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CloudSim Plus: A modern, highly extensible and easier-to-use Java 8+ Framework for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud Computing Infrastructures and Services
/*
* Title: CloudSim Toolkit
* Description: CloudSim (Cloud Simulation) Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Clouds
* Licence: GPL - http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2012, The University of Melbourne, Australia
*/
package org.cloudbus.cloudsim.util;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.DescriptiveStatistics;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
/**
* A class containing multiple convenient math functions.
*
* @author Anton Beloglazov
* @since CloudSim Toolkit 3.0
* @see TimeUtil
*/
public final class MathUtil {
/**
* A private constructor to avoid class instantiation.
*/
private MathUtil(){/**/}
/**
* Sums a list of numbers.
*
* @param list the list of numbers
* @return the double
*/
public static double sum(final List list) {
double sum = 0.0;
for (final Number number : list) {
sum += number.doubleValue();
}
return sum;
}
/**
* Gets the median from a list of numbers.
*
* @param list the list of numbers
* @return the median
*/
public static double median(final Collection list) {
return getStatistics(list).getPercentile(50);
}
/**
* Gets the median from an array of numbers.
*
* @param list the array of numbers
* @return the median
*/
public static double median(final double... list) {
return getStatistics(list).getPercentile(50);
}
/**
* Gets an object to compute descriptive statistics for an list of numbers.
*
* @param list the list of numbers. Must not be null.
* @return descriptive statistics for the list of numbers.
*/
public static DescriptiveStatistics getStatistics(final Collection list) {
final DescriptiveStatistics stats = new DescriptiveStatistics();
list.forEach(stats::addValue);
return stats;
}
/**
* Gets an object to compute descriptive statistics for an array of numbers.
*
* @param list the array of numbers. Must not be null.
* @return descriptive statistics for the array of numbers.
*/
public static DescriptiveStatistics getStatistics(final double... list) {
return new DescriptiveStatistics(list);
}
/**
* Gets the average from a list of numbers.
* If the list is empty or contains just zeros, returns 0.
*
* @param list the list of numbers
* @return the average
*/
public static double mean(final List list) {
if(list.isEmpty()){
return 0;
}
return sum(list) / (double)list.size();
}
/**
* Gets the Variance from a list of numbers.
*
* @param list the list of numbers
* @return the variance
*/
public static double variance(final List list) {
long count = 0;
double mean = mean(list);
double deltaSum = 0.0;
for(final double x : list) {
count++;
final double delta = x - mean;
mean += delta / count;
deltaSum += delta * (x - mean);
}
return deltaSum / (count - 1);
}
/**
* Gets the Standard Deviation from a list of numbers.
*
* @param list the list of numbers
* @return the standard deviation
*/
public static double stDev(final List list) {
return Math.sqrt(variance(list));
}
/**
* Gets the Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) from a array of numbers.
*
* @param data the array of numbers
* @return the mad
*/
public static double mad(final double... data) {
if (data.length == 0) {
return 0;
}
final double median = median(data);
final double[] deviationSum = new double[data.length];
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
deviationSum[i] = Math.abs(median - data[i]);
}
return median(deviationSum);
}
/**
* Gets the Inter-quartile Range (IQR)
* from an array of numbers.
*
* @param data the array of numbers
* @return the IQR
*/
public static double iqr(final double... data) {
Arrays.sort(data);
final int quartile1 = (int) Math.round(0.25 * (data.length + 1)) - 1;
final int quartile3 = (int) Math.round(0.75 * (data.length + 1)) - 1;
return data[quartile3] - data[quartile1];
}
/**
* Counts the number of values different of zero at the beginning of
* an array.
*
* @param data the array of numbers
* @return the number of values different of zero at the beginning of the array
*/
public static int countNonZeroBeginning(final double... data) {
int index = data.length - 1;
while (index >= 0) {
if (data[index--] != 0) {
break;
}
}
return index + 2;
}
/**
* Gets the absolute values of an array of values
*
* @param data the array of values
* @return a new array with the absolute value of each element in the given array.
*/
public static double[] abs(final double... data) {
final double[] result = new double[data.length];
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
result[i] = Math.abs(data[i]);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Converts a double value to an int, using an appropriate
* rounding function.
* If the double is negative, it applies {@link Math#floor(double)}
* to round the number down. If it' a positive value, it
* applies {@link Math#ceil(double)} to round the number up.
* This way, a negative double will be converted to a negative int
* and a positive double will be converted to a positive int.
*
* It's different from using: {@link Math#round(double)} which always
* rounds to the next positive integer; {@link Math#floor(double)} which
* always rounds down; or {@link Math#ceil(double)} which always
* rounds up. It applies floor for negative values and ceil
* for positive ones.
*
* This method is useful to be used by {@link Comparator}s which
* rely on a double attribute to compare a list of objects.
* Since the {@link Comparator#compare(Object, Object)} method
* must return an int, the method being implemented here
* converts a double to an int value which can be used by
* a Comparator.
*
* @param value the double value to convert
* @return zero if the double value is zero, a negative int if the double is negative,
* or a positive int if the double is positive.
*/
public static int doubleToInt(final double value){
return (int)(value < 0 ? Math.floor(value) : Math.ceil(value));
}
/**
* Try to convert a String to an int value.
* If the conversion is not possible, returns a default value.
* @param value the value to try converting
* @param defaultValue the default value to return in case of error
* @return the converted value or the default one in case of error
*/
public static int parseInt(final String value, final int defaultValue){
try {
return Integer.parseInt(value);
} catch(NumberFormatException e){
return defaultValue;
}
}
/**
* Checks if two double numbers are equals, considering a precision error or 0.01.
* That is, if the different between the two numbers are lower or equal to 0.01, they are considered equal.
* @param first the first number to check
* @param second the second number to check
* @return true if the numbers are equal considering the precision error
*/
public static boolean same(final double first, final double second){
return same(first,second, 0.01);
}
/**
* Checks if two double numbers are equals, considering a given precision error.
* That is, if the different between the two numbers are lower or equal to the precision error, they are considered equal.
* @param first the first number to check
* @param second the second number to check
* @param precisionError the precision error used to compare the numbers
* @return true if the numbers are equal considering the precision error
*/
public static boolean same(final double first, final double second, final double precisionError){
return Math.abs(first-second) <= precisionError;
}
/**
* Computes the percentage of a current value related to a total value.
* @param partial the partial value to compute the percentage
* @param total the total value that represents 100%
* @return the percentage of the current value in scale from 0 to 100%
*/
public static double percent(final double partial, final double total){
return (partial/total)*100.0;
}
/**
* Returns the first positive long value given.
* @param first the first value to check
* @param second the first value to check
* @return
*/
public static long positive(final long first, final long second){
//Overloaded methods just change the types to avoid boxing
return first > 0 ? first : second;
}
/**
* Returns the first positive double value given.
* @param first the first value to check
* @param second the first value to check
* @return
*/
public static double positive(final double first, final double second){
//Overloaded methods just change the types to avoid boxing
return first > 0 ? first : second;
}
}
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