: if type is not a * known "primary JDK type", perhaps it's a bean? We can still * get a null, if we can't find a single suitable bean property. */ ser = findBeanSerializer(config, type, beanDesc, property); /* Finally: maybe we can still deal with it as an * implementation of some basic JDK interface? */ if (ser == null) { ser = findSerializerByAddonType(config, type, beanDesc, property, staticTyping); } } } return (JsonSerializer) ser; } @Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public JsonSerializer createKeySerializer(SerializationConfig config, JavaType type, BeanProperty property) { // Minor optimization: to avoid constructing beanDesc, bail out if none registered if (!_factoryConfig.hasKeySerializers()) { return null; } // We should not need any member method info; at most class annotations for Map type BasicBeanDescription beanDesc = config.introspectClassAnnotations(type.getRawClass()); JsonSerializer ser = null; // Only thing we have here are module-provided key serializers: for (Serializers serializers : _factoryConfig.keySerializers()) { ser = serializers.findSerializer(config, type, beanDesc, property); if (ser != null) { break; } } return (JsonSerializer) ser; } /* /********************************************************** /* Other public methods that are not part of /* JsonSerializerFactory API /********************************************************** */ /** * Method that will try to construct a {@link BeanSerializer} for * given class. Returns null if no properties are found. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public JsonSerializer findBeanSerializer(SerializationConfig config, JavaType type, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException { // First things first: we know some types are not beans... if (!isPotentialBeanType(type.getRawClass())) { return null; } JsonSerializer serializer = constructBeanSerializer(config, beanDesc, property); // [JACKSON-440] Need to allow overriding actual serializer, as well... if (_factoryConfig.hasSerializerModifiers()) { for (BeanSerializerModifier mod : _factoryConfig.serializerModifiers()) { serializer = (JsonSerializer)mod.modifySerializer(config, beanDesc, serializer); } } return serializer; } /** * Method called to create a type information serializer for values of given * non-container property * if one is needed. If not needed (no polymorphic handling configured), should * return null. * * @param baseType Declared type to use as the base type for type information serializer * * @return Type serializer to use for property values, if one is needed; null if not. * * @since 1.5 */ public TypeSerializer findPropertyTypeSerializer(JavaType baseType, SerializationConfig config, AnnotatedMember accessor, BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException { AnnotationIntrospector ai = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); TypeResolverBuilder b = ai.findPropertyTypeResolver(config, accessor, baseType); // Defaulting: if no annotations on member, check value class if (b == null) { return createTypeSerializer(config, baseType, property); } Collection subtypes = config.getSubtypeResolver().collectAndResolveSubtypes(accessor, config, ai); return b.buildTypeSerializer(config, baseType, subtypes, property); } /** * Method called to create a type information serializer for values of given * container property * if one is needed. If not needed (no polymorphic handling configured), should * return null. * * @param containerType Declared type of the container to use as the base type for type information serializer * * @return Type serializer to use for property value contents, if one is needed; null if not. * * @since 1.5 */ public TypeSerializer findPropertyContentTypeSerializer(JavaType containerType, SerializationConfig config, AnnotatedMember accessor, BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException { JavaType contentType = containerType.getContentType(); AnnotationIntrospector ai = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); TypeResolverBuilder b = ai.findPropertyContentTypeResolver(config, accessor, containerType); // Defaulting: if no annotations on member, check value class if (b == null) { return createTypeSerializer(config, contentType, property); } Collection subtypes = config.getSubtypeResolver().collectAndResolveSubtypes(accessor, config, ai); return b.buildTypeSerializer(config, contentType, subtypes, property); } /* /********************************************************** /* Overridable non-public factory methods /********************************************************** */ /** * Method called to construct serializer for serializing specified bean type. * * @since 1.6 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") protected JsonSerializer constructBeanSerializer(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, BeanProperty property) throws JsonMappingException { // 13-Oct-2010, tatu: quick sanity check: never try to create bean serializer for plain Object if (beanDesc.getBeanClass() == Object.class) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not create bean serializer for Object.class"); } BeanSerializerBuilder builder = constructBeanSerializerBuilder(beanDesc); // First: any detectable (auto-detect, annotations) properties to serialize? List props = findBeanProperties(config, beanDesc); if (props == null) { props = new ArrayList(); } // [JACKSON-440] Need to allow modification bean properties to serialize: if (_factoryConfig.hasSerializerModifiers()) { for (BeanSerializerModifier mod : _factoryConfig.serializerModifiers()) { props = mod.changeProperties(config, beanDesc, props); } } // Any properties to suppress? props = filterBeanProperties(config, beanDesc, props); // Do they need to be sorted in some special way? props = sortBeanProperties(config, beanDesc, props); // [JACKSON-440] Need to allow reordering of properties to serialize if (_factoryConfig.hasSerializerModifiers()) { for (BeanSerializerModifier mod : _factoryConfig.serializerModifiers()) { props = mod.orderProperties(config, beanDesc, props); } } builder.setProperties(props); builder.setFilterId(findFilterId(config, beanDesc)); AnnotatedMethod anyGetter = beanDesc.findAnyGetter(); if (anyGetter != null) { // since 1.6 if (config.isEnabled(SerializationConfig.Feature.CAN_OVERRIDE_ACCESS_MODIFIERS)) { anyGetter.fixAccess(); } JavaType type = anyGetter.getType(beanDesc.bindingsForBeanType()); // copied from BasicSerializerFactory.buildMapSerializer(): boolean staticTyping = config.isEnabled(SerializationConfig.Feature.USE_STATIC_TYPING); JavaType valueType = type.getContentType(); TypeSerializer typeSer = createTypeSerializer(config, valueType, property); // last 2 nulls; don't know key, value serializers (yet) MapSerializer mapSer = MapSerializer.construct(/* ignored props*/ null, type, staticTyping, typeSer, property, null, null); builder.setAnyGetter(new AnyGetterWriter(anyGetter, mapSer)); } // One more thing: need to gather view information, if any: processViews(config, builder); // And maybe let interested parties mess with the result bit more... if (_factoryConfig.hasSerializerModifiers()) { for (BeanSerializerModifier mod : _factoryConfig.serializerModifiers()) { builder = mod.updateBuilder(config, beanDesc, builder); } } JsonSerializer ser = (JsonSerializer) builder.build(); /* However, after all modifications: no properties, no serializer * (note; as per [JACKSON-670], check was moved later on from an earlier location) */ if (ser == null) { /* 27-Nov-2009, tatu: Except that as per [JACKSON-201], we are * ok with that as long as it has a recognized class annotation * (which may come from a mix-in too) */ if (beanDesc.hasKnownClassAnnotations()) { return builder.createDummy(); } } return ser; } /** * Method called to construct a filtered writer, for given view * definitions. Default implementation constructs filter that checks * active view type to views property is to be included in. */ protected BeanPropertyWriter constructFilteredBeanWriter(BeanPropertyWriter writer, Class[] inViews) { return FilteredBeanPropertyWriter.constructViewBased(writer, inViews); } protected PropertyBuilder constructPropertyBuilder(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc) { return new PropertyBuilder(config, beanDesc); } protected BeanSerializerBuilder constructBeanSerializerBuilder(BasicBeanDescription beanDesc) { return new BeanSerializerBuilder(beanDesc); } /** * Method called to find filter that is configured to be used with bean * serializer being built, if any. * * @since 1.7 */ protected Object findFilterId(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc) { return config.getAnnotationIntrospector().findFilterId(beanDesc.getClassInfo()); } /* /********************************************************** /* Overridable non-public introspection methods /********************************************************** */ /** * Helper method used to skip processing for types that we know * can not be (i.e. are never consider to be) beans: * things like primitives, Arrays, Enums, and proxy types. *

* Note that usually we shouldn't really be getting these sort of * types anyway; but better safe than sorry. */ protected boolean isPotentialBeanType(Class type) { return (ClassUtil.canBeABeanType(type) == null) && !ClassUtil.isProxyType(type); } /** * Method used to collect all actual serializable properties. * Can be overridden to implement custom detection schemes. */ protected List findBeanProperties(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc) throws JsonMappingException { List properties = beanDesc.findProperties(); AnnotationIntrospector intr = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); // [JACKSON-429]: ignore specified types removeIgnorableTypes(config, beanDesc, properties); // and possible remove ones without matching mutator... if (config.isEnabled(SerializationConfig.Feature.REQUIRE_SETTERS_FOR_GETTERS)) { removeSetterlessGetters(config, beanDesc, properties); } // nothing? can't proceed (caller may or may not throw an exception) if (properties.isEmpty()) { return null; } // null is for value type serializer, which we don't have access to from here (ditto for bean prop) boolean staticTyping = usesStaticTyping(config, beanDesc, null, null); PropertyBuilder pb = constructPropertyBuilder(config, beanDesc); ArrayList result = new ArrayList(properties.size()); TypeBindings typeBind = beanDesc.bindingsForBeanType(); // [JACKSON-98]: start with field properties, if any for (BeanPropertyDefinition property : properties) { AnnotatedMember accessor = property.getAccessor(); // [JACKSON-235]: suppress writing of back references AnnotationIntrospector.ReferenceProperty prop = intr.findReferenceType(accessor); if (prop != null && prop.isBackReference()) { continue; } String name = property.getName(); if (accessor instanceof AnnotatedMethod) { result.add(_constructWriter(config, typeBind, pb, staticTyping, name, (AnnotatedMethod) accessor)); } else { result.add(_constructWriter(config, typeBind, pb, staticTyping, name, (AnnotatedField) accessor)); } } return result; } /* /********************************************************** /* Overridable non-public methods for manipulating bean properties /********************************************************** */ /** * Overridable method that can filter out properties. Default implementation * checks annotations class may have. */ protected List filterBeanProperties(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, List props) { AnnotationIntrospector intr = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); AnnotatedClass ac = beanDesc.getClassInfo(); String[] ignored = intr.findPropertiesToIgnore(ac); if (ignored != null && ignored.length > 0) { HashSet ignoredSet = ArrayBuilders.arrayToSet(ignored); Iterator it = props.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { if (ignoredSet.contains(it.next().getName())) { it.remove(); } } } return props; } /** * Overridable method that will impose given partial ordering on * list of discovered propertied. Method can be overridden to * provide custom ordering of properties, beyond configurability * offered by annotations (whic allow alphabetic ordering, as * well as explicit ordering by providing array of property names). *

* By default Creator properties will be ordered before other * properties. Explicit custom ordering will override this implicit * default ordering. */ /** * Method that used to be called (pre-1.9) to impose configured * ordering on list of discovered properties. * With 1.9 it is not needed any more as ordering is done earlier. * * @deprecated Since 1.9 this method does nothing, so there is no * benefit from overriding it; it will be removed from 2.0. */ @Deprecated protected List sortBeanProperties(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, List props) { return props; } /** * Method called to handle view information for constructed serializer, * based on bean property writers. *

* Note that this method is designed to be overridden by sub-classes * if they want to provide custom view handling. As such it is not * considered an internal implementation detail, and will be supported * as part of API going forward. *

* NOTE: signature of this method changed in 1.7, due to other significant * changes (esp. use of builder for serializer construction). */ protected void processViews(SerializationConfig config, BeanSerializerBuilder builder) { // [JACKSON-232]: whether non-annotated fields are included by default or not is configurable List props = builder.getProperties(); boolean includeByDefault = config.isEnabled(SerializationConfig.Feature.DEFAULT_VIEW_INCLUSION); final int propCount = props.size(); int viewsFound = 0; BeanPropertyWriter[] filtered = new BeanPropertyWriter[propCount]; // Simple: view information is stored within individual writers, need to combine: for (int i = 0; i < propCount; ++i) { BeanPropertyWriter bpw = props.get(i); Class[] views = bpw.getViews(); if (views == null) { // no view info? include or exclude by default? if (includeByDefault) { filtered[i] = bpw; } } else { ++viewsFound; filtered[i] = constructFilteredBeanWriter(bpw, views); } } // minor optimization: if no view info, include-by-default, can leave out filtering info altogether: if (includeByDefault && viewsFound == 0) { return; } builder.setFilteredProperties(filtered); } /** * Method that will apply by-type limitations (as per [JACKSON-429]); * by default this is based on {@link org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonIgnoreType} annotation but * can be supplied by module-provided introspectors too. */ protected void removeIgnorableTypes(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, List properties) { AnnotationIntrospector intr = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); HashMap,Boolean> ignores = new HashMap,Boolean>(); Iterator it = properties.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { BeanPropertyDefinition property = it.next(); AnnotatedMember accessor = property.getAccessor(); if (accessor == null) { it.remove(); continue; } Class type = accessor.getRawType(); Boolean result = ignores.get(type); if (result == null) { BasicBeanDescription desc = config.introspectClassAnnotations(type); AnnotatedClass ac = desc.getClassInfo(); result = intr.isIgnorableType(ac); // default to false, non-ignorable if (result == null) { result = Boolean.FALSE; } ignores.put(type, result); } // lotsa work, and yes, it is ignorable type, so: if (result.booleanValue()) { it.remove(); } } } /** * Helper method that will remove all properties that do not have a * mutator. * * @since 1.9 */ protected void removeSetterlessGetters(SerializationConfig config, BasicBeanDescription beanDesc, List properties) { Iterator it = properties.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { BeanPropertyDefinition property = it.next(); if (!property.couldDeserialize()) { it.remove(); } } } /* /********************************************************** /* Internal helper methods /********************************************************** */ /** * Secondary helper method for constructing {@link BeanPropertyWriter} for * given member (field or method). */ protected BeanPropertyWriter _constructWriter(SerializationConfig config, TypeBindings typeContext, PropertyBuilder pb, boolean staticTyping, String name, AnnotatedMember accessor) throws JsonMappingException { if (config.isEnabled(SerializationConfig.Feature.CAN_OVERRIDE_ACCESS_MODIFIERS)) { accessor.fixAccess(); } JavaType type = accessor.getType(typeContext); BeanProperty.Std property = new BeanProperty.Std(name, type, pb.getClassAnnotations(), accessor); // Does member specify a serializer? If so, let's use it. JsonSerializer annotatedSerializer = findSerializerFromAnnotation(config, accessor, property); // And how about polymorphic typing? First special to cover JAXB per-field settings: TypeSerializer contentTypeSer = null; if (ClassUtil.isCollectionMapOrArray(type.getRawClass())) { contentTypeSer = findPropertyContentTypeSerializer(type, config, accessor, property); } // and if not JAXB collection/array with annotations, maybe regular type info? TypeSerializer typeSer = findPropertyTypeSerializer(type, config, accessor, property); BeanPropertyWriter pbw = pb.buildWriter(name, type, annotatedSerializer, typeSer, contentTypeSer, accessor, staticTyping); // how about views? (1.4+) AnnotationIntrospector intr = config.getAnnotationIntrospector(); pbw.setViews(intr.findSerializationViews(accessor)); return pbw; } }