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/*-
 *
 *  * Copyright 2015 Skymind,Inc.
 *  *
 *  *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *  *
 *  *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *  *
 *  *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  *    limitations under the License.
 *
 */

package org.deeplearning4j.nn.params;


import org.deeplearning4j.nn.api.ParamInitializer;
import org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.NeuralNetConfiguration;
import org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.distribution.Distributions;
import org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.Layer;
import org.deeplearning4j.nn.weights.WeightInitUtil;
import org.nd4j.linalg.api.ndarray.INDArray;
import org.nd4j.linalg.api.rng.distribution.Distribution;
import org.nd4j.linalg.indexing.NDArrayIndex;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Initialize convolution params.
 *
 * @author Adam Gibson
 */
public class ConvolutionParamInitializer implements ParamInitializer {

    private static final ConvolutionParamInitializer INSTANCE = new ConvolutionParamInitializer();

    public static ConvolutionParamInitializer getInstance() {
        return INSTANCE;
    }


    public final static String WEIGHT_KEY = DefaultParamInitializer.WEIGHT_KEY;
    public final static String BIAS_KEY = DefaultParamInitializer.BIAS_KEY;

    @Override
    public int numParams(NeuralNetConfiguration conf) {
        return numParams(conf.getLayer());
    }

    @Override
    public int numParams(Layer l) {
        org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer layerConf =
                        (org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) l;

        int[] kernel = layerConf.getKernelSize();
        int nIn = layerConf.getNIn();
        int nOut = layerConf.getNOut();
        return nIn * nOut * kernel[0] * kernel[1] + nOut;
    }

    @Override
    public Map init(NeuralNetConfiguration conf, INDArray paramsView, boolean initializeParams) {
        if (((org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) conf.getLayer()).getKernelSize().length != 2)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Filter size must be == 2");

        Map params = Collections.synchronizedMap(new LinkedHashMap());

        org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer layerConf =
                        (org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) conf.getLayer();

        int[] kernel = layerConf.getKernelSize();
        int nIn = layerConf.getNIn();
        int nOut = layerConf.getNOut();

        INDArray biasView = paramsView.get(NDArrayIndex.point(0), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, nOut));
        INDArray weightView = paramsView.get(NDArrayIndex.point(0), NDArrayIndex.interval(nOut, numParams(conf)));

        params.put(BIAS_KEY, createBias(conf, biasView, initializeParams));
        params.put(WEIGHT_KEY, createWeightMatrix(conf, weightView, initializeParams));
        conf.addVariable(WEIGHT_KEY);
        conf.addVariable(BIAS_KEY);

        return params;
    }

    @Override
    public Map getGradientsFromFlattened(NeuralNetConfiguration conf, INDArray gradientView) {

        org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer layerConf =
                        (org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) conf.getLayer();

        int[] kernel = layerConf.getKernelSize();
        int nIn = layerConf.getNIn();
        int nOut = layerConf.getNOut();

        INDArray biasGradientView = gradientView.get(NDArrayIndex.point(0), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, nOut));
        INDArray weightGradientView =
                        gradientView.get(NDArrayIndex.point(0), NDArrayIndex.interval(nOut, numParams(conf)))
                                        .reshape('c', nOut, nIn, kernel[0], kernel[1]);

        Map out = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        out.put(BIAS_KEY, biasGradientView);
        out.put(WEIGHT_KEY, weightGradientView);
        return out;
    }

    //1 bias per feature map
    protected INDArray createBias(NeuralNetConfiguration conf, INDArray biasView, boolean initializeParams) {
        //the bias is a 1D tensor -- one bias per output feature map
        org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer layerConf =
                        (org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) conf.getLayer();
        if (initializeParams)
            biasView.assign(layerConf.getBiasInit());
        return biasView;
    }


    protected INDArray createWeightMatrix(NeuralNetConfiguration conf, INDArray weightView, boolean initializeParams) {
        /*
         Create a 4d weight matrix of:
           (number of kernels, num input channels, kernel height, kernel width)
         Note c order is used specifically for the CNN weights, as opposed to f order elsewhere
         Inputs to the convolution layer are:
         (batch size, num input feature maps, image height, image width)
         */
        org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer layerConf =
                        (org.deeplearning4j.nn.conf.layers.ConvolutionLayer) conf.getLayer();
        if (initializeParams) {
            Distribution dist = Distributions.createDistribution(layerConf.getDist());
            int[] kernel = layerConf.getKernelSize();
            int[] stride = layerConf.getStride();

            int inputDepth = layerConf.getNIn();
            int outputDepth = layerConf.getNOut();

            double fanIn = inputDepth * kernel[0] * kernel[1];
            double fanOut = outputDepth * kernel[0] * kernel[1] / ((double) stride[0] * stride[1]);

            int[] weightsShape = new int[] {outputDepth, inputDepth, kernel[0], kernel[1]};

            return WeightInitUtil.initWeights(fanIn, fanOut, weightsShape, layerConf.getWeightInit(), dist, 'c',
                            weightView);
        } else {
            int[] kernel = layerConf.getKernelSize();
            return WeightInitUtil.reshapeWeights(
                            new int[] {layerConf.getNOut(), layerConf.getNIn(), kernel[0], kernel[1]}, weightView, 'c');
        }
    }
}