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/*
* Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
* or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
* 2.0 and the Server Side Public License, v 1; you may not use this file except
* in compliance with, at your election, the Elastic License 2.0 or the Server
* Side Public License, v 1.
*/
package org.elasticsearch.gateway;
import com.carrotsearch.hppc.cursors.ObjectObjectCursor;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.lucene.store.AlreadyClosedException;
import org.apache.lucene.util.SetOnce;
import org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException;
import org.elasticsearch.ExceptionsHelper;
import org.elasticsearch.Version;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterChangedEvent;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterName;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterState;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterStateApplier;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.coordination.CoordinationMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.coordination.CoordinationState.PersistedState;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.coordination.InMemoryPersistedState;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexMetadataVerifier;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexTemplateMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.Manifest;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.Metadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.ClusterService;
import org.elasticsearch.common.collect.ImmutableOpenMap;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.AbstractRunnable;
import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.EsExecutors;
import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.EsThreadPoolExecutor;
import org.elasticsearch.core.Tuple;
import org.elasticsearch.core.internal.io.IOUtils;
import org.elasticsearch.discovery.DiscoveryModule;
import org.elasticsearch.env.NodeMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.node.Node;
import org.elasticsearch.plugins.MetadataUpgrader;
import org.elasticsearch.threadpool.ThreadPool;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.TransportService;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
import static org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.EsExecutors.daemonThreadFactory;
/**
* Loads (and maybe upgrades) cluster metadata at startup, and persistently stores cluster metadata for future restarts.
*
* When started, ensures that this version is compatible with the state stored on disk, and performs a state upgrade if necessary. Note that
* the state being loaded when constructing the instance of this class is not necessarily the state that will be used as {@link
* ClusterState#metadata()} because it might be stale or incomplete. Master-eligible nodes must perform an election to find a complete and
* non-stale state, and master-ineligible nodes receive the real cluster state from the elected master after joining the cluster.
*/
public class GatewayMetaState implements Closeable {
/**
* Fake node ID for a voting configuration written by a master-ineligible data node to indicate that its on-disk state is potentially
* stale (since it is written asynchronously after application, rather than before acceptance). This node ID means that if the node is
* restarted as a master-eligible node then it does not win any elections until it has received a fresh cluster state.
*/
public static final String STALE_STATE_CONFIG_NODE_ID = "STALE_STATE_CONFIG";
// Set by calling start()
private final SetOnce persistedState = new SetOnce<>();
public PersistedState getPersistedState() {
final PersistedState persistedState = this.persistedState.get();
assert persistedState != null : "not started";
return persistedState;
}
public Metadata getMetadata() {
return getPersistedState().getLastAcceptedState().metadata();
}
public void start(
Settings settings,
TransportService transportService,
ClusterService clusterService,
MetaStateService metaStateService,
IndexMetadataVerifier indexMetadataVerifier,
MetadataUpgrader metadataUpgrader,
PersistedClusterStateService persistedClusterStateService
) {
assert persistedState.get() == null : "should only start once, but already have " + persistedState.get();
if (DiscoveryModule.DISCOVERY_TYPE_SETTING.get(settings).equals(DiscoveryModule.ZEN_DISCOVERY_TYPE)) {
// only for tests that simulate mixed Zen1/Zen2 clusters, see Zen1IT
final Tuple manifestClusterStateTuple;
try {
NodeMetadata.FORMAT.writeAndCleanup(
new NodeMetadata(persistedClusterStateService.getNodeId(), Version.CURRENT, Version.V_EMPTY),
persistedClusterStateService.getDataPaths()
);
manifestClusterStateTuple = metaStateService.loadFullState();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
}
final ClusterState clusterState = ClusterState.builder(ClusterName.CLUSTER_NAME_SETTING.get(settings))
.version(manifestClusterStateTuple.v1().getClusterStateVersion())
.metadata(manifestClusterStateTuple.v2())
.build();
try {
NodeMetadata.FORMAT.writeAndCleanup(
new NodeMetadata(
persistedClusterStateService.getNodeId(),
Version.CURRENT,
clusterState.metadata().oldestIndexVersion()
),
persistedClusterStateService.getDataPaths()
);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
}
final IncrementalClusterStateWriter incrementalClusterStateWriter = new IncrementalClusterStateWriter(
settings,
clusterService.getClusterSettings(),
metaStateService,
manifestClusterStateTuple.v1(),
prepareInitialClusterState(transportService, clusterService, clusterState),
transportService.getThreadPool()::relativeTimeInMillis
);
if (DiscoveryNode.isMasterNode(settings) || DiscoveryNode.canContainData(settings)) {
clusterService.addLowPriorityApplier(new GatewayClusterApplier(incrementalClusterStateWriter));
}
persistedState.set(new InMemoryPersistedState(manifestClusterStateTuple.v1().getCurrentTerm(), clusterState));
return;
}
if (DiscoveryNode.isMasterNode(settings) || DiscoveryNode.canContainData(settings)) {
try {
final PersistedClusterStateService.OnDiskState onDiskState = persistedClusterStateService.loadBestOnDiskState();
Metadata metadata = onDiskState.metadata;
long lastAcceptedVersion = onDiskState.lastAcceptedVersion;
long currentTerm = onDiskState.currentTerm;
if (onDiskState.empty()) {
assert Version.CURRENT.major <= Version.V_7_0_0.major + 1
: "legacy metadata loader is not needed anymore from v9 onwards";
final Tuple legacyState = metaStateService.loadFullState();
if (legacyState.v1().isEmpty() == false) {
metadata = legacyState.v2();
lastAcceptedVersion = legacyState.v1().getClusterStateVersion();
currentTerm = legacyState.v1().getCurrentTerm();
}
}
PersistedState persistedState = null;
boolean success = false;
try {
final ClusterState clusterState = prepareInitialClusterState(
transportService,
clusterService,
ClusterState.builder(ClusterName.CLUSTER_NAME_SETTING.get(settings))
.version(lastAcceptedVersion)
.metadata(upgradeMetadataForNode(metadata, indexMetadataVerifier, metadataUpgrader))
.build()
);
if (DiscoveryNode.isMasterNode(settings)) {
persistedState = new LucenePersistedState(persistedClusterStateService, currentTerm, clusterState);
} else {
persistedState = new AsyncPersistedState(
settings,
transportService.getThreadPool(),
new LucenePersistedState(persistedClusterStateService, currentTerm, clusterState)
);
}
if (DiscoveryNode.canContainData(settings)) {
metaStateService.unreferenceAll(); // unreference legacy files (only keep them for dangling indices functionality)
} else {
metaStateService.deleteAll(); // delete legacy files
}
// write legacy node metadata to prevent accidental downgrades from spawning empty cluster state
NodeMetadata.FORMAT.writeAndCleanup(
new NodeMetadata(
persistedClusterStateService.getNodeId(),
Version.CURRENT,
clusterState.metadata().oldestIndexVersion()
),
persistedClusterStateService.getDataPaths()
);
success = true;
} finally {
if (success == false) {
IOUtils.closeWhileHandlingException(persistedState);
}
}
this.persistedState.set(persistedState);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ElasticsearchException("failed to load metadata", e);
}
} else {
final long currentTerm = 0L;
final ClusterState clusterState = prepareInitialClusterState(
transportService,
clusterService,
ClusterState.builder(ClusterName.CLUSTER_NAME_SETTING.get(settings)).build()
);
if (persistedClusterStateService.getDataPaths().length > 0) {
// write empty cluster state just so that we have a persistent node id. There is no need to write out global metadata with
// cluster uuid as coordinating-only nodes do not snap into a cluster as they carry no state
try (PersistedClusterStateService.Writer persistenceWriter = persistedClusterStateService.createWriter()) {
persistenceWriter.writeFullStateAndCommit(currentTerm, clusterState);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ElasticsearchException("failed to load metadata", e);
}
try {
// delete legacy cluster state files
metaStateService.deleteAll();
// write legacy node metadata to prevent downgrades from spawning empty cluster state
NodeMetadata.FORMAT.writeAndCleanup(
new NodeMetadata(
persistedClusterStateService.getNodeId(),
Version.CURRENT,
clusterState.metadata().oldestIndexVersion()
),
persistedClusterStateService.getDataPaths()
);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
}
}
persistedState.set(new InMemoryPersistedState(currentTerm, clusterState));
}
}
// exposed so it can be overridden by tests
ClusterState prepareInitialClusterState(TransportService transportService, ClusterService clusterService, ClusterState clusterState) {
assert clusterState.nodes().getLocalNode() == null : "prepareInitialClusterState must only be called once";
assert transportService.getLocalNode() != null : "transport service is not yet started";
return Function.identity()
.andThen(ClusterStateUpdaters::addStateNotRecoveredBlock)
.andThen(state -> ClusterStateUpdaters.setLocalNode(state, transportService.getLocalNode()))
.andThen(state -> ClusterStateUpdaters.upgradeAndArchiveUnknownOrInvalidSettings(state, clusterService.getClusterSettings()))
.andThen(ClusterStateUpdaters::recoverClusterBlocks)
.apply(clusterState);
}
// exposed so it can be overridden by tests
Metadata upgradeMetadataForNode(Metadata metadata, IndexMetadataVerifier indexMetadataVerifier, MetadataUpgrader metadataUpgrader) {
return upgradeMetadata(metadata, indexMetadataVerifier, metadataUpgrader);
}
/**
* This method uses {@link IndexMetadataVerifier} to ensure that indices are compatible
* with the current version. It also calls into plugins to update their index templates.
*
* @return input metadata if no upgrade is needed or an upgraded metadata
*/
static Metadata upgradeMetadata(Metadata metadata, IndexMetadataVerifier indexMetadataVerifier, MetadataUpgrader metadataUpgrader) {
// upgrade index meta data
boolean changed = false;
final Metadata.Builder upgradedMetadata = Metadata.builder(metadata);
for (IndexMetadata indexMetadata : metadata) {
IndexMetadata newMetadata = indexMetadataVerifier.verifyIndexMetadata(
indexMetadata,
Version.CURRENT.minimumIndexCompatibilityVersion()
);
changed |= indexMetadata != newMetadata;
upgradedMetadata.put(newMetadata, false);
}
// upgrade current templates
if (applyPluginUpgraders(
metadata.getTemplates(),
metadataUpgrader.indexTemplateMetadataUpgraders,
upgradedMetadata::removeTemplate,
(s, indexTemplateMetadata) -> upgradedMetadata.put(indexTemplateMetadata)
)) {
changed = true;
}
return changed ? upgradedMetadata.build() : metadata;
}
private static boolean applyPluginUpgraders(
ImmutableOpenMap existingData,
UnaryOperator> upgrader,
Consumer removeData,
BiConsumer putData
) {
// collect current data
Map existingMap = new HashMap<>();
for (ObjectObjectCursor customCursor : existingData) {
existingMap.put(customCursor.key, customCursor.value);
}
// upgrade global custom meta data
Map upgradedCustoms = upgrader.apply(existingMap);
if (upgradedCustoms.equals(existingMap) == false) {
// remove all data first so a plugin can remove custom metadata or templates if needed
existingMap.keySet().forEach(removeData);
for (Map.Entry upgradedCustomEntry : upgradedCustoms.entrySet()) {
putData.accept(upgradedCustomEntry.getKey(), upgradedCustomEntry.getValue());
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
private static class GatewayClusterApplier implements ClusterStateApplier {
private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(GatewayClusterApplier.class);
private final IncrementalClusterStateWriter incrementalClusterStateWriter;
private GatewayClusterApplier(IncrementalClusterStateWriter incrementalClusterStateWriter) {
this.incrementalClusterStateWriter = incrementalClusterStateWriter;
}
@Override
public void applyClusterState(ClusterChangedEvent event) {
if (event.state().blocks().disableStatePersistence()) {
incrementalClusterStateWriter.setIncrementalWrite(false);
return;
}
try {
// Hack: This is to ensure that non-master-eligible Zen2 nodes always store a current term
// that's higher than the last accepted term.
// TODO: can we get rid of this hack?
if (event.state().term() > incrementalClusterStateWriter.getPreviousManifest().getCurrentTerm()) {
incrementalClusterStateWriter.setCurrentTerm(event.state().term());
}
incrementalClusterStateWriter.updateClusterState(event.state());
incrementalClusterStateWriter.setIncrementalWrite(true);
} catch (WriteStateException e) {
logger.warn("Exception occurred when storing new meta data", e);
}
}
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
IOUtils.close(persistedState.get());
}
// visible for testing
public boolean allPendingAsyncStatesWritten() {
final PersistedState ps = persistedState.get();
if (ps instanceof AsyncPersistedState) {
return ((AsyncPersistedState) ps).allPendingAsyncStatesWritten();
} else {
return true;
}
}
static class AsyncPersistedState extends InMemoryPersistedState {
private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(AsyncPersistedState.class);
static final String THREAD_NAME = "AsyncLucenePersistedState#updateTask";
private final EsThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor;
private final PersistedState persistedState;
boolean newCurrentTermQueued = false;
boolean newStateQueued = false;
private final Object mutex = new Object();
AsyncPersistedState(Settings settings, ThreadPool threadPool, PersistedState persistedState) {
super(persistedState.getCurrentTerm(), persistedState.getLastAcceptedState());
final String nodeName = Objects.requireNonNull(Node.NODE_NAME_SETTING.get(settings));
threadPoolExecutor = EsExecutors.newFixed(
nodeName + "/" + THREAD_NAME,
1,
1,
daemonThreadFactory(nodeName, THREAD_NAME),
threadPool.getThreadContext()
);
this.persistedState = persistedState;
}
@Override
public void setCurrentTerm(long currentTerm) {
synchronized (mutex) {
super.setCurrentTerm(currentTerm);
if (newCurrentTermQueued) {
logger.trace("term update already queued (setting term to {})", currentTerm);
} else {
logger.trace("queuing term update (setting term to {})", currentTerm);
newCurrentTermQueued = true;
if (newStateQueued == false) {
scheduleUpdate();
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void setLastAcceptedState(ClusterState clusterState) {
synchronized (mutex) {
super.setLastAcceptedState(clusterState);
if (newStateQueued) {
logger.trace("cluster state update already queued (setting cluster state to {})", clusterState.version());
} else {
logger.trace("queuing cluster state update (setting cluster state to {})", clusterState.version());
newStateQueued = true;
if (newCurrentTermQueued == false) {
scheduleUpdate();
}
}
}
}
private void scheduleUpdate() {
assert Thread.holdsLock(mutex);
assert threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().isEmpty() : "threadPoolExecutor queue not empty";
threadPoolExecutor.execute(new AbstractRunnable() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Exception e) {
logger.error("Exception occurred when storing new meta data", e);
}
@Override
public void onRejection(Exception e) {
assert threadPoolExecutor.isShutdown() : "only expect rejections when shutting down";
}
@Override
protected void doRun() {
final Long term;
final ClusterState clusterState;
synchronized (mutex) {
if (newCurrentTermQueued) {
term = getCurrentTerm();
logger.trace("resetting newCurrentTermQueued");
newCurrentTermQueued = false;
} else {
term = null;
}
if (newStateQueued) {
clusterState = getLastAcceptedState();
logger.trace("resetting newStateQueued");
newStateQueued = false;
} else {
clusterState = null;
}
}
// write current term before last accepted state so that it is never below term in last accepted state
if (term != null) {
persistedState.setCurrentTerm(term);
}
if (clusterState != null) {
persistedState.setLastAcceptedState(resetVotingConfiguration(clusterState));
}
}
});
}
static final CoordinationMetadata.VotingConfiguration staleStateConfiguration = new CoordinationMetadata.VotingConfiguration(
Collections.singleton(STALE_STATE_CONFIG_NODE_ID)
);
static ClusterState resetVotingConfiguration(ClusterState clusterState) {
CoordinationMetadata newCoordinationMetadata = CoordinationMetadata.builder(clusterState.coordinationMetadata())
.lastAcceptedConfiguration(staleStateConfiguration)
.lastCommittedConfiguration(staleStateConfiguration)
.build();
return ClusterState.builder(clusterState)
.metadata(Metadata.builder(clusterState.metadata()).coordinationMetadata(newCoordinationMetadata).build())
.build();
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
try {
ThreadPool.terminate(threadPoolExecutor, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} finally {
persistedState.close();
}
}
boolean allPendingAsyncStatesWritten() {
synchronized (mutex) {
if (newCurrentTermQueued || newStateQueued) {
return false;
}
return threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount() == 0;
}
}
}
/**
* Encapsulates the incremental writing of metadata to a {@link PersistedClusterStateService.Writer}.
*/
static class LucenePersistedState implements PersistedState {
private long currentTerm;
private ClusterState lastAcceptedState;
private final PersistedClusterStateService persistedClusterStateService;
// As the close method can be concurrently called to the other PersistedState methods, this class has extra protection in place.
private final AtomicReference persistenceWriter = new AtomicReference<>();
private boolean writeNextStateFully;
LucenePersistedState(PersistedClusterStateService persistedClusterStateService, long currentTerm, ClusterState lastAcceptedState)
throws IOException {
this.persistedClusterStateService = persistedClusterStateService;
this.currentTerm = currentTerm;
this.lastAcceptedState = lastAcceptedState;
// Write the whole state out to be sure it's fresh and using the latest format. Called during initialisation, so that
// (1) throwing an IOException is enough to halt the node, and
// (2) the index is currently empty since it was opened with IndexWriterConfig.OpenMode.CREATE
// In the common case it's actually sufficient to commit() the existing state and not do any indexing. For instance,
// this is true if there's only one data path on this master node, and the commit we just loaded was already written out
// by this version of Elasticsearch. TODO TBD should we avoid indexing when possible?
final PersistedClusterStateService.Writer writer = persistedClusterStateService.createWriter();
try {
writer.writeFullStateAndCommit(currentTerm, lastAcceptedState);
} catch (Exception e) {
try {
writer.close();
} catch (Exception e2) {
e.addSuppressed(e2);
}
throw e;
}
persistenceWriter.set(writer);
}
@Override
public long getCurrentTerm() {
return currentTerm;
}
@Override
public ClusterState getLastAcceptedState() {
return lastAcceptedState;
}
@Override
public void setCurrentTerm(long currentTerm) {
try {
if (writeNextStateFully) {
getWriterSafe().writeFullStateAndCommit(currentTerm, lastAcceptedState);
} else {
writeNextStateFully = true; // in case of failure; this flag is cleared on success
getWriterSafe().writeIncrementalTermUpdateAndCommit(
currentTerm,
lastAcceptedState.version(),
lastAcceptedState.metadata().oldestIndexVersion()
);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ElasticsearchException(e);
}
writeNextStateFully = false;
this.currentTerm = currentTerm;
}
@Override
public void setLastAcceptedState(ClusterState clusterState) {
try {
if (writeNextStateFully) {
getWriterSafe().writeFullStateAndCommit(currentTerm, clusterState);
} else {
writeNextStateFully = true; // in case of failure; this flag is cleared on success
if (clusterState.term() != lastAcceptedState.term()) {
assert clusterState.term() > lastAcceptedState.term() : clusterState.term() + " vs " + lastAcceptedState.term();
// In a new currentTerm, we cannot compare the persisted metadata's lastAcceptedVersion to those in the new state,
// so it's simplest to write everything again.
getWriterSafe().writeFullStateAndCommit(currentTerm, clusterState);
} else {
// Within the same currentTerm, we _can_ use metadata versions to skip unnecessary writing.
getWriterSafe().writeIncrementalStateAndCommit(currentTerm, lastAcceptedState, clusterState);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ElasticsearchException(e);
}
writeNextStateFully = false;
lastAcceptedState = clusterState;
}
private PersistedClusterStateService.Writer getWriterSafe() {
final PersistedClusterStateService.Writer writer = persistenceWriter.get();
if (writer == null) {
throw new AlreadyClosedException("persisted state has been closed");
}
if (writer.isOpen()) {
return writer;
} else {
try {
final PersistedClusterStateService.Writer newWriter = persistedClusterStateService.createWriter();
if (persistenceWriter.compareAndSet(writer, newWriter)) {
return newWriter;
} else {
assert persistenceWriter.get() == null : "expected no concurrent calls to getWriterSafe";
newWriter.close();
throw new AlreadyClosedException("persisted state has been closed");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw ExceptionsHelper.convertToRuntime(e);
}
}
}
@Override
public void close() throws IOException {
IOUtils.close(persistenceWriter.getAndSet(null));
}
}
}
