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/*
* This file is part of choco-solver, http://choco-solver.org/
*
* Copyright (c) 2023, IMT Atlantique. All rights reserved.
*
* Licensed under the BSD 4-clause license.
*
* See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
*/
package org.chocosolver.solver.learn;
import org.chocosolver.solver.ICause;
import org.chocosolver.solver.Model;
import org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.Propagator;
import org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.nary.clauses.ClauseBuilder;
import org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.nary.clauses.ClauseStore;
import org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.nary.clauses.PropSignedClause;
import org.chocosolver.solver.exception.ContradictionException;
import org.chocosolver.solver.exception.SolverException;
import org.chocosolver.solver.search.strategy.assignments.DecisionOperatorFactory;
import org.chocosolver.solver.search.strategy.decision.DecisionPath;
import org.chocosolver.solver.search.strategy.decision.IntDecision;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.BoolVar;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.IntVar;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.events.IntEventType;
import org.chocosolver.util.PoolManager;
import org.chocosolver.util.objects.ValueSortedMap;
import org.chocosolver.util.objects.setDataStructures.iterable.IntIterableRangeSet;
import java.util.HashSet;
/**
* An implementation of {@link IExplanation} dedicated to learn signed clauses
*
*
*
* Project: choco-solver.
*
* @author Charles Prud'homme
* @since 27/01/2017.
*/
public class ExplanationForSignedClause extends IExplanation {
/**
* Conflicting nodes
*/
private final ValueSortedMap front;
/**
* Literals that explains the conflict
*/
private final HashSet literals;
/**
* The decision to refute (ie, point to jump to wrt the current decision path).
*
* @implSpec 0 represents the ROOT node,
* any value greater than the decision path is ignored,
* otherwise it represents the decision to refute in the decision path.
*/
private int assertLevel = 0;
/**
* The implication graph
*/
private final Implications mIG;
private final PoolManager manager;
public ExplanationForSignedClause(Implications ig) {
front = new ValueSortedMap<>();
literals = new HashSet<>();
manager = new PoolManager<>();
mIG = ig;
}
/**
* @implSpec The
*/
@Override
public void extractConstraint(Model mModel, ClauseStore ngstore) {
ClauseBuilder ngb = mModel.getClauseBuilder();
literals.forEach(v -> ngb.put(v, v.getLit().export())); // TODO : improve
ngb.buildNogood(mModel);
}
@Override
public void recycle() {
front.clear();
literals.forEach(IntVar::flushLit);
literals.clear();
assertLevel = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
public void learnSolution(DecisionPath path) {
recycle();
if (path.size() > 1) { // skip solution at ROOT node
int i = path.size() - 1;
IntDecision dec = (IntDecision) path.getDecision(i);
// skip refuted bottom decisions
while (i > 1 /*0 is ROOT */ && !dec.hasNext() && dec.getArity() > 1) {
dec = (IntDecision) path.getDecision(--i);
}
// build a 'fake' explanation that is able to refute the right decision
for (; i > 0 /*0 is ROOT */ ; i--) {
dec = (IntDecision) path.getDecision(i);
IntIterableRangeSet dom = null;
IntVar var = dec.getDecisionVariable();
if (dec.getDecOp().equals(DecisionOperatorFactory.makeIntEq())) {
if (dec.hasNext() || dec.getArity() == 1) {
dom = universe();
dom.remove(dec.getDecisionValue());
} else {
dom = empty();
dom.add(dec.getDecisionValue());
}
} else if (dec.getDecOp().equals(DecisionOperatorFactory.makeIntNeq())) {
if (dec.hasNext() || dec.getArity() == 1) {
dom = empty();
dom.add(dec.getDecisionValue());
} else {
dom = universe();
dom.remove(dec.getDecisionValue());
}
} else if (dec.getDecOp().equals(DecisionOperatorFactory.makeIntSplit())) { // <=
dom = universe();
if (dec.hasNext() || dec.getArity() == 1) {
dom.retainBetween(dec.getDecisionValue() + 1, IntIterableRangeSet.MAX);
} else {
dom.retainBetween(IntIterableRangeSet.MIN, dec.getDecisionValue());
}
} else if (dec.getDecOp().equals(DecisionOperatorFactory.makeIntReverseSplit())) { // >=
dom = universe();
if (dec.hasNext() || dec.getArity() == 1) {
dom.retainBetween(IntIterableRangeSet.MIN, dec.getDecisionValue() - 1);
} else {
dom.retainBetween(dec.getDecisionValue(), IntIterableRangeSet.MAX);
}
}
var.unionLit(dom, this);
}
}
}
/**
* From a given conflict, defined by cex and the current implication graph mIG,
* this method will compute the signed clause inferred from the conflict.
* A call to {@link #extractConstraint(Model, ClauseStore)} will return the computed result.
*
* @param cex the conflict
*/
public void learnSignedClause(ContradictionException cex) {
recycle();
if (XParameters.PROOF) System.out.print("<-----");
initFront(cex);
loop();
if (XParameters.PROOF) System.out.print(">\n");
}
private void initFront(ContradictionException cex) {
mIG.collectNodesFromConflict(cex, front);
// deal with global conflict
if (cex.v == null) {
if (Propagator.class.isAssignableFrom(cex.c.getClass())) {
if (XParameters.PROOF) {
System.out.printf("\nCstr: %s\n", cex.c);
System.out.print("Pivot: none\n");
}
explain(cex.c, -1);
} else {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
}
private void loop() {
int current;
do {
current = front.pollLastValue();
mIG.predecessorsOf(current, front);
if (XParameters.PROOF) {
System.out.printf("\nCstr: %s\n", mIG.getCauseAt(current));
System.out.printf("Pivot: %s = %s\n", mIG.getIntVarAt(current).getName(),
mIG.getDomainAt(current));
}
explain(mIG.getCauseAt(current), current);
if (XParameters.PROOF) {
System.out.print("Expl: {");
literals.stream()
//.sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(Identity::getId))
.forEach(v -> System.out.printf("%s ∈ %s,", v, v.getLit()));
System.out.print("}\n-----");
}
// filter irrelevant nodes
relax();
} while (!stop());
}
private void explain(ICause cause, int p) {
if (p == -1 ||
XParameters.DEFAULT_X
&& Propagator.class.isAssignableFrom(cause.getClass())
&& !PropSignedClause.class.isAssignableFrom(cause.getClass())
&& !ClauseStore.SignedClause.class.isAssignableFrom(cause.getClass())
) {
Propagator propagator = (Propagator) cause;
Propagator.defaultExplain(propagator, p, this);
} else {
cause.explain(p, this);
}
// check reification
checkReification(cause, p);
}
private void checkReification(ICause cause, int p) {
if (Propagator.class.isAssignableFrom(cause.getClass())) {
Propagator propagator = (Propagator) cause;
if (propagator.isReified()) {
BoolVar b = propagator.reifiedWith();
assert !propagator.isReifiedAndSilent();
mIG.findPredecessor(front, b, p == -1 ? mIG.size() : p);
if (b.isInstantiated()) {
if (XParameters.FINE_PROOF) System.out.print("Reif: ");
b.unionLit(1 - b.getValue(), this);
} else {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Oh nooo!");
}
}
}
}
private void relax() {
int l, k = -1;
while (!front.isEmpty() && (l = front.getLastValue()) != k) {
// remove variable in 'front' but not in literals
// achieved lazily by only evaluating the right-most one
if (!literals.contains(mIG.getIntVarAt(l))) {
front.pollLastValue();
} else {
IntVar var = mIG.getIntVarAt(l);
// cpru deal with : if(VariableUtils.isView(var))?
int p = mIG.getPredecessorOf(l);
// todo improve
// go left as long as the right-most variable in 'front' contradicts 'literals'
if (p < l /* to avoid going "before" root */
&& var.getLit().disjoint(mIG.getDomainAt(p))) {
front.replace(var, p);
}
}
k = l;
}
}
/**
* Estimate if conflict analysis can stop:
*
* - the rightmost node in conflict is a decision
* - or it is above the first decision
*
*
* @return true if the conflict analysis can stop
*/
private boolean stop() {
int max;
if (front.isEmpty()
|| IntEventType.VOID.getMask() == mIG.getEventMaskAt(max = front.getLastValue())
|| mIG.getDecisionLevelAt(max) == 1) {
if (XParameters.PROOF) System.out.print("\nbacktrack to ROOT\n-----");
assertLevel = mIG.getIntVarAt(0)
.getModel()
.getSolver()
.getDecisionPath()
.getDecision(0)
.getPosition();
} else
/*// check UIP
// WARNING: the following code does not work. It cannot be applied stricto-senso from SAT
// Since a variable may have been modified more than once in a decision level, unlike SAT
{
int prev = front.getLowerValue(max);
int dl = mIG.getDecisionLevelAt(max);
if (prev == -1 || mIG.getDecisionLevelAt(prev) != dl) {
// find backtrack point
while (max > 0 && !IntDecision.class.isAssignableFrom(mIG.getCauseAt(max).getClass())) {
max--;
}
//assert mIG.getDecisionLevelAt(max) != dl;
assert IntDecision.class.isAssignableFrom(mIG.getCauseAt(max).getClass());
if (PROOF)
System.out.printf("\nbacktrack to %s\n-----", mIG.getCauseAt(max));
if (ASSERT_NO_LEFT_BRANCH && !((IntDecision) mIG.getCauseAt(max)).hasNext()) {
throw new SolverException("Weak explanation found. Try to backjump to :" + mIG.getCauseAt(max) + "\n" + literals);
}
assertLevel = ((IntDecision) mIG.getCauseAt(max)).getPosition();
}
/*/if (IntDecision.class.isAssignableFrom(mIG.getCauseAt(max).getClass())) {
if (XParameters.PROOF)
System.out.printf("\nbacktrack to %s\n-----", mIG.getCauseAt(max));
if (XParameters.ASSERT_NO_LEFT_BRANCH && !((IntDecision) mIG.getCauseAt(max)).hasNext()) {
throw new SolverException("Weak explanation found. Try to backjump to :" + mIG.getCauseAt(max) + "\n" + literals);
}
assertLevel = ((IntDecision) mIG.getCauseAt(max)).getPosition();
//*/
}
return assertLevel != Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
/**
* Remove {@code var} from {@link #literals} and {@link #front}
*
* @param var a variable
*/
public void removeLit(IntVar var) {
literals.remove(var);
front.remove(var);
}
/**
* Add {@code var} to {@link #literals}
*
* @param var a variable
*/
public void addLit(IntVar var) {
literals.add(var);
}
/**
* Check if {@code var} is in {@link #literals}
*
* @param var a variable
*/
public boolean contains(IntVar var) {
return literals.contains(var);
}
/**
* @return the number of literals in this explanation
*/
public int getCardinality() {
return literals.size();
}
/**
* @return the decision to refute (ie, point to jump to wrt the current decision path).
*/
public int getAssertingLevel() {
return assertLevel;
}
/**
* Return an empty set available (created and returned) or create a new one
*
* @return a free set
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet empty() {
IntIterableRangeSet set = manager.getE();
if (set == null) {
return new IntIterableRangeSet();
} else {
set.unlock();
}
return set;
}
public void returnSet(IntIterableRangeSet set) {
set.clear();
set.lock();
manager.returnE(set);
}
/**
* @param var a variable
* @return a set which contains a copy of the domain of var at its front position
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet domain(IntVar var) {
IntIterableRangeSet set = empty();
set.copyFrom(readDom(var));
return set;
}
/**
* @param var a variable
* @return a set which contains a copy of the complement domain of var at its front position
* wrt to its root domain
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet complement(IntVar var) {
IntIterableRangeSet set = root(var);
set.removeAll(readDom(var));
return set;
}
/**
* @param val a value
* @return a set which contains all values after val and val
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet setDiffVal(int val) {
IntIterableRangeSet set = universe();
set.remove(val);
return set;
}
/**
* Return (-∞,+∞) set (created and returned).
*
* @return a full set
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet universe() {
IntIterableRangeSet set = empty();
set.addBetween(IntIterableRangeSet.MIN, IntIterableRangeSet.MAX);
return set;
}
/**
* @param var a variable
* @return a copy of the root domain of var
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet root(IntVar var) {
IntIterableRangeSet set = empty();
set.copyFrom(mIG.getRootDomain(var));
return set;
}
public ValueSortedMap getFront() {
return front;
}
public Implications getImplicationGraph() {
return mIG;
}
/**
* Return the variable stored in {@link #mIG} at positon {@code p}.
*
* @param p position of the node to read.
* @return the variable at position {@code p} in {@link #mIG}.
*/
public IntVar readVar(int p) {
return mIG.getIntVarAt(p);
}
/**
* Return the event mask stored in {@link #mIG} at positon {@code p}.
*
* @param p position of the node to read.
* @return the event mask at position {@code p} in {@link #mIG}
*/
public int readMask(int p) {
return mIG.getEventMaskAt(p);
}
/**
* Return the value stored in {@link #mIG} at positon {@code p}.
*
* @param p position of the node to read.
* @return the value at position {@code p} in {@link #mIG}
*/
public int readValue(int p) {
return mIG.getValueAt(p);
}
/**
* Return the domain stored in {@link #mIG} at positon {@code p}.
*
* @param p position of the node to read.
* @return the domain at position {@code p} in {@link #mIG}
* @implNote read-only method.
* Object returned by this method is not intended to be modified.
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet readDom(int p) {
return mIG.getDomainAt(p);
}
/**
* Return the domain stored in {@link #mIG} at positon {@code p}.
*
* @param var variable to read
* @return the domain at position {@code p} in {@link #mIG}
* @implNote read-only method.
* Object returned by this method is not intended to be modified.
* @implSpec position of {@code var} in {@link #mIG} is retrieved
* through {@link #front}
*/
public IntIterableRangeSet readDom(IntVar var) {
return mIG.getDomainAt(front.getValue(var));
}
public HashSet getLiterals() {
return literals;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder st = new StringBuilder();
st.append('{');
literals.stream()
//.sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(Identity::getId))
.forEach(v -> st.append(v.getName()).append('\u2208').append(v.getLit()).append(','));
st.append('}');
return st.toString();
}
}