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Mojo's JAXB-2 Maven plugin is used to create an object graph from XSDs based on the JAXB 2.x implementation and to generate XSDs from JAXB annotated Java classes.
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package org.codehaus.mojo.jaxb2.helpers;

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import javax.xml.XMLConstants;

/**
 * NodeProcessor which alters the namespace prefix for all relevant Nodes within
 * an XML document Node. The ChangeNamespacePrefixProcessor alters namespace prefixes
 * in 3 logical places:
 * 
 * 

 * Schema Namespace Definition
 * xmlns:oldPrefix="http://some/namespace" is altered to xmlns:newPrefix="http://some/namespace"
 * 
 * 
Elements Namespace Prefix
 * <oldPrefix:someElement ... > is altered to <newPrefix:someElement ... >
 * 
 * 
Element Reference
 * <xs:element ref="oldPrefix:aRequiredElementInTheOldPrefixNamespace"/> is altered to
 * <xs:element ref="newPrefix:aRequiredElementInTheOldPrefixNamespace"/>
 * 
 *
 * @author Lennart Jörelid
 */
public class ChangeNamespacePrefixProcessor
    implements NodeProcessor
{

    // Constants
    private static final String REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME = "ref";

    private static final String SCHEMA = "schema";

    private static final String XMLNS = "xmlns:";

    // Internal state
    private String oldPrefix;

    private String newPrefix;

    /**
     * Creates a new ChangeNamespacePrefixProcessor providing the oldPrefix
     * which should be replaced by the newPrefix.
     *
     * @param oldPrefix The old/current namespace prefix
     * @param newPrefix The new/substituted namespace prefix
     */
    public ChangeNamespacePrefixProcessor( final String oldPrefix, final String newPrefix )
    {
        this.oldPrefix = oldPrefix;
        this.newPrefix = newPrefix;
    }

    /** {@inheritDoc} */
    public boolean accept( Node aNode )
    {
        if ( oldPrefix.equals( aNode.getPrefix() ) )
        {
            // Process any nodes on the form [oldPrefix]:something.
            return true;
        }

        if ( aNode instanceof Attr )
        {
            // These cases are defined by attribute properties.
            final Attr attribute = (Attr) aNode;

            if ( isNamespaceDefinition( attribute ) )
            {
                return true;
            }

            if ( isElementReference( attribute ) )
            {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    /** {@inheritDoc} */
    public void process( Node aNode )
    {
        if ( aNode instanceof Attr )
        {
            final Attr attribute = (Attr) aNode;
            final Element parentElement = attribute.getOwnerElement();

            if ( isNamespaceDefinition( attribute ) )
            {
                // Use the incredibly smooth DOM way to rename an attribute...
                parentElement.setAttributeNS( attribute.getNamespaceURI(), XMLNS + newPrefix, aNode.getNodeValue() );
                parentElement.removeAttribute( XMLNS + oldPrefix );
            }
            else if ( isElementReference( attribute ) )
            {
                // Simply alter the value of the reference
                final String value = attribute.getValue();
                final String elementName = value.substring( value.indexOf( ":" ) + 1 );
                attribute.setValue( newPrefix + ":" + elementName );
            }
        }

        if ( oldPrefix.equals( aNode.getPrefix() ) )
        {
            // Simply change the prefix to the new one.
            aNode.setPrefix( newPrefix );
        }
    }

    //
    // Private helpers
    //

    /**
     * Discovers if the provided attribute is the oldPrefix namespace definition,
     * i.e. if the given attribute is the xmlns:[oldPrefix] within the schema Element.
     *
     * @param attribute the attribute to test.
     * @return true if the provided attribute is the oldPrefix namespace definition,
     *         i.e. if the given attribute is the xmlns:[oldPrefix] within the schema Element.
     */
    private boolean isNamespaceDefinition( final Attr attribute )
    {
        final Element parent = attribute.getOwnerElement();

        return ( XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI.equals( parent.getNamespaceURI() ) && SCHEMA.equalsIgnoreCase(
            parent.getLocalName() ) && oldPrefix.equals( attribute.getLocalName() ) );
    }

    /**
     * Discovers if the provided attribute is a namespace reference to the oldPrefix namespace,
     * on the form <xs:element ref="oldPrefix:anElementInTheOldPrefixNamespace"/>
     *
     * @param attribute the attribute to test.
     * @return true if the provided attribute is named "ref" and starts with
     *         [oldPrefix]:, in which case it is a reference to the oldPrefix namespace.
     */
    private boolean isElementReference( final Attr attribute )
    {
        return REFERENCE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.equals( attribute.getName() ) && attribute.getValue().startsWith(
            oldPrefix + ":" );
    }
}