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/*
* This file is part of choco-solver, http://choco-solver.org/
*
* Copyright (c) 2023, IMT Atlantique. All rights reserved.
*
* Licensed under the BSD 4-clause license.
*
* See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
*/
package org.chocosolver.solver.variables;
import org.chocosolver.solver.ISelf;
import org.chocosolver.solver.Model;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.RealView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.bool.BoolEqView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.bool.BoolLeqView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.bool.BoolNotView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.bool.BoolSetView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.directed.DirectedEdgeInducedSubgraphView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.directed.DirectedGraphUnionView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.directed.DirectedNodeInducedSubgraphView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.undirected.EdgeInducedSubgraphView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.undirected.NodeInducedSubgraphView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.graph.undirected.UndirectedGraphUnionView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.integer.IntMinusView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.integer.IntOffsetView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.integer.IntScaleView;
import org.chocosolver.solver.variables.view.set.*;
import org.chocosolver.util.objects.graphs.IGraph;
import org.chocosolver.util.objects.setDataStructures.ISet;
import java.util.Arrays;
import static java.lang.Math.max;
/**
* Interface to make views (BoolVar, IntVar, RealVar and SetVar)
*
* A kind of factory relying on interface default implementation to allow (multiple) inheritance
*
* @author Jean-Guillaume FAGES
*/
public interface IViewFactory extends ISelf {
//*************************************************************************************
// BOOLEAN VARIABLES
//*************************************************************************************
/**
* Creates a view over bool holding the logical negation of bool (ie, ¬BOOL).
* @param bool a boolean variable.
* @return a BoolVar equal to not(bool) (or 1-bool)
*/
default BoolVar boolNotView(BoolVar bool) {
if (bool.hasNot()) {
return bool.not();
} else {
BoolVar not;
if (bool.isInstantiated()) {
not = bool.getValue() == 1 ? ref().boolVar(false) : ref().boolVar(true);
} else {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
not = new BoolNotView<>(bool);
} else {
not = ref().boolVar("not(" + bool.getName() + ")");
ref().arithm(not, "!=", bool).post();
}
not.setNot(true);
}
bool._setNot(not);
not._setNot(bool);
return not;
}
}
/**
* Creates a boolean view b over a set variable S such that:
*
* given v an integer, b = true iff S contains v.
*
* @param setVar The set variable to observe.
* @param v The value to observe in the set variable.
* @return A boolvar equals to S.contains(v).
*/
default BoolVar setBoolView(SetVar setVar, int v) {
return new BoolSetView<>(v, setVar);
}
/**
* Creates an array of boolean views b over a set variable S such that:
*
* b[i - offset] = true <=> i in S.
*
* @param setVar The set variable to observe
* @param size The size of the bool var array
* @param offset The offset
* @return A boolvar array such that b[i - offset] = true <=> i in S.
*/
default BoolVar[] setBoolsView(SetVar setVar, int size, int offset) {
BoolVar[] bools = new BoolVar[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
bools[i] = setBoolView(setVar, i + offset);
}
return bools;
}
//*************************************************************************************
// INTEGER VARIABLES
//*************************************************************************************
/**
* Creates a view based on var, equal to var+cste.
* @param var an integer variable
* @param cste a constant (can be either negative or positive)
* @return an IntVar equal to var+cste
*/
default IntVar intOffsetView(IntVar var, int cste) {
if (cste == 0) {
return var;
}
String name = "(" + var.getName() + (cste >= 0 ? "+" : "-") + Math.abs(cste) + ")";
if (var.isInstantiated()) {
return ref().intVar(name, var.getValue() + cste);
}
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
int p = checkDeclaredView(var, cste, IntOffsetView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if(p>-1){
return var.getView(p).asIntVar();
}else {
return new IntOffsetView<>(var, cste);
}
} else {
int lb = var.getLB() + cste;
int ub = var.getUB() + cste;
IntVar ov;
if (var.hasEnumeratedDomain()) {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, false);
} else {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, true);
}
ref().arithm(ov, "-", var, "=", cste).post();
return ov;
}
}
/**
* Creates a view over var equal to -var.
* That is if var = [a,b], then this = [-b,-a].
*
* @param var an integer variable
* @return an IntVar equal to -var
*/
default IntVar intMinusView(IntVar var) {
if (var.isInstantiated()) {
return ref().intVar(-var.getValue());
}
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
if (var instanceof IntMinusView) {
//noinspection rawtypes
return ((IntMinusView) var).getVariable();
} else {
int p = checkDeclaredView(var, -1, IntMinusView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if(p>-1){
return var.getView(p).asIntVar();
}else {
return new IntMinusView<>(var);
}
}
} else {
int ub = -var.getLB();
int lb = -var.getUB();
String name = "-(" + var.getName() + ")";
IntVar ov;
if (var.hasEnumeratedDomain()) {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, false);
} else {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, true);
}
ref().arithm(ov, "+", var, "=", 0).post();
return ov;
}
}
/**
* Creates a view over var equal to var*cste.
* Requires cste > -2
*
*
- if cste < -1, throws an exception;
*
- if cste = -1, returns a minus view;
*
- if cste = 0, returns a fixed variable;
*
- if cste = 1, returns var;
*
- otherwise, returns a scale view;
*
* @param var an integer variable
* @param cste a constant.
* @return an IntVar equal to var*cste
*/
default IntVar intScaleView(IntVar var, int cste) {
if (cste == -1) {
return intMinusView(var);
}
IntVar v2;
if (cste == 0) {
v2 = ref().intVar(0);
} else if (cste == 1) {
v2 = var;
} else {
if (var.isInstantiated()) {
return ref().intVar(var.getValue() * cste);
}
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
boolean rev = cste < 0;
cste = Math.abs(cste);
int p = checkDeclaredView(var, cste, IntScaleView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if(p>-1){
return var.getView(p).asIntVar();
}else {
v2 = new IntScaleView<>(var, cste);
}
if(rev){
v2 = intMinusView(v2);
}
} else {
int lb, ub;
if (cste > 0) {
lb = var.getLB() * cste;
ub = var.getUB() * cste;
} else {
lb = var.getUB() * cste;
ub = var.getLB() * cste;
}
String name = "(" + var.getName() + "*" + cste + ")";
IntVar ov;
if (var.hasEnumeratedDomain()) {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, false);
} else {
ov = ref().intVar(name, lb, ub, true);
}
ref().times(var, cste, ov).post();
return ov;
}
}
return v2;
}
/**
* Creates a view over var such that: |var|.
*
*
- if var is already instantiated, returns a fixed variable;
*
- if the lower bound of var is greater or equal to 0, returns var;
*
- if the upper bound of var is less or equal to 0, return a minus view;
*
- otherwise, returns an absolute view;
*
* @param var an integer variable.
* @return an IntVar equal to the absolute value of var
*/
default IntVar intAbsView(IntVar var) {
if (var.isInstantiated()) {
return ref().intVar(Math.abs(var.getValue()));
} else if (var.getLB() >= 0) {
return var;
} else if (var.getUB() <= 0) {
return intMinusView(var);
} else {
int ub = max(-var.getLB(), var.getUB());
String name = "|" + var.getName() + "|";
IntVar abs;
if (var.hasEnumeratedDomain()) {
abs = ref().intVar(name, 0, ub, false);
} else {
abs = ref().intVar(name, 0, ub, true);
}
ref().absolute(abs, var).post();
return abs;
}
}
/**
* Creates an affine view over x such that: a.x + b.
*
*
* @param a a coefficient
* @param x an integer variable.
* @param b a constant
* @return an IntVar equal to the absolute value of var
*/
default IntVar intAffineView(int a, IntVar x, int b) {
if (x.isInstantiated()) {
return ref().intVar(a * x.getValue() + b);
} else {
return intOffsetView(intScaleView(x, a), b);
}
}
/**
* Creates an view over x such that: (x = c) ⇔ b.
*
* @param x an integer variable.
* @param c a constant
* @return a BoolVar that reifies x = c
*/
default BoolVar intEqView(IntVar x, int c) {
if (x.isInstantiatedTo(c)) {
return ref().boolVar(true);
} else if (!x.contains(c)) {
return ref().boolVar(false);
} else {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
int p = checkDeclaredView(x, c, BoolEqView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if (p >= 0) {
return x.getView(p).asBoolVar();
} else {
return new BoolEqView<>(x, c);
}
}else{
BoolVar b = ref().boolVar();
ref().reifyXeqC(x, c, b);
return b;
}
}
}
/**
* Creates an view over x such that: (x != c) ⇔ b.
*
* @param x an integer variable.
* @param c a constant
* @return a BoolVar that reifies x != c
*/
default BoolVar intNeView(IntVar x, int c) {
if (x.isInstantiatedTo(c)) {
return ref().boolVar(false);
} else if (!x.contains(c)) {
return ref().boolVar(true);
} else {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
int p = checkDeclaredView(x, c, BoolEqView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if (p >= 0) {
return x.getView(p).asBoolVar().not();
} else {
return new BoolEqView<>(x, c).not();
}
} else {
BoolVar b = ref().boolVar();
ref().reifyXneC(x, c, b);
return b;
}
}
}
/**
* Creates an view over x such that: (x ≤ c) ⇔ b.
*
* @param x an integer variable.
* @param c a constant
* @return a BoolVar that reifies x ≤ c
*/
default BoolVar intLeView(IntVar x, int c) {
if (x.getUB() <= c) {
return ref().boolVar(true);
} else if (x.getLB() > c) {
return ref().boolVar(false);
} else {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
int p = checkDeclaredView(x, c, BoolLeqView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if (p >= 0) {
return x.getView(p).asBoolVar();
} else {
return new BoolLeqView<>(x, c);
}
}else {
BoolVar b = ref().boolVar();
ref().reifyXltC(x, c +1, b);
return b;
}
}
}
/**
* Creates an view over x such that: (x ≥ c) ⇔ b.
*
* @param x an integer variable.
* @param c a constant
* @return a BoolVar that reifies x ≥ c
*/
default BoolVar intGeView(IntVar x, int c) {
if (x.getLB() >= c) {
return ref().boolVar(true);
} else if (x.getUB() < c) {
return ref().boolVar(false);
} else {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
int p = checkDeclaredView(x, c - 1, BoolLeqView.class, ref().getSettings().checkDeclaredViews());
if (p >= 0) {
return x.getView(p).asBoolVar().not();
} else {
return new BoolLeqView<>(x, c - 1).not();
}
}else {
BoolVar b = ref().boolVar();
ref().reifyXgtC(x, c - 1, b);
return b;
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
static int checkDeclaredView(IntVar x, int c, Class clazz, boolean check){
for(int i = 0; check && i < x.getNbViews(); i++)
if (clazz.isInstance(x.getView(i))) {
if(clazz == BoolEqView.class){
BoolEqView v = (BoolEqView) x.getView(i);
if(v.cste == c){
return i;
}
}else if(clazz == BoolLeqView.class){
BoolLeqView v = (BoolLeqView) x.getView(i);
if(v.cste == c){
return i;
}
}else if(clazz == IntMinusView.class){
return i;
}else if(clazz == IntOffsetView.class){
IntOffsetView v = (IntOffsetView) x.getView(i);
if(v.cste == c){
return i;
}
}else if(clazz == IntScaleView.class){
IntScaleView v = (IntScaleView) x.getView(i);
if(v.cste == c){
return i;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
//*************************************************************************************
// REAL VARIABLES
//*************************************************************************************
/**
* Creates a real view of var, i.e. a RealVar of domain equal to the domain of var.
* This should be used to include an integer variable in an expression/constraint requiring RealVar
* @param var the integer variable to be viewed as a RealVar
* @param precision double precision (e.g., 0.00001d)
* @return a RealVar of domain equal to the domain of var
*/
default RealVar realIntView(IntVar var, double precision) {
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
return new RealView<>(var, precision);
} else {
double lb = var.getLB();
double ub = var.getUB();
RealVar rv = ref().realVar("(real)" + var.getName(), lb, ub, precision);
ref().realIbexGenericConstraint("{0} = {1}", rv, var).post();
return rv;
}
}
/**
* Creates an array of real views for a set of integer variables
* This should be used to include an integer variable in an expression/constraint requiring RealVar
* @param ints the array of integer variables to be viewed as real variables
* @param precision double precision (e.g., 0.00001d)
* @return a real view of ints
*/
default RealVar[] realIntViewArray(IntVar[] ints, double precision) {
RealVar[] reals = new RealVar[ints.length];
if (ref().getSettings().enableViews()) {
for (int i = 0; i < ints.length; i++) {
reals[i] = realIntView(ints[i], precision);
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < ints.length; i++) {
double lb = ints[i].getLB();
double ub = ints[i].getUB();
reals[i] = ref().realVar("(real)" + ints[i].getName(), lb, ub, precision);
ref().realIbexGenericConstraint("{0} = {1}", reals[i], ints[i]).post();
}
}
return reals;
}
// MATRIX
/**
* Creates a matrix of real views for a matrix of integer variables
* This should be used to include an integer variable in an expression/constraint requiring RealVar
* @param ints the matrix of integer variables to be viewed as real variables
* @param precision double precision (e.g., 0.00001d)
* @return a real view of ints
*/
default RealVar[][] realIntViewMatrix(IntVar[][] ints, double precision) {
RealVar[][] vars = new RealVar[ints.length][ints[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < ints.length; i++) {
vars[i] = realIntViewArray(ints[i], precision);
}
return vars;
}
//*************************************************************************************
// SET VARIABLES
//*************************************************************************************
// OVER ARRAY OF BOOLEAN VARIABLES
/**
* Create a set view over an array of boolean variables defined such that:
* boolVars[x - offset] = True <=> x in setView
* This view is equivalent to the {@link org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.set.PropBoolChannel} constraint.
* @param boolVars observed boolean variables
* @param offset Offset between boolVars array indices and set elements
* @return a set view such that boolVars[x - offset] = True <=> x in setView
*/
default SetVar boolsSetView(BoolVar[] boolVars, int offset) {
return new SetBoolsView<>(offset, boolVars);
}
// OVER ARRAY OF INTEGER VARIABLES
/**
* Create a set view over an array of integer variables, such that:
* intVars[x - offset] = v[x - offset] <=> x in set view.
*
* @param intVars array of integer variables
* @param v array of integers that "toggle" integer variables index inclusion in the set view
* @param offset offset between intVars indices and setViews elements
* @return a set view such that intVars[x - offset] = v[x - offset] <=> x in setView.
*/
default SetVar intsSetView(IntVar[] intVars, int[] v, int offset) {
return new SetIntsView<>(v, offset, intVars);
}
/**
* Create a set view over an array of integer variables, such that:
* intVars[x - offset] = v <=> x in set view.
*
* @param intVars array of integer variables
* @param v integer that "toggle" integer variables index inclusion in the set view
* @param offset offset between intVars indices and setViews elements
* @return a set view such that intVars[x - offset] = v <=> x in setView.
*/
default SetVar intsSetView(IntVar[] intVars, int v, int offset) {
int[] vals = new int[intVars.length];
Arrays.fill(vals, v);
return intsSetView(intVars, vals, offset);
}
/**
* Instantiate an array of set views over an array of integer variables, such that:
* x in setViews[y - offset1] <=> intVars[x - offset2] = y.
*
* This view is equivalent to the {@link org.chocosolver.solver.constraints.set.PropIntChannel} constraint.
*
* @param intVars array of integer variables
* @param nbSets number of set views to create
* @param offset1 offset between setViews indices and intVars values
* @param offset2 offset between intVars indices and setViews elements
* @return an array of set views such that x in setViews[y - offset1] <=> intVars[x - offset2] = y.
*/
default SetVar[] intsSetsView(IntVar[] intVars, int nbSets, int offset1, int offset2) {
SetVar[] setVars = new SetVar[nbSets];
for (int i = 0; i < nbSets; i++) {
setVars[i] = intsSetView(intVars, i + offset1, offset2);
}
return setVars;
}
// OVER SET VARIABLES
/**
* Creates a set view representing the union of a list of set variables.
* @param sets The set variables to observe.
* @return A set union view.
*/
default SetVar setUnionView(SetVar... sets) {
return new SetUnionView("setUnion", sets);
}
/**
* Creates a set view representing the intersection of a list of set variables.
* @param sets The set variables to observe.
* @return A set intersection view.
*/
default SetVar setIntersectionView(SetVar... sets) {
return new SetIntersectionView("setIntersection", sets);
}
/**
* Creates a set view z representing the set difference between x and y: z = x \ y.
* @param x A set variable.
* @param y A set variable.
* @return A set difference z view such that z = x \ y.
*/
default SetVar setDifferenceView(SetVar x, SetVar y) {
return new SetDifferenceView("setDifference", x, y);
}
// OVER GRAPH VARIABLES
/**
* Creates a set view over the set of nodes of a graph variable.
* @param g observed graph variable
* @return a set view over the set of nodes of a graph variable
*/
default SetVar graphNodeSetView(GraphVar g) {
return new SetNodeGraphView<>(g);
}
/**
* Creates a set view over the set of successors of a node of a directed graph variable.
* @param g observed graph variable
* @param node observed node
* @return a set view over the set of successors of a node of a directed graph variable.
*/
default SetVar graphSuccessorsSetView(DirectedGraphVar g, int node) {
return new SetSuccessorsGraphView<>(g, node);
}
/**
* Creates a set view over the set of predecessors of a node of a directed graph variable.
* @param g observed graph variable
* @param node observed node
* @return a set view over the set of predecessors of a node of a directed graph variable.
*/
default SetVar graphPredecessorsSetView(DirectedGraphVar g, int node) {
return new SetPredecessorsGraphView<>(g, node);
}
/**
* Creates a set view over the set of neighbors of a node of an undirected graph variable.
* @param g observed graph variable
* @param node observed node
* @return a set view over the set of neighbors of a node of an udirected graph variable.
*/
default SetVar graphNeighborsSetView(UndirectedGraphVar g, int node) {
return new SetSuccessorsGraphView<>(g, node);
}
//*************************************************************************************
// GRAPH VARIABLES
//*************************************************************************************
/**
* Creates a graph view G' = (V', E') from another graph G = (V, E) such that:
* V' = V \ nodes (set difference) if exclude = true, else V' = V \cap nodes (set intersection)
* E' = { (x, y) \in E | x \in V' \land y \in V' }.
*
* @param g The graph variable to observe
* @param nodes the set of nodes to construct the view from (see exclude parameter)
* @param exclude if true, V' = V \ nodes (set difference), else V' = V \cap nodes (set intersection)
*/
default UndirectedGraphVar nodeInducedSubgraphView(UndirectedGraphVar g, ISet nodes, boolean exclude) {
return new NodeInducedSubgraphView(g.getName() + "[" + nodes.toString() + "]", g, nodes, exclude);
}
/**
* Creates a graph view G' = (V', E') from another graph G = (V, E) such that:
* V' = V \ nodes (set difference) if exclude = true, else V' = V \cap nodes (set intersection)
* E' = { (x, y) \in E | x \in V' \land y \in V' }.
*
* @param g The graph variable to observe
* @param nodes the set of nodes to construct the view from (see exclude parameter)
* @param exclude if true, V' = V \ nodes (set difference), else V' = V \cap nodes (set intersection)
*/
default DirectedGraphVar nodeInducedSubgraphView(DirectedGraphVar g, ISet nodes, boolean exclude) {
return new DirectedNodeInducedSubgraphView(g.getName() + "[" + nodes.toString() + "]", g, nodes, exclude);
}
/**
* Construct an edge-induced subgraph view G = (V', E') from G = (V, E) such that:
* V' = { x \in V | \exists y \in V s.t. (x, y) \in E' }
* E' = E \ edges (set difference) if exclude = true, else E' = E \cap edges (set intersection).
*
* @param g observed variable
* @param edges the set of edges (array of couples) to construct the subgraph from (see exclude parameter)
* @param exclude if true, E' = E \ edges (set difference), else E' = E \cap edges (set intersection)
*/
default UndirectedGraphVar edgeInducedSubgraphView(UndirectedGraphVar g, int[][] edges, boolean exclude) {
return new EdgeInducedSubgraphView(g.getName() + "{" + Arrays.deepToString(edges) + "}", g, edges, exclude);
}
/**
* Construct an edge-induced subgraph view G = (V', E') from G = (V, E) such that:
* V' = { x \in V | \exists y \in V s.t. (x, y) \in E' }
* E' = E \ edges (set difference) if exclude = true, else E' = E \cap edges (set intersection).
*
* @param g observed variable
* @param edges the set of edges (array of couples) to construct the subgraph from (see exclude parameter)
* @param exclude if true, E' = E \ edges (set difference), else E' = E \cap edges (set intersection)
*/
default DirectedGraphVar edgeInducedSubgraphView(DirectedGraphVar g, int[][] edges, boolean exclude) {
return new DirectedEdgeInducedSubgraphView(g.getName() + "{" + Arrays.deepToString(edges) + "}", g, edges, exclude);
}
/**
* Construct an undirected graph union view G = (V, E) from a set of undirected graphs {G_1 = (V_1, E_1), ..., G_k = (V_k, E_k)} such that :
* V = V_1 \cup ... \cup V_k (\cup = set union);
* E = E_1 \cup ... \cup E_k.
* @param graphVars the graphs to construct the union view from
* @return An undirected graph union view
*/
default UndirectedGraphVar graphUnionView(UndirectedGraphVar... graphVars) {
return new UndirectedGraphUnionView("GraphUnionView", graphVars);
}
/**
* Construct a directed graph union view G = (V, E) from a set of directed graphs {G_1 = (V_1, E_1), ..., G_k = (V_k, E_k)} such that :
* V = V_1 \cup ... \cup V_k (\cup = set union);
* E = E_1 \cup ... \cup E_k.
* @param graphVars the graphs to construct the union view from
* @return A directed graph union view
*/
default DirectedGraphVar graphUnionView(DirectedGraphVar... graphVars) {
return new DirectedGraphUnionView("GraphUnionView", graphVars);
}
}