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/*
 * Licensed to Elasticsearch under one or more contributor
 * license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright
 * ownership. Elasticsearch licenses this file to you under
 * the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
 * not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.elasticsearch.hadoop.util;

/*
 * Taken from Lucene codebase, namely org.apache.lucene.util.UnicodeUtil
 * All copyrights apply.
 * License header for that code follows:
 */

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/*
 * Some of this code came from the excellent Unicode
 * conversion examples from:
 *
 *   http://www.unicode.org/Public/PROGRAMS/CVTUTF
 *
 * Full Copyright for that code follows:
*/

/*
 * Copyright 2001-2004 Unicode, Inc.
 *
 * Disclaimer
 *
 * This source code is provided as is by Unicode, Inc. No claims are
 * made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any
 * kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine
 * applicability of information provided. If this file has been
 * purchased on magnetic or optical media from Unicode, Inc., the
 * sole remedy for any claim will be exchange of defective media
 * within 90 days of receipt.
 *
 * Limitations on Rights to Redistribute This Code
 *
 * Unicode, Inc. hereby grants the right to freely use the information
 * supplied in this file in the creation of products supporting the
 * Unicode Standard, and to make copies of this file in any form
 * for internal or external distribution as long as this notice
 * remains attached.
 */

/*
 * Additional code came from the IBM ICU library.
 *
 *  http://www.icu-project.org
 *
 * Full Copyright for that code follows.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2010, International Business Machines
 * Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, and/or sell copies of the
 * Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
 * provided that the above copyright notice(s) and this permission notice appear
 * in all copies of the Software and that both the above copyright notice(s) and
 * this permission notice appear in supporting documentation.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
 * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
 * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Except as contained in this notice, the name of a copyright holder shall not
 * be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other
 * dealings in this Software without prior written authorization of the
 * copyright holder.
 */

/**
 * Class to encode java's UTF16 char[] into UTF8 byte[]
 * without always allocating a new byte[] as
 * String.getBytes("UTF-8") does.
 *
 * @lucene.internal
 */
class UnicodeUtil {

    private UnicodeUtil() {} // no instance

    public static final int UNI_SUR_HIGH_START = 0xD800;
    public static final int UNI_SUR_HIGH_END = 0xDBFF;
    public static final int UNI_SUR_LOW_START = 0xDC00;
    public static final int UNI_SUR_LOW_END = 0xDFFF;
    public static final int UNI_REPLACEMENT_CHAR = 0xFFFD;

    private static final long HALF_SHIFT = 10;

    private static final int SURROGATE_OFFSET =
            Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT -
            (UNI_SUR_HIGH_START << HALF_SHIFT) - UNI_SUR_LOW_START;

    static void UTF16toUTF8(final CharSequence s, final int offset, final int length, BytesArray result) {
        final int end = offset + length;

        result.size = 0;
        byte[] out = result.bytes;
        // Pre-allocate for worst case 4-for-1
        final int maxLen = length * 4;
        if (out.length < maxLen)
          out = result.bytes = new byte[maxLen];

        int upto = 0;
        for(int i=offset;i> 6));
            out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
          } else if (code < 0xD800 || code > 0xDFFF) {
            out[upto++] = (byte)(0xE0 | (code >> 12));
            out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
            out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
          } else {
            // surrogate pair
            // confirm valid high surrogate
            if (code < 0xDC00 && (i < end-1)) {
              int utf32 = (int) s.charAt(i+1);
              // confirm valid low surrogate and write pair
              if (utf32 >= 0xDC00 && utf32 <= 0xDFFF) {
                utf32 = (code << 10) + utf32 + SURROGATE_OFFSET;
                i++;
                out[upto++] = (byte)(0xF0 | (utf32 >> 18));
                out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | ((utf32 >> 12) & 0x3F));
                out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | ((utf32 >> 6) & 0x3F));
                out[upto++] = (byte)(0x80 | (utf32 & 0x3F));
                continue;
              }
            }
            // replace unpaired surrogate or out-of-order low surrogate
            // with substitution character
            out[upto++] = (byte) 0xEF;
            out[upto++] = (byte) 0xBF;
            out[upto++] = (byte) 0xBD;
          }
        }
        //assert matches(s, offset, length, out, upto);
        result.size = upto;
      }
}




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