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Truffle SL is an example language implemented using the Truffle API.
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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2014, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
 *
 * Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
 * person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
 * data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
 * copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
 * freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
 * unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
 * the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
 *
 * (a) the Software, and
 *
 * (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
 * one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
 * is contributed by such licensors),
 *
 * without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
 * derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
 * use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
 * Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
 * either these or other terms.
 *
 * This license is subject to the following condition:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
 * minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
 * portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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 * SOFTWARE.
 */
package com.oracle.truffle.sl.builtins;

import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Cached;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.ImportStatic;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.instrumentation.AllocationReporter;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.ArityException;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.InteropLibrary;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.UnsupportedMessageException;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.UnsupportedTypeException;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.library.CachedLibrary;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.nodes.NodeInfo;
import com.oracle.truffle.sl.SLLanguage;
import com.oracle.truffle.sl.runtime.SLContext;
import com.oracle.truffle.sl.runtime.SLNull;
import com.oracle.truffle.sl.runtime.SLUndefinedNameException;

/**
 * Built-in function to create a new object. Objects in SL are simply made up of name/value pairs.
 */
@NodeInfo(shortName = "new")
@ImportStatic(SLContext.class)
public abstract class SLNewObjectBuiltin extends SLBuiltinNode {

    @Specialization
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    public Object newObject(SLNull o,
                    @Cached("lookup()") AllocationReporter reporter) {
        return SLLanguage.get(this).createObject(reporter);
    }

    final AllocationReporter lookup() {
        return SLContext.get(this).getAllocationReporter();
    }

    @Specialization(guards = "!values.isNull(obj)", limit = "3")
    public Object newObject(Object obj, @CachedLibrary("obj") InteropLibrary values) {
        try {
            return values.instantiate(obj);
        } catch (UnsupportedTypeException | ArityException | UnsupportedMessageException e) {
            /* Foreign access was not successful. */
            throw SLUndefinedNameException.undefinedFunction(this, obj);
        }
    }
}