org.cicirello.search.problems.scheduling.WeightedShortestProcessingPlusSetupTimePrecompute Maven / Gradle / Ivy

Go to download

Show more of this group Show more artifacts with this name
Show all versions of chips-n-salsa Show documentation

Chips-n-Salsa is a Java library of customizable, hybridizable, iterative, parallel, stochastic, and self-adaptive local search algorithms. The library includes implementations of several stochastic local search algorithms, including simulated annealing, hill climbers, as well as constructive search algorithms such as stochastic sampling. Chips-n-Salsa now also includes genetic algorithms as well as evolutionary algorithms more generally. The library very extensively supports simulated annealing. It includes several classes for representing solutions to a variety of optimization problems. For example, the library includes a BitVector class that implements vectors of bits, as well as classes for representing solutions to problems where we are searching for an optimal vector of integers or reals. For each of the built-in representations, the library provides the most common mutation operators for generating random neighbors of candidate solutions, as well as common crossover operators for use with evolutionary algorithms. Additionally, the library provides extensive support for permutation optimization problems, including implementations of many different mutation operators for permutations, and utilizing the efficiently implemented Permutation class of the JavaPermutationTools (JPT) library. Chips-n-Salsa is customizable, making extensive use of Java's generic types, enabling using the library to optimize other types of representations beyond what is provided in the library. It is hybridizable, providing support for integrating multiple forms of local search (e.g., using a hill climber on a solution generated by simulated annealing), creating hybrid mutation operators (e.g., local search using multiple mutation operators), as well as support for running more than one type of search for the same problem concurrently using multiple threads as a form of algorithm portfolio. Chips-n-Salsa is iterative, with support for multistart metaheuristics, including implementations of several restart schedules for varying the run lengths across the restarts. It also supports parallel execution of multiple instances of the same, or different, stochastic local search algorithms for an instance of a problem to accelerate the search process. The library supports self-adaptive search in a variety of ways, such as including implementations of adaptive annealing schedules for simulated annealing, such as the Modified Lam schedule, implementations of the simpler annealing schedules but which self-tune the initial temperature and other parameters, and restart schedules that adapt to run length.

There is a newer version: 7.0.1

Show newest version

/*
 * Chips-n-Salsa: A library of parallel self-adaptive local search algorithms.
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2021  Vincent A. Cicirello
 *
 * This file is part of Chips-n-Salsa (https://chips-n-salsa.cicirello.org/).
 *
 * Chips-n-Salsa is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * Chips-n-Salsa is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see .
 */

package org.cicirello.search.problems.scheduling;

import org.cicirello.permutations.Permutation;
import org.cicirello.search.ss.IncrementalEvaluation;
import org.cicirello.search.ss.Partial;

/**
 * This class implements a variation the weighted shortest process time heuristic, but adjusted to
 * incorporate setups times for problems with sequence-dependent setups. The original version of the
 * heuristic can be found in the {@link WeightedShortestProcessingTime} class, and is defined as:
 * h(j) = w[j] / p[j], where w[j] is the weight of job j, and p[j] is its processing time.
 *
 * We modify this to incorporate setup times by instead defining the heuristic as: h(j) = w[j] /
 * (p[j] + s[i][j]), where s[i][j] is the setup time required by job j if it immediately follows job
 * i on the machine, where job i is the preceding job.
 *
 * 
Furthermore, this implementation returns: max( {@link #MIN_H}, h(j)), where {@link #MIN_H} is
 * a small non-zero value. This is to deal with the possibility of a job with weight w[j] = 0, or
 * especially high processing and setup times relative to weight. For deterministic construction of
 * a schedule, this adjustment is unnecessary. However, for stochastic sampling algorithms it is
 * important for the heuristic to return non-zero values.
 *
 * In this version, the heuristic is precomputed for all pairs of jobs (e.g., for evaluating job
 * j for each possible preceding job). This may speed up stochastic sampling search when many
 * iterations are executed (won't need to recompute the same heuristic values repeatedly). However,
 * for large problems, the O(n²) space, where n is the number of jobs may be prohibitive.
 * For a version that doesn't precompute the heuristic, see the {@link
 * WeightedShortestProcessingPlusSetupTime} class, which requires only O(1) space.
 *
 * @author Vincent A. Cicirello, https://www.cicirello.org/
 * @version 5.11.2021
 */
public class WeightedShortestProcessingPlusSetupTimePrecompute extends SchedulingHeuristic {

  private final double[][] h;

  /**
   * Constructs an WeightedShortestProcessingPlusSetupTimePrecompute heuristic.
   *
   * @param problem The instance of a scheduling problem that is the target of the heuristic.
   */
  public WeightedShortestProcessingPlusSetupTimePrecompute(SingleMachineSchedulingProblem problem) {
    super(problem);
    final int n = data.numberOfJobs();
    h = new double[n][n];
    if (HAS_SETUPS) {
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        h[i][i] =
            Math.max(
                MIN_H,
                ((double) data.getWeight(i)) / (data.getProcessingTime(i) + data.getSetupTime(i)));
        for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
          h[i][j] =
              Math.max(
                  MIN_H,
                  ((double) data.getWeight(j))
                      / (data.getProcessingTime(j) + data.getSetupTime(i, j)));
          h[j][i] =
              Math.max(
                  MIN_H,
                  ((double) data.getWeight(i))
                      / (data.getProcessingTime(i) + data.getSetupTime(j, i)));
        }
      }
    } else {
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        final double H = Math.max(MIN_H, ((double) data.getWeight(i)) / data.getProcessingTime(i));
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
          h[j][i] = H;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  @Override
  public double h(Partial p, int element, IncrementalEvaluation incEval) {
    return p.size() == 0 ? h[element][element] : h[p.getLast()][element];
  }
}