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PMD is a tool that looks for potential problems like possible bugs, dead code, suboptimal code, overcomplicated expressions or duplicate code.

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JUnit tests should include at least one assertion. This makes the tests more robust, and using assert with messages provide the developer a clearer idea of what the test does.
public class Foo extends TestCase {
  public void testSomething() {
    Bar b = findBar();
    b.work();
    // violation, we could use assertNotNull("bar not found", b);
  }
}