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Plugin for DataNucleus providing persistence to RDBMS datastores.

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/**********************************************************************
Copyright (c) 2008 Andy Jefferson and others. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

Contributors:
    ...
**********************************************************************/
package org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.query;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.datanucleus.ExecutionContext;
import org.datanucleus.FetchPlanForClass;
import org.datanucleus.PropertyNames;
import org.datanucleus.exceptions.NucleusDataStoreException;
import org.datanucleus.exceptions.NucleusException;
import org.datanucleus.exceptions.NucleusUserException;
import org.datanucleus.metadata.AbstractClassMetaData;
import org.datanucleus.metadata.AbstractMemberMetaData;
import org.datanucleus.metadata.InheritanceStrategy;
import org.datanucleus.metadata.RelationType;
import org.datanucleus.query.QueryUtils;
import org.datanucleus.query.evaluator.JDOQLEvaluator;
import org.datanucleus.query.expression.Expression;
import org.datanucleus.query.symbol.Symbol;
import org.datanucleus.store.StoreManager;
import org.datanucleus.store.connection.ManagedConnection;
import org.datanucleus.store.connection.ManagedConnectionResourceListener;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.mapping.StatementClassMapping;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.mapping.StatementMappingIndex;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.mapping.java.AbstractContainerMapping;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.mapping.java.JavaTypeMapping;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.AbstractJDOQLQuery;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.CandidateIdsQueryResult;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.Query;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.QueryInterruptedException;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.QueryManager;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.QueryResult;
import org.datanucleus.store.query.QueryTimeoutException;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSPropertyNames;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.SQLController;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.adapter.DatastoreAdapter;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.scostore.IteratorStatement;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.SQLStatement;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.SQLStatementHelper;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.SQLTable;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.SQLJoin.JoinType;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.expression.BooleanExpression;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.sql.expression.SQLExpression;
import org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.DatastoreClass;
import org.datanucleus.store.types.SCOUtils;
import org.datanucleus.util.ClassUtils;
import org.datanucleus.util.Localiser;
import org.datanucleus.util.NucleusLogger;

/**
 * RDBMS representation of a JDOQL query for use by DataNucleus.
 * The query can be specified via method calls, or via a single-string form.
 * This implementation uses the generic query compilation in "org.datanucleus.query".
 * There are the following main ways of running a query here
 * 
    
 * 
  • Totally in the datastore (no candidate collection specified, and no in-memory eval).
    • 
 * 
  • Totally in-memory (candidate collection specified, and in-memory eval)
    • 
 * 
  • Retrieve candidates from datastore (no candidate collection), and evaluate in-memory
    • 
 * 

 */
public class JDOQLQuery extends AbstractJDOQLQuery
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -937448796638243699L;

    /** Extension for whether to convert "== ?" with null parameter to "IS NULL". Defaults to true to match Java semantics. */
    public static final String EXTENSION_USE_IS_NULL_WHEN_EQUALS_NULL_PARAM = "datanucleus.useIsNullWhenEqualsNullParameter";

    /** The compilation of the query for this datastore. Not applicable if totally in-memory. */
    protected transient RDBMSQueryCompilation datastoreCompilation = null;

    boolean statementReturnsEmpty = false;

    /**
     * Constructs a new query instance that uses the given object manager.
     * @param storeMgr StoreManager for this query
     * @param ec execution context
     */
    public JDOQLQuery(StoreManager storeMgr, ExecutionContext ec)
    {
        this(storeMgr, ec, (JDOQLQuery) null);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new query instance having the same criteria as the given query.
     * @param storeMgr StoreManager for this query
     * @param ec execution context
     * @param q The query from which to copy criteria.
     */
    public JDOQLQuery(StoreManager storeMgr, ExecutionContext ec, JDOQLQuery q)
    {
        super(storeMgr, ec, q);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor for a JDOQL query where the query is specified using the "Single-String" format.
     * @param storeMgr StoreManager for this query
     * @param ec execution context
     * @param query The single-string query form
     */
    public JDOQLQuery(StoreManager storeMgr, ExecutionContext ec, String query)
    {
        super(storeMgr, ec, query);
    }

    /**
     * Utility to remove any previous compilation of this Query.
     */
    protected void discardCompiled()
    {
        super.discardCompiled();

        datastoreCompilation = null;
    }

    /**
     * Method to return if the query is compiled.
     * @return Whether it is compiled
     */
    protected boolean isCompiled()
    {
        if (evaluateInMemory())
        {
            // Don't need datastore compilation here since evaluating in-memory
            return compilation != null;
        }

        // Need both to be present to say "compiled"
        if (compilation == null || datastoreCompilation == null)
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (!datastoreCompilation.isPrecompilable())
        {
            NucleusLogger.GENERAL.info("Query compiled but not precompilable so ditching datastore compilation");
            datastoreCompilation = null;
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Convenience method to return whether the query should be evaluated in-memory.
     * @return Use in-memory evaluation?
     */
    protected boolean evaluateInMemory()
    {
        if (candidateCollection != null)
        {
            if (compilation != null && compilation.getSubqueryAliases() != null)
            {
                // TODO In-memory evaluation of subqueries isn't fully implemented yet, so remove this when it is
                NucleusLogger.QUERY.warn("In-memory evaluator doesn't currently handle subqueries completely so evaluating in datastore");
                return false;
            }

            Object val = getExtension(EXTENSION_EVALUATE_IN_MEMORY);
            if (val == null)
            {
                return true;
            }
            Boolean bool = Boolean.valueOf((String)val);
            if (bool != null && !bool.booleanValue())
            {
                // User has explicitly said to not evaluate in-memory
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return super.evaluateInMemory();
    }

    /**
     * Method to get key for query cache
     * @return The cache key
     */
    protected String getQueryCacheKey()
    {
        if (getSerializeRead() != null && getSerializeRead())
        {
            return super.getQueryCacheKey() + " FOR UPDATE";
        }
        return super.getQueryCacheKey();
    }

    /**
     * Method to compile the JDOQL query.
     * Uses the superclass to compile the generic query populating the "compilation", and then generates
     * the datastore-specific "datastoreCompilation".
     * @param parameterValues Map of param values keyed by param name (if available at compile time)
     */
    protected synchronized void compileInternal(Map parameterValues)
    {
        if (isCompiled())
        {
            return;
        }

        // Compile the generic query expressions
        super.compileInternal(parameterValues);

        boolean inMemory = evaluateInMemory();
        if (candidateCollection != null && inMemory)
        {
            // Querying a candidate collection in-memory, so just return now (don't need datastore compilation)
            // TODO Maybe apply the result class checks ?
            return;
        }

        // Create the SQL statement, and its result/parameter definitions
        RDBMSStoreManager storeMgr = (RDBMSStoreManager)getStoreManager();
        if (candidateClass == null)
        {
            throw new NucleusUserException(Localiser.msg("021009", candidateClassName));
        }

        // Make sure any persistence info is loaded
        ec.hasPersistenceInformationForClass(candidateClass);

        if (parameterValues != null)
        {
            // Check for null values on primitive parameters
            Set paramNames = parameterValues.entrySet();
            Iterator iter = paramNames.iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext())
            {
                Map.Entry entry = iter.next();
                Object paramName = entry.getKey();
                if (paramName instanceof String)
                {
                    Symbol sym = compilation.getSymbolTable().getSymbol((String)paramName);
                    Object value = entry.getValue();
                    if (value == null)
                    {
                        // When we have parameters supplied and have the flag 
                        // "datanucleus.query.checkUnusedParameters" set to false, the symbol may be null
                        // so omit the check for that case
                        if (sym != null && sym.getValueType() != null && sym.getValueType().isPrimitive())
                        {
                            throw new NucleusUserException(Localiser.msg("021117", paramName, sym.getValueType().getName()));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        QueryManager qm = getQueryManager();
        String datastoreKey = storeMgr.getQueryCacheKey();
        String queryCacheKey = getQueryCacheKey();
        if (useCaching() && queryCacheKey != null)
        {
            // Check if we have any parameters set to null, since this can invalidate a datastore compilation
            // e.g " field == :val" can be "COL IS NULL" or "COL = "
            boolean nullParameter = false;
            if (parameterValues != null)
            {
                Iterator iter = parameterValues.values().iterator();
                while (iter.hasNext())
                {
                    Object val = iter.next();
                    if (val == null)
                    {
                        nullParameter = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            if (!nullParameter)
            {
                // Allowing caching so try to find compiled (datastore) query
                datastoreCompilation = (RDBMSQueryCompilation)qm.getDatastoreQueryCompilation(datastoreKey,
                    getLanguage(), queryCacheKey);
                if (datastoreCompilation != null)
                {
                    // Cached compilation exists for this datastore so reuse it
                    setResultDistinct(compilation.getResultDistinct());
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        // Compile the query for the datastore since not cached
        AbstractClassMetaData acmd = getCandidateClassMetaData();
        if (type == Query.BULK_UPDATE)
        {
            datastoreCompilation = new RDBMSQueryCompilation();
            compileQueryUpdate(parameterValues, acmd);
        }
        else if (type == Query.BULK_DELETE)
        {
            datastoreCompilation = new RDBMSQueryCompilation();
            compileQueryDelete(parameterValues, acmd);
        }
        else
        {
            datastoreCompilation = new RDBMSQueryCompilation();
            synchronized (datastoreCompilation)
            {
                if (inMemory)
                {
                    // Generate statement to just retrieve all candidate objects for later processing
                    compileQueryToRetrieveCandidates(parameterValues, acmd);
                }
                else
                {
                    // Generate statement to perform the full query in the datastore
                    compileQueryFull(parameterValues, acmd);

                    if (result != null)
                    {
                        // Check existence of invalid selections in the result
                        StatementResultMapping resultMapping = datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinition();
                        for (int i=0;i 1)
                                        {
                                            // Invalid number of result expressions
                                            throw new NucleusUserException(Localiser.msg("021201", resultClass.getName()));
                                        }

                                        Object stmtMap = resultMapping.getMappingForResultExpression(0);
                                        if (stmtMap instanceof StatementMappingIndex)
                                        {
                                            StatementMappingIndex idx = (StatementMappingIndex)stmtMap;
                                            Class exprType = idx.getMapping().getJavaType();
                                            boolean typeConsistent = false;
                                            if (exprType == resultClass)
                                            {
                                                typeConsistent = true;
                                            }
                                            else if (exprType.isPrimitive())
                                            {
                                                Class resultClassPrimitive = ClassUtils.getPrimitiveTypeForType(resultClass);
                                                if (resultClassPrimitive == exprType)
                                                {
                                                    typeConsistent = true;
                                                }
                                            }
                                            if (!typeConsistent)
                                            {
                                                // Inconsistent expression type not matching the result class type
                                                throw new NucleusUserException(Localiser.msg("021202", resultClass.getName(), exprType));
                                            }
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            // TODO Handle StatementClassMapping
                                            // TODO Handle StatementNewObjectMapping
                                            throw new NucleusUserException("Don't support result clause of " + 
                                                result + " with resultClass of " + resultClass.getName());
                                        }
                                    }
                                    else if (QueryUtils.resultClassIsUserType(resultClass.getName()))
                                    {
                                        // Check for valid constructor (either using param types, or using default ctr)
                                        Class[] ctrTypes = new Class[resultMapping.getNumberOfResultExpressions()];
                                        for (int i=0;i 0)
                {
                    hasParams = true;
                }

                if (!statementReturnsEmpty && queryCacheKey != null)
                {
                    // TODO Allow caching of queries with subqueries
                    if (!datastoreCompilation.isPrecompilable() || (datastoreCompilation.getSQL().indexOf('?') < 0 && hasParams))
                    {
                        // Some parameters had their clauses evaluated during compilation so the query
                        // didn't gain any parameters, so don't cache it
                        NucleusLogger.QUERY.debug(Localiser.msg("021075"));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        qm.addDatastoreQueryCompilation(datastoreKey, getLanguage(), queryCacheKey, datastoreCompilation);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convenience accessor for the SQL to invoke in the datastore for this query.
     * @return The SQL.
     */
    public String getSQL()
    {
        if (datastoreCompilation != null)
        {
            return datastoreCompilation.getSQL();
        }
        return null;
    }

    protected Object performExecute(Map parameters)
    {
        if (statementReturnsEmpty)
        {
            return Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
        }

        boolean inMemory = evaluateInMemory();
        if (candidateCollection != null)
        {
            // Supplied collection of instances, so evaluate in-memory
            if (candidateCollection.isEmpty())
            {
                return Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
            }
            else if (inMemory)
            {
                return new JDOQLEvaluator(this, new ArrayList(candidateCollection), compilation, parameters, clr).execute(true, true, true, true, true);
            }
        }
        else if (type == Query.SELECT)
        {
            // Query results are cached, so return those
            List cachedResults = getQueryManager().getQueryResult(this, parameters);
            if (cachedResults != null)
            {
                return new CandidateIdsQueryResult(this, cachedResults);
            }
        }

        Object results = null;
        RDBMSStoreManager storeMgr = (RDBMSStoreManager)getStoreManager();
        ManagedConnection mconn = storeMgr.getConnection(ec);
        try
        {
            // Execute the query
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            if (NucleusLogger.QUERY.isDebugEnabled())
            {
                NucleusLogger.QUERY.debug(Localiser.msg("021046", getLanguage(), getSingleStringQuery(), null));
            }

            AbstractClassMetaData acmd = ec.getMetaDataManager().getMetaDataForClass(candidateClass, clr);
            SQLController sqlControl = storeMgr.getSQLController();
            PreparedStatement ps = null;
            try
            {
                if (type == Query.SELECT)
                {
                    // Create PreparedStatement and apply parameters, result settings etc
                    ps = RDBMSQueryUtils.getPreparedStatementForQuery(mconn, datastoreCompilation.getSQL(), this);
                    SQLStatementHelper.applyParametersToStatement(ps, ec, datastoreCompilation.getStatementParameters(), datastoreCompilation.getParameterNameByPosition(), parameters);
                    RDBMSQueryUtils.prepareStatementForExecution(ps, this, true);

                    registerTask(ps);
                    ResultSet rs = null;
                    try
                    {
                        rs = sqlControl.executeStatementQuery(ec, mconn, toString(), ps);
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        deregisterTask();
                    }

                    AbstractRDBMSQueryResult qr = null;
                    try
                    {
                        if (inMemory)
                        {
                            // IN-MEMORY EVALUATION
                            ResultObjectFactory rof = storeMgr.newResultObjectFactory(acmd, datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinitionForClass(), ignoreCache, getFetchPlan(), candidateClass);

                            // Just instantiate the candidates for later in-memory processing
                            // TODO Use a queryResult rather than an ArrayList so we load when required
                            List candidates = new ArrayList();
                            while (rs.next())
                            {
                                candidates.add(rof.getObject(ec, rs));
                            }

                            // Perform in-memory filter/result/order etc
                            results = new JDOQLEvaluator(this, candidates, compilation, parameters, clr).execute(true, true, true, true, true);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // IN-DATASTORE EVALUATION
                            ResultObjectFactory rof = null;
                            if (result != null)
                            {
                                // Each result row is of a result type
                                rof = new ResultClassROF(storeMgr, resultClass, datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinition());
                            }
                            else if (resultClass != null && resultClass != candidateClass)
                            {
                                rof = new ResultClassROF(storeMgr, resultClass, datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinitionForClass());
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                // Each result row is a candidate object
                                rof = storeMgr.newResultObjectFactory(acmd, datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinitionForClass(), ignoreCache, getFetchPlan(), candidateClass);
                            }

                            // Create the required type of QueryResult
                            String resultSetType = RDBMSQueryUtils.getResultSetTypeForQuery(this);
                            if (resultSetType.equals("scroll-insensitive") || resultSetType.equals("scroll-sensitive"))
                            {
                                qr = new ScrollableQueryResult(this, rof, rs, getResultDistinct() ? null : candidateCollection);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                qr = new ForwardQueryResult(this, rof, rs, getResultDistinct() ? null : candidateCollection);
                            }

                            // Register any bulk loaded member resultSets that need loading
                            Map scoIterStmts = datastoreCompilation.getSCOIteratorStatements();
                            if (scoIterStmts != null)
                            {
                                Iterator> scoStmtIter = scoIterStmts.entrySet().iterator();
                                while (scoStmtIter.hasNext())
                                {
                                    Map.Entry stmtIterEntry = scoStmtIter.next();
                                    IteratorStatement iterStmt = stmtIterEntry.getValue();
                                    String iterStmtSQL = iterStmt.getSQLStatement().getSelectStatement().toSQL();
                                    NucleusLogger.DATASTORE_RETRIEVE.debug(">> JDOQL Bulk-Fetch of " + iterStmt.getBackingStore().getOwnerMemberMetaData().getFullFieldName());
                                    try
                                    {
                                        PreparedStatement psSco = sqlControl.getStatementForQuery(mconn, iterStmtSQL);
                                        if (datastoreCompilation.getStatementParameters() != null)
                                        {
                                            BulkFetchExistsHelper helper = new BulkFetchExistsHelper(this);
                                            helper.applyParametersToStatement(psSco, datastoreCompilation, iterStmt.getSQLStatement(), parameters);
                                        }
                                        ResultSet rsSCO = sqlControl.executeStatementQuery(ec, mconn, iterStmtSQL, psSco);
                                        qr.registerMemberBulkResultSet(iterStmt, rsSCO);
                                    }
                                    catch (SQLException e)
                                    {
                                        throw new NucleusDataStoreException(Localiser.msg("056006", iterStmtSQL), e);
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            // Initialise the QueryResult for use
                            qr.initialise();

                            // Add hooks for closing query resources
                            final QueryResult qr1 = qr;
                            final ManagedConnection mconn1 = mconn;
                            ManagedConnectionResourceListener listener = new ManagedConnectionResourceListener()
                            {
                                public void transactionFlushed(){}
                                public void transactionPreClose()
                                {
                                    // Tx : disconnect query from ManagedConnection (read in unread rows etc)
                                    qr1.disconnect();
                                }
                                public void managedConnectionPreClose()
                                {
                                    if (!ec.getTransaction().isActive())
                                    {
                                        // Non-Tx : disconnect query from ManagedConnection (read in unread rows etc)
                                        qr1.disconnect();
                                    }
                                }
                                public void managedConnectionPostClose(){}
                                public void resourcePostClose()
                                {
                                    mconn1.removeListener(this);
                                }
                            };
                            mconn.addListener(listener);
                            qr.addConnectionListener(listener);
                            results = qr;
                        }
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        if (qr == null)
                        {
                            rs.close();
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (type == Query.BULK_UPDATE)
                {
                    // Create PreparedStatement and apply parameters, result settings etc
                    // TODO Cater for multiple UPDATE statements (datastoreCompilation.getSQLs())
                    ps = sqlControl.getStatementForUpdate(mconn, datastoreCompilation.getSQL(), false);
                    SQLStatementHelper.applyParametersToStatement(ps, ec, datastoreCompilation.getStatementParameters(), datastoreCompilation.getParameterNameByPosition(), parameters);
                    RDBMSQueryUtils.prepareStatementForExecution(ps, this, false);

                    int[] updateResults = sqlControl.executeStatementUpdate(ec, mconn, toString(), ps, true);
                    try
                    {
                        // Evict all objects of this type from the cache
                        ec.getNucleusContext().getLevel2Cache().evictAll(candidateClass, subclasses);
                    }
                    catch (UnsupportedOperationException uoe)
                    {
                        // Do nothing
                    }

                    results = Long.valueOf(updateResults[0]);
                }
                else if (type == Query.BULK_UPDATE || type == Query.BULK_DELETE)
                {
                    long bulkResult = 0;
                    if (datastoreCompilation.getSQL() != null)
                    {
                        ps = sqlControl.getStatementForUpdate(mconn, datastoreCompilation.getSQL(), false);
                        SQLStatementHelper.applyParametersToStatement(ps, ec, datastoreCompilation.getStatementParameters(), datastoreCompilation.getParameterNameByPosition(), parameters);
                        RDBMSQueryUtils.prepareStatementForExecution(ps, this, false);

                        int[] execResults = sqlControl.executeStatementUpdate(ec, mconn, toString(), ps, true);
                        bulkResult = execResults[0];
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        List sqls = datastoreCompilation.getSQLs();
                        List sqlUseInCountFlags = datastoreCompilation.getSQLUseInCountFlags();
                        Iterator sqlUseInCountIter = sqlUseInCountFlags.iterator();
                        for (String sql : sqls)
                        {
                            Boolean useInCount = sqlUseInCountIter.next();
                            ps = sqlControl.getStatementForUpdate(mconn, sql, false);
                            SQLStatementHelper.applyParametersToStatement(ps, ec, datastoreCompilation.getStatementParameters(), datastoreCompilation.getParameterNameByPosition(), parameters);
                            RDBMSQueryUtils.prepareStatementForExecution(ps, this, false);

                            int[] execResults = sqlControl.executeStatementUpdate(ec, mconn, toString(), ps, true);
                            if (useInCount)
                            {
                                bulkResult += execResults[0];
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    try
                    {
                        // Evict all objects of this type from the cache
                        ec.getNucleusContext().getLevel2Cache().evictAll(candidateClass, subclasses);
                    }
                    catch (UnsupportedOperationException uoe)
                    {
                        // Do nothing
                    }

                    results = bulkResult;
                }
            }
            catch (SQLException sqle)
            {
                if (storeMgr.getDatastoreAdapter().isStatementCancel(sqle))
                {
                    throw new QueryInterruptedException("Query has been interrupted", sqle);
                }
                else if (storeMgr.getDatastoreAdapter().isStatementTimeout(sqle))
                {
                    throw new QueryTimeoutException("Query has been timed out", sqle);
                }
                throw new NucleusException(Localiser.msg("021042", datastoreCompilation.getSQL()), sqle);
            }

            if (NucleusLogger.QUERY.isDebugEnabled())
            {
                NucleusLogger.QUERY.debug(Localiser.msg("021074", getLanguage(), "" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime)));
            }
            return results;
        }
        finally
        {
            mconn.release();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Method that will throw an {@link UnsupportedOperationException} if the query implementation doesn't
     * support cancelling queries.
     */
    protected void assertSupportsCancel()
    {
        // We support cancel via JDBC PreparedStatement.cancel();
    }

    protected boolean cancelTaskObject(Object obj)
    {
        Statement ps = (Statement)obj;
        try
        {
            ps.cancel();
            return true;
        }
        catch (SQLException sqle)
        {
            NucleusLogger.DATASTORE_RETRIEVE.warn("Error cancelling query", sqle);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convenience method for whether this query supports timeouts.
     * @return Whether timeouts are supported.
     */
    protected boolean supportsTimeout()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Method to set the (native) query statement for the compiled query as a whole.
     * @param parameters Input parameters (if known)
     * @param candidateCmd Metadata for the candidate class
     */
    private void compileQueryFull(Map parameters, AbstractClassMetaData candidateCmd)
    {
        if (type != Query.SELECT)
        {
            return;
        }

        long startTime = 0;
        if (NucleusLogger.QUERY.isDebugEnabled())
        {
            startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            NucleusLogger.QUERY.debug(Localiser.msg("021083", getLanguage(), toString()));
        }

        if (result != null)
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setResultDefinition(new StatementResultMapping());
        }
        else
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setResultDefinitionForClass(new StatementClassMapping());
        }

        // Generate statement for candidate(s)
        SQLStatement stmt = null;
        try
        {
            stmt = RDBMSQueryUtils.getStatementForCandidates((RDBMSStoreManager) getStoreManager(), null, candidateCmd,
                datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinitionForClass(), ec, candidateClass, subclasses, result, null, null);
        }
        catch (NucleusException ne)
        {
            // Statement would result in no results, so just catch it and avoid generating the statement
            NucleusLogger.QUERY.warn("Query for candidates of " + candidateClass.getName() +
                (subclasses ? " and subclasses" : "") + " resulted in no possible candidates", ne);
            statementReturnsEmpty = true;
            return;
        }

        // Update the SQLStatement with filter, ordering, result etc
        Set options = new HashSet();
        options.add(QueryToSQLMapper.OPTION_BULK_UPDATE_VERSION);
        if (getBooleanExtensionProperty(EXTENSION_USE_IS_NULL_WHEN_EQUALS_NULL_PARAM, true))
        {
            options.add(QueryToSQLMapper.OPTION_NULL_PARAM_USE_IS_NULL);
        }
        QueryToSQLMapper sqlMapper = new QueryToSQLMapper(stmt, compilation, parameters,
            datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinitionForClass(), datastoreCompilation.getResultDefinition(),
            candidateCmd, subclasses, getFetchPlan(), ec, getParsedImports(), options, extensions);
        sqlMapper.compile();
        datastoreCompilation.setParameterNameByPosition(sqlMapper.getParameterNameByPosition());
        datastoreCompilation.setPrecompilable(sqlMapper.isPrecompilable());
        if (!getResultDistinct() && stmt.isDistinct())
        {
            setResultDistinct(true);
            compilation.setResultDistinct();
        }

        if (candidateCollection != null)
        {
            // Restrict to the supplied candidate ids
            BooleanExpression candidateExpr = null;
            Iterator iter = candidateCollection.iterator();
            JavaTypeMapping idMapping = stmt.getPrimaryTable().getTable().getIdMapping();
            while (iter.hasNext())
            {
                Object candidate = iter.next();
                SQLExpression idExpr = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newExpression(stmt, stmt.getPrimaryTable(), idMapping);
                SQLExpression idVal = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newLiteral(stmt, idMapping, candidate);
                if (candidateExpr == null)
                {
                    candidateExpr = idExpr.eq(idVal);
                }
                else
                {
                    candidateExpr = candidateExpr.ior(idExpr.eq(idVal));
                }
            }
            stmt.whereAnd(candidateExpr, true);
        }

        // Apply any range
        if (range != null)
        {
            long lower = fromInclNo;
            long upper = toExclNo;
            if (fromInclParam != null)
            {
                if (parameters.containsKey(fromInclParam))
                {
                    lower = ((Number)parameters.get(fromInclParam)).longValue();
                }
                else
                {
                    // Must be numbered input so take penultimate
                    lower = ((Number)parameters.get(Integer.valueOf(parameters.size()-2))).longValue();
                }
            }
            if (toExclParam != null)
            {
                if (parameters.containsKey(toExclParam))
                {
                    upper = ((Number)parameters.get(toExclParam)).longValue();
                }
                else
                {
                    // Must be numbered input so take ultimate
                    upper = ((Number)parameters.get(Integer.valueOf(parameters.size()-1))).longValue();
                }
            }
            stmt.setRange(lower, upper-lower);
        }

        // Set any extensions
        boolean useUpdateLock = RDBMSQueryUtils.useUpdateLockForQuery(this);
        stmt.addExtension("lock-for-update", Boolean.valueOf(useUpdateLock));

        datastoreCompilation.setSQL(stmt.getSelectStatement().toString());
        datastoreCompilation.setStatementParameters(stmt.getSelectStatement().getParametersForStatement());

        if (result == null && !(resultClass != null && resultClass != candidateClass))
        {
            // Select of candidates, so check for any multi-valued fields that are marked for fetching
            FetchPlanForClass fpc = getFetchPlan().getFetchPlanForClass(candidateCmd);
            int[] fpMembers = fpc.getMemberNumbers();
            for (int i=0;i tables = new ArrayList();
        tables.add(new BulkTable(candidateTbl, true));
        if (inhStr != InheritanceStrategy.COMPLETE_TABLE)
        {
            // Add deletion from superclass tables since we will have an entry there
            while (candidateTbl.getSuperDatastoreClass() != null)
            {
                candidateTbl = candidateTbl.getSuperDatastoreClass();
                tables.add(new BulkTable(candidateTbl, false));
            }
        }

        Collection subclassNames = storeMgr.getSubClassesForClass(candidateCmd.getFullClassName(), true, clr);
        if (subclassNames != null && !subclassNames.isEmpty())
        {
            // Check for subclasses having their own tables and hence needing multiple DELETEs
            Iterator iter = subclassNames.iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext())
            {
                String subclassName = iter.next();
                DatastoreClass subclassTbl = storeMgr.getDatastoreClass(subclassName, clr);
                if (candidateTbl != subclassTbl)
                {
                    // Only include BulkTable in count if using COMPLETE_TABLE strategy
                    tables.add(0, new BulkTable(subclassTbl, inhStr == InheritanceStrategy.COMPLETE_TABLE));
                }
            }
        }

        List sqls = new ArrayList();
        List sqlCountFlags = new ArrayList();
        for (BulkTable bulkTable : tables)
        {
            // Generate statement for candidate
            DatastoreClass table = bulkTable.table;

            SQLStatement stmt = new SQLStatement(storeMgr, table, null, null);
            stmt.setClassLoaderResolver(clr);
            stmt.setCandidateClassName(candidateCmd.getFullClassName());

            if (table.getMultitenancyMapping() != null)
            {
                // Multi-tenancy restriction
                JavaTypeMapping tenantMapping = table.getMultitenancyMapping();
                SQLTable tenantSqlTbl = stmt.getPrimaryTable();
                SQLExpression tenantExpr = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newExpression(stmt, tenantSqlTbl, tenantMapping);
                SQLExpression tenantVal = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newLiteral(stmt, tenantMapping, storeMgr.getStringProperty(PropertyNames.PROPERTY_MAPPING_TENANT_ID));
                stmt.whereAnd(tenantExpr.eq(tenantVal), true);
            }
            // TODO Discriminator restriction?

            Set options = new HashSet();
            if (getBooleanExtensionProperty(EXTENSION_USE_IS_NULL_WHEN_EQUALS_NULL_PARAM, true))
            {
                options.add(QueryToSQLMapper.OPTION_NULL_PARAM_USE_IS_NULL);
            }
            QueryToSQLMapper sqlMapper = new QueryToSQLMapper(stmt, compilation, parameterValues, null, null, candidateCmd, subclasses, getFetchPlan(), ec, null, options, extensions);
            sqlMapper.setDefaultJoinType(JoinType.INNER_JOIN);
            sqlMapper.compile();

            if (stmt.hasUpdates())
            {
                sqls.add(stmt.getUpdateStatement().toString());
                sqlCountFlags.add(bulkTable.useInCount);

                datastoreCompilation.setStatementParameters(stmt.getSelectStatement().getParametersForStatement());
            }
        }

        if (sqls.size() == 1)
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setSQL(sqls.get(0));
        }
        else
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setSQL(sqls, sqlCountFlags);
        }
    }

    private class BulkTable
    {
        DatastoreClass table;
        boolean useInCount;
        public BulkTable(DatastoreClass tbl, boolean useInCount)
        {
            this.table = tbl;
            this.useInCount = useInCount;
        }
        public String toString() { return table.toString(); }
    }

    /**
     * Method to compile the query for RDBMS for a bulk delete.
     * @param parameterValues The parameter values (if any)
     * @param candidateCmd Meta-data for the candidate class
     */
    protected void compileQueryDelete(Map parameterValues, AbstractClassMetaData candidateCmd)
    {
        RDBMSStoreManager storeMgr = (RDBMSStoreManager)getStoreManager();
        DatastoreClass candidateTbl = storeMgr.getDatastoreClass(candidateCmd.getFullClassName(), clr);
        if (candidateTbl == null)
        {
            // TODO Using subclass-table, so find the table(s) it can be persisted into
            throw new NucleusDataStoreException("Bulk delete of " + candidateCmd.getFullClassName() + " not supported since candidate has no table of its own");
        }

        InheritanceStrategy inhStr = candidateCmd.getBaseAbstractClassMetaData().getInheritanceMetaData().getStrategy();

        List tables = new ArrayList();
        tables.add(new BulkTable(candidateTbl, true));
        if (inhStr != InheritanceStrategy.COMPLETE_TABLE)
        {
            // Add deletion from superclass tables since we will have an entry there
            while (candidateTbl.getSuperDatastoreClass() != null)
            {
                candidateTbl = candidateTbl.getSuperDatastoreClass();
                tables.add(new BulkTable(candidateTbl, false));
            }
        }

        Collection subclassNames = storeMgr.getSubClassesForClass(candidateCmd.getFullClassName(), true, clr);
        if (subclassNames != null && !subclassNames.isEmpty())
        {
            // Check for subclasses having their own tables and hence needing multiple DELETEs
            Iterator iter = subclassNames.iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext())
            {
                String subclassName = iter.next();
                DatastoreClass subclassTbl = storeMgr.getDatastoreClass(subclassName, clr);
                if (candidateTbl != subclassTbl)
                {
                    // Only include BulkTable in count if using COMPLETE_TABLE strategy
                    tables.add(0, new BulkTable(subclassTbl, inhStr == InheritanceStrategy.COMPLETE_TABLE));
                }
            }
        }

        List sqls = new ArrayList();
        List sqlCountFlags = new ArrayList();
        for (BulkTable bulkTable : tables)
        {
            // Generate statement for candidate
            DatastoreClass table = bulkTable.table;
            SQLStatement stmt = new SQLStatement(storeMgr, table, null, null);
            stmt.setClassLoaderResolver(clr);
            stmt.setCandidateClassName(candidateCmd.getFullClassName());

            if (table.getMultitenancyMapping() != null)
            {
                // Multi-tenancy restriction
                JavaTypeMapping tenantMapping = table.getMultitenancyMapping();
                SQLTable tenantSqlTbl = stmt.getPrimaryTable();
                SQLExpression tenantExpr = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newExpression(stmt, tenantSqlTbl, tenantMapping);
                SQLExpression tenantVal = stmt.getSQLExpressionFactory().newLiteral(stmt, tenantMapping, storeMgr.getStringProperty(PropertyNames.PROPERTY_MAPPING_TENANT_ID));
                stmt.whereAnd(tenantExpr.eq(tenantVal), true);
            }
            // TODO Discriminator restriction?

            Set options = new HashSet();
            if (getBooleanExtensionProperty(EXTENSION_USE_IS_NULL_WHEN_EQUALS_NULL_PARAM, true))
            {
                options.add(QueryToSQLMapper.OPTION_NULL_PARAM_USE_IS_NULL);
            }
            options.add(QueryToSQLMapper.OPTION_BULK_DELETE_NO_RESULT);
            QueryToSQLMapper sqlMapper = new QueryToSQLMapper(stmt, compilation, parameterValues, null, null, candidateCmd, subclasses, getFetchPlan(), ec, null, options, extensions);
            sqlMapper.setDefaultJoinType(JoinType.INNER_JOIN);
            sqlMapper.compile();

            sqls.add(stmt.getDeleteStatement().toString());
            sqlCountFlags.add(bulkTable.useInCount);
            datastoreCompilation.setStatementParameters(stmt.getDeleteStatement().getParametersForStatement());
        }

        if (sqls.size() == 1)
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setSQL(sqls.get(0));
        }
        else
        {
            datastoreCompilation.setSQL(sqls, sqlCountFlags);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Method to return the names of the extensions supported by this query.
     * To be overridden by subclasses where they support additional extensions.
     * @return The supported extension names
     */
    public Set getSupportedExtensions()
    {
        Set supported = super.getSupportedExtensions();
        supported.add(RDBMSPropertyNames.PROPERTY_RDBMS_QUERY_RESULT_SET_TYPE);
        supported.add(RDBMSPropertyNames.PROPERTY_RDBMS_QUERY_RESULT_SET_CONCURRENCY);
        supported.add(RDBMSPropertyNames.PROPERTY_RDBMS_QUERY_FETCH_DIRECTION);
        return supported;
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.datanucleus.store.query.Query#processesRangeInDatastoreQuery()
     */
    @Override
    public boolean processesRangeInDatastoreQuery()
    {
        if (range == null)
        {
            // No range specified so makes no difference
            return true;
        }

        RDBMSStoreManager storeMgr = (RDBMSStoreManager)getStoreManager();
        DatastoreAdapter dba = storeMgr.getDatastoreAdapter();
        boolean using_limit_where_clause = (dba.getRangeByLimitEndOfStatementClause(fromInclNo, toExclNo).length() > 0);
        boolean using_rownum = (dba.getRangeByRowNumberColumn().length() > 0) || (dba.getRangeByRowNumberColumn2().length() > 0);

        return using_limit_where_clause || using_rownum;
    }

    /**
     * Add a vendor-specific extension this query.
     * Intercepts any setting of in-memory evaluation, so we can throw away any datastore compilation.
     * @param key the extension key
     * @param value the extension value
     */
    public void addExtension(String key, Object value)
    {
        if (key != null && key.equals(EXTENSION_EVALUATE_IN_MEMORY))
        {
            datastoreCompilation = null;
            getQueryManager().deleteDatastoreQueryCompilation(getStoreManager().getQueryCacheKey(), getLanguage(), toString());
        }
        super.addExtension(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * Set multiple extensions, or use null to clear extensions.
     * Intercepts any settong of in-memory evaluation, so we can throw away any datastore compilation.
     * @param extensions Query extensions
     */
    public void setExtensions(Map extensions)
    {
        if (extensions != null && extensions.containsKey(EXTENSION_EVALUATE_IN_MEMORY))
        {
            datastoreCompilation = null;
            getQueryManager().deleteDatastoreQueryCompilation(getStoreManager().getQueryCacheKey(), getLanguage(), toString());
        }
        super.setExtensions(extensions);
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.datanucleus.store.query.Query#getNativeQuery()
     */
    @Override
    public Object getNativeQuery()
    {
        if (datastoreCompilation != null)
        {
            return datastoreCompilation.getSQL();
        }
        return super.getNativeQuery();
    }
} 















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