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Truffle is a multi-language framework for executing dynamic languages that achieves high performance when combined with Graal.

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2020, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
 *
 * Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
 * person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
 * data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
 * copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
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 * unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
 * the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
 *
 * (a) the Software, and
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 * (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
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 * is contributed by such licensors),
 *
 * without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
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 * Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
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 * This license is subject to the following condition:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
 * minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
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 *
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package com.oracle.truffle.polyglot;

import com.oracle.truffle.api.CallTarget;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.CompilerDirectives;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Cached;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.InteropLibrary;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.StopIterationException;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.TruffleObject;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.UnsupportedMessageException;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.library.CachedLibrary;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.profiles.BranchProfile;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.utilities.TriState;
import com.oracle.truffle.polyglot.PolyglotIteratorFactory.CacheFactory.HasNextNodeGen;
import com.oracle.truffle.polyglot.PolyglotIteratorFactory.CacheFactory.NextNodeGen;

import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Objects;

class PolyglotIterator implements Iterator, PolyglotWrapper {

    final Object guestObject;
    final PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext;
    final Cache cache;
    /**
     * Caches value returned from the {@link #hasNext()}. The {@link PolyglotIterator} needs to
     * preserve the Java {@link Iterator} contract requiring that when the
     * {@link Iterator#hasNext()} returns {@code true} the {@link Iterator#next()} does not throw
     * {@link NoSuchElementException}. The interop contract is weaker when the underlying data
     * structure is modified. We emulate the Java iterator behaviour by throwing a
     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} when we detect an inconsistency among
     * {@link InteropLibrary#hasIteratorNextElement(Object)} and
     * {@link InteropLibrary#getIteratorNextElement(Object)} calls. The {@link #lastHasNext} field
     * is used to detect such an inconsistency.
     */
    private TriState lastHasNext;

    /**
     * A flag marking the iterator as concurrently modified. When the {@link #next()} throws a
     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException} any other call to the {@link #next()} has to throw
     * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.
     */
    private boolean concurrentlyModified;

    PolyglotIterator(Class elementClass, Type elementType, Object array, PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext) {
        this.guestObject = array;
        this.languageContext = languageContext;
        this.cache = Cache.lookup(languageContext, array.getClass(), elementClass, elementType);
        lastHasNext = TriState.UNDEFINED;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getGuestObject() {
        return guestObject;
    }

    @Override
    public PolyglotLanguageContext getLanguageContext() {
        return languageContext;
    }

    @Override
    public PolyglotContextImpl getContext() {
        return languageContext.context;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if (lastHasNext == TriState.UNDEFINED) {
            lastHasNext = TriState.valueOf((Boolean) cache.hasNext.call(languageContext, guestObject));
        }
        return lastHasNext == TriState.TRUE ? true : false;
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public T next() {
        if (concurrentlyModified) {
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
        try {
            TriState prevHasNext = lastHasNext;
            if (lastHasNext == TriState.TRUE) {
                lastHasNext = TriState.UNDEFINED;
            }
            return (T) cache.next.call(languageContext, guestObject, prevHasNext);
        } catch (NoSuchElementException noSuchElementException) {
            lastHasNext = TriState.FALSE;
            throw noSuchElementException;
        } catch (ConcurrentModificationException concurrentModificationException) {
            concurrentlyModified = true;
            throw concurrentModificationException;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return PolyglotWrapper.toString(this);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return PolyglotWrapper.hashCode(languageContext, guestObject);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o instanceof PolyglotIterator) {
            return PolyglotWrapper.equals(languageContext, guestObject, ((PolyglotIterator) o).guestObject);
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    static final class Cache {

        final Class receiverClass;
        final Class valueClass;
        final Type valueType;
        final CallTarget hasNext;
        final CallTarget next;
        final CallTarget apply;

        private Cache(Class receiverClass, Class valueClass, Type valueType) {
            this.receiverClass = receiverClass;
            this.valueClass = valueClass;
            this.valueType = valueType;
            this.hasNext = HostToGuestRootNode.createTarget(HasNextNodeGen.create(this));
            this.next = HostToGuestRootNode.createTarget(NextNodeGen.create(this));
            this.apply = HostToGuestRootNode.createTarget(new Apply(this));
        }

        static Cache lookup(PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext, Class receiverClass, Class valueClass, Type valueType) {
            Key cacheKey = new Key(receiverClass, valueClass, valueType);
            Cache cache = HostToGuestRootNode.lookupHostCodeCache(languageContext, cacheKey, Cache.class);
            if (cache == null) {
                cache = HostToGuestRootNode.installHostCodeCache(languageContext, cacheKey, new Cache(receiverClass, valueClass, valueType), Cache.class);
            }
            assert cache.receiverClass == receiverClass;
            assert cache.valueClass == valueClass;
            assert Objects.equals(cache.valueType, valueType);
            return cache;
        }

        private static final class Key {

            private final Class receiverClass;
            private final Class valueClass;
            private final Type valueType;

            Key(Class receiverClass, Class valueClass, Type valueType) {
                this.receiverClass = Objects.requireNonNull(receiverClass);
                this.valueClass = Objects.requireNonNull(valueClass);
                this.valueType = valueType;
            }

            @Override
            public int hashCode() {
                int res = receiverClass.hashCode();
                res = res * 31 + valueClass.hashCode();
                res = res * 31 + (valueType == null ? 0 : valueType.hashCode());
                return res;
            }

            @Override
            public boolean equals(Object obj) {
                if (this == obj) {
                    return true;
                } else if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
                    return false;
                }
                Key other = (Key) obj;
                return receiverClass == other.receiverClass && valueClass == other.valueClass && Objects.equals(valueType, other.valueType);
            }
        }

        abstract static class PolyglotIteratorNode extends HostToGuestRootNode {

            static final int LIMIT = 5;

            final Cache cache;

            PolyglotIteratorNode(Cache cache) {
                this.cache = cache;
            }

            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            @Override
            protected Class getReceiverType() {
                return (Class) cache.receiverClass;
            }

            @Override
            public final String getName() {
                return "PolyglotIterator<" + cache.receiverClass + ", " + cache.valueType + ">." + getOperationName();
            }

            protected abstract String getOperationName();

        }

        abstract static class HasNextNode extends PolyglotIteratorNode {

            HasNextNode(Cache cache) {
                super(cache);
            }

            @Override
            protected String getOperationName() {
                return "hasNext";
            }

            @Specialization(limit = "LIMIT")
            @SuppressWarnings("unused")
            Object doCached(PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext, Object receiver, Object[] args,
                            @CachedLibrary("receiver") InteropLibrary iterators,
                            @Cached BranchProfile error) {
                try {
                    return iterators.hasIteratorNextElement(receiver);
                } catch (UnsupportedMessageException e) {
                    error.enter();
                    throw PolyglotInteropErrors.iteratorUnsupported(languageContext, receiver, cache.valueType, "hasNext");
                }
            }
        }

        abstract static class NextNode extends PolyglotIteratorNode {

            NextNode(Cache cache) {
                super(cache);
            }

            @Override
            protected String getOperationName() {
                return "next";
            }

            @Specialization(limit = "LIMIT")
            @SuppressWarnings("unused")
            Object doCached(PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext, Object receiver, Object[] args,
                            @CachedLibrary("receiver") InteropLibrary iterators,
                            @Cached PolyglotToHostNode toHost,
                            @Cached BranchProfile error,
                            @Cached BranchProfile stop) {
                TriState lastHasNext = (TriState) args[ARGUMENT_OFFSET];
                try {
                    Object next = iterators.getIteratorNextElement(receiver);
                    if (lastHasNext == TriState.FALSE) {
                        error.enter();
                        throw PolyglotInteropErrors.iteratorConcurrentlyModified(languageContext, receiver, cache.valueType);
                    }
                    return toHost.execute(languageContext, next, cache.valueClass, cache.valueType);
                } catch (StopIterationException e) {
                    stop.enter();
                    if (lastHasNext == TriState.TRUE) {
                        throw PolyglotInteropErrors.iteratorConcurrentlyModified(languageContext, receiver, cache.valueType);
                    } else {
                        throw PolyglotInteropErrors.stopIteration(languageContext, receiver, cache.valueType);
                    }
                } catch (UnsupportedMessageException e) {
                    error.enter();
                    throw PolyglotInteropErrors.iteratorElementUnreadable(languageContext, receiver, cache.valueType);
                }
            }
        }

        private static class Apply extends PolyglotIteratorNode {

            @Child private PolyglotExecuteNode apply = PolyglotExecuteNodeGen.create();

            Apply(Cache cache) {
                super(cache);
            }

            @Override
            protected String getOperationName() {
                return "apply";
            }

            @Override
            protected Object executeImpl(PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext, Object receiver, Object[] args) {
                return apply.execute(languageContext, receiver, args[ARGUMENT_OFFSET]);
            }
        }
    }

    @CompilerDirectives.TruffleBoundary
    static  PolyglotIterator create(PolyglotLanguageContext languageContext, Object iterable, boolean implementFunction, Class elementClass, Type elementType) {
        if (implementFunction) {
            return new PolyglotIteratorAndFunction<>(elementClass, elementType, iterable, languageContext);
        } else {
            return new PolyglotIterator<>(elementClass, elementType, iterable, languageContext);
        }
    }
}




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