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Utility classes for Jetty
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//
//  ========================================================================
//  Copyright (c) 1995-2022 Mort Bay Consulting Pty Ltd and others.
//  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
//  are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
//  and Apache License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution.
//
//      The Eclipse Public License is available at
//      http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
//
//      The Apache License v2.0 is available at
//      http://www.opensource.org/licenses/apache2.0.php
//
//  You may elect to redistribute this code under either of these licenses.
//  ========================================================================
//

package org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

import org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log;

/**
 * An executor than ensurers serial execution of submitted tasks.
 * 
 * Callers of this execute will never block in the executor, but they may
 * be required to either execute the task they submit or tasks submitted
 * by other threads whilst they are executing tasks.
 * 
 * 
 * This class was inspired by the public domain class
 * NonBlockingMutexExecutor
 * 
 */
public class SerializedExecutor implements Executor
{
    private final AtomicReference _tail = new AtomicReference<>();

    @Override
    public void execute(Runnable task)
    {
        Link link = new Link(task);
        Link lastButOne = _tail.getAndSet(link);
        if (lastButOne == null)
            run(link);
        else
            lastButOne._next.lazySet(link);
    }

    protected void onError(Runnable task, Throwable t)
    {
        if (task instanceof ErrorHandlingTask)
            ((ErrorHandlingTask)task).accept(t);
        Log.getLogger(task.getClass()).warn(t);
    }

    private void run(Link link)
    {
        while (link != null)
        {
            try
            {
                link._task.run();
            }
            catch (Throwable t)
            {
                onError(link._task, t);
            }
            finally
            {
                // Are we the current the last Link?
                if (_tail.compareAndSet(link, null))
                    link = null;
                else
                {
                    // not the last task, so its next link will eventually be set
                    Link next = link._next.get();
                    while (next == null)
                    {
                        Thread.yield(); // Thread.onSpinWait();
                        next = link._next.get();
                    }
                    link = next;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private class Link
    {
        private final Runnable _task;
        private final AtomicReference _next = new AtomicReference<>();

        public Link(Runnable task)
        {
            _task = task;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Error handling task
     * If a submitted task implements this interface, it will be passed
     * any exceptions thrown when running the task.
     */
    public interface ErrorHandlingTask extends Runnable, Consumer
    {}
}