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/* Copyright (c) 2001-2019, The HSQL Development Group
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package org.hsqldb;

import org.hsqldb.HsqlNameManager.HsqlName;
import org.hsqldb.error.Error;
import org.hsqldb.error.ErrorCode;
import org.hsqldb.index.Index;
import org.hsqldb.lib.ArrayUtil;
import org.hsqldb.lib.HsqlList;
import org.hsqldb.lib.OrderedHashSet;
import org.hsqldb.navigator.RangeIterator;
import org.hsqldb.navigator.RowIterator;
import org.hsqldb.persist.PersistentStore;
import org.hsqldb.result.Result;
import org.hsqldb.rights.Grantee;
import org.hsqldb.types.Type;

/**
 * Implementation of a table constraint with references to the indexes used
 * by the constraint.

* * @author Fred Toussi (fredt@users dot sourceforge.net) * @version 2.5.0 * @since 1.6.0 */ public final class Constraint implements SchemaObject { ConstraintCore core; private HsqlName name; int constType; boolean isForward; // Expression check; private boolean isNotNull; int notNullColumnIndex; RangeVariable rangeVariable; // for temp constraints only OrderedHashSet mainColSet; OrderedHashSet refColSet; boolean isSimpleIdentityPK; // public static final Constraint[] emptyArray = new Constraint[]{}; private Constraint() {} /** * Constructor declaration for PK and UNIQUE */ public Constraint(HsqlName name, Table t, Index index, int type) { this.name = name; constType = type; core = new ConstraintCore(); core.mainTable = t; core.mainIndex = index; core.mainCols = index.getColumns(); for (int i = 0; i < core.mainCols.length; i++) { Type dataType = t.getColumn(core.mainCols[i]).getDataType(); if (dataType.isLobType()) { throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42534); } } } public Constraint(HsqlName name, Table table, int[] cols, int type) { this.name = name; constType = type; core = new ConstraintCore(); core.mainTable = table; core.mainCols = cols; } /** * Constructor for main constraints (foreign key references in PK table) */ public Constraint(HsqlName name, Constraint fkconstraint) { this.name = name; constType = SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.MAIN; core = fkconstraint.core; } /** * General constructor for foreign key constraints. * * @param name name of constraint * @param refCols list of referencing columns * @param mainTableName referenced table * @param mainCols list of referenced columns * @param type constraint type * @param deleteAction triggered action on delete * @param updateAction triggered action on update * */ public Constraint(HsqlName name, HsqlName refTableName, OrderedHashSet refCols, HsqlName mainTableName, OrderedHashSet mainCols, int type, int deleteAction, int updateAction, int matchType) { this.name = name; constType = type; mainColSet = mainCols; refColSet = refCols; core = new ConstraintCore(); core.refTableName = refTableName; core.mainTableName = mainTableName; core.deleteAction = deleteAction; core.updateAction = updateAction; core.matchType = matchType; switch (core.deleteAction) { case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.CASCADE : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_DEFAULT : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_NULL : core.hasDeleteAction = true; break; default : } switch (core.updateAction) { case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.CASCADE : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_DEFAULT : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_NULL : core.hasUpdateAction = true; break; default : } } public Constraint(HsqlName name, OrderedHashSet mainCols, int type) { this.name = name; constType = type; mainColSet = mainCols; core = new ConstraintCore(); } public Constraint(HsqlName uniqueName, HsqlName mainName, HsqlName refName, Table mainTable, Table refTable, int[] mainCols, int[] refCols, Index mainIndex, Index refIndex, int deleteAction, int updateAction) { this.name = refName; constType = SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY; core = new ConstraintCore(); core.uniqueName = uniqueName; core.mainName = mainName; core.refName = refName; core.mainTable = mainTable; core.refTable = refTable; core.mainCols = mainCols; core.refCols = refCols; core.mainIndex = mainIndex; core.refIndex = refIndex; core.deleteAction = deleteAction; core.updateAction = updateAction; } Constraint duplicate() { Constraint copy = new Constraint(); copy.core = core.duplicate(); copy.name = name; copy.constType = constType; copy.isForward = isForward; // copy.check = check; copy.isNotNull = isNotNull; copy.notNullColumnIndex = notNullColumnIndex; copy.rangeVariable = rangeVariable; return copy; } void setSimpleIdentityPK() { isSimpleIdentityPK = true; } void setColumnsIndexes(Table table) { if (constType == SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY) { if (mainColSet == null) { core.mainCols = core.mainTable.getPrimaryKey(); if (core.mainCols == null) { throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42581); } } else if (core.mainCols == null) { core.mainCols = core.mainTable.getColumnIndexes(mainColSet); } if (core.refCols == null) { core.refCols = table.getColumnIndexes(refColSet); } for (int i = 0; i < core.refCols.length; i++) { Type dataType = table.getColumn(core.refCols[i]).getDataType(); if (dataType.isLobType()) { throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42534); } } if (core.mainCols.length != core.refCols.length) { throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42593); } } else if (mainColSet != null) { core.mainCols = table.getColumnIndexes(mainColSet); for (int i = 0; i < core.mainCols.length; i++) { Type dataType = table.getColumn(core.mainCols[i]).getDataType(); if (dataType.isLobType()) { throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42534); } } } } public int getType() { return SchemaObject.CONSTRAINT; } /** * Returns the HsqlName. */ public HsqlName getName() { return name; } public HsqlName getCatalogName() { return name.schema.schema; } public HsqlName getSchemaName() { return name.schema; } public Grantee getOwner() { return name.schema.owner; } public OrderedHashSet getReferences() { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : OrderedHashSet refs = new OrderedHashSet(); check.collectObjectNames(refs); for (int j = refs.size() - 1; j >= 0; j--) { HsqlName name = (HsqlName) refs.get(j); if (name.type == SchemaObject.COLUMN || name.type == SchemaObject.TABLE) { refs.remove(j); } } return refs; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : OrderedHashSet set = new OrderedHashSet(); set.add(core.uniqueName); return set; } return new OrderedHashSet(); } public OrderedHashSet getComponents() { return null; } public void compile(Session session, SchemaObject parentObject) {} public String getSQL() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); switch (getConstraintType()) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : if (getMainColumns().length > 1 || (getMainColumns().length == 1 && !getName().isReservedName())) { if (!getName().isReservedName()) { sb.append(Tokens.T_CONSTRAINT).append(' '); sb.append(getName().statementName).append(' '); } sb.append(Tokens.T_PRIMARY).append(' ').append( Tokens.T_KEY); sb.append( getMain().getColumnListSQL( getMainColumns(), getMainColumns().length)); } break; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : if (!getName().isReservedName()) { sb.append(Tokens.T_CONSTRAINT).append(' '); sb.append(getName().statementName); sb.append(' '); } sb.append(Tokens.T_UNIQUE); int[] col = getMainColumns(); sb.append(getMain().getColumnListSQL(col, col.length)); break; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : if (isForward) { sb.append(Tokens.T_ALTER).append(' ').append( Tokens.T_TABLE).append(' '); sb.append( getRef().getName().getSchemaQualifiedStatementName()); sb.append(' ').append(Tokens.T_ADD).append(' '); getFKStatement(sb); } else { getFKStatement(sb); } break; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : if (isNotNull()) { break; } if (!getName().isReservedName()) { sb.append(Tokens.T_CONSTRAINT).append(' '); sb.append(getName().statementName).append(' '); } sb.append(Tokens.T_CHECK).append('('); sb.append(check.getSQL()); sb.append(')'); // should not throw as it is already tested OK break; default : } return sb.toString(); } public long getChangeTimestamp() { return 0; } /** * Generates the foreign key declaration for a given Constraint object. */ private void getFKStatement(StringBuilder sb) { if (!getName().isReservedName()) { sb.append(Tokens.T_CONSTRAINT).append(' '); sb.append(getName().statementName); sb.append(' '); } sb.append(Tokens.T_FOREIGN).append(' ').append(Tokens.T_KEY); int[] col = getRefColumns(); sb.append(getRef().getColumnListSQL(col, col.length)); sb.append(' ').append(Tokens.T_REFERENCES).append(' '); sb.append(getMain().getName().getSchemaQualifiedStatementName()); col = getMainColumns(); sb.append(getMain().getColumnListSQL(col, col.length)); if (getDeleteAction() != SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.NO_ACTION) { sb.append(' ').append(Tokens.T_ON).append(' ').append( Tokens.T_DELETE).append(' '); sb.append(getDeleteActionString()); } if (getUpdateAction() != SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.NO_ACTION) { sb.append(' ').append(Tokens.T_ON).append(' ').append( Tokens.T_UPDATE).append(' '); sb.append(getUpdateActionString()); } } public HsqlName getMainTableName() { return core.mainTableName; } public HsqlName getMainName() { return core.mainName; } public HsqlName getRefName() { return core.refName; } public HsqlName getUniqueName() { return core.uniqueName; } /** * Returns the type of constraint */ public int getConstraintType() { return constType; } public boolean isUniqueOrPK() { return constType == SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE || constType == SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY; } /** * Returns the main table */ public Table getMain() { return core.mainTable; } /** * Returns the main index */ public Index getMainIndex() { return core.mainIndex; } /** * Returns the reference table */ public Table getRef() { return core.refTable; } /** * Returns the reference index */ public Index getRefIndex() { return core.refIndex; } /** * Returns the foreign key action rule. */ private static String getActionString(int action) { switch (action) { case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.RESTRICT : return Tokens.T_RESTRICT; case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.CASCADE : return Tokens.T_CASCADE; case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_DEFAULT : return Tokens.T_SET + ' ' + Tokens.T_DEFAULT; case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_NULL : return Tokens.T_SET + ' ' + Tokens.T_NULL; default : return Tokens.T_NO + ' ' + Tokens.T_ACTION; } } /** * The ON DELETE triggered action of (foreign key) constraint */ public int getDeleteAction() { return core.deleteAction; } public String getDeleteActionString() { return getActionString(core.deleteAction); } /** * The ON UPDATE triggered action of (foreign key) constraint */ public int getUpdateAction() { return core.updateAction; } public String getUpdateActionString() { return getActionString(core.updateAction); } public boolean hasTriggeredAction() { if (constType == SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY) { return hasCoreTriggeredAction(); } return false; } public boolean hasCoreTriggeredAction() { switch (core.deleteAction) { case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.CASCADE : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_DEFAULT : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_NULL : return true; } switch (core.updateAction) { case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.CASCADE : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_DEFAULT : case SchemaObject.ReferentialAction.SET_NULL : return true; } return false; } public int getDeferability() { return SchemaObject.Deferable.NOT_DEFERRABLE; } /** * Returns the main table column index array */ public int[] getMainColumns() { return core.mainCols; } /** * Returns the reference table column index array */ public int[] getRefColumns() { return core.refCols; } /** * Returns the SQL for the expression in CHECK clause */ public String getCheckSQL() { return check.getSQL(); } /** * Returns true if the expression in CHECK is a simple IS NOT NULL */ public boolean isNotNull() { return isNotNull; } boolean hasColumnOnly(int colIndex) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : return rangeVariable.usedColumns[colIndex] && ArrayUtil .countTrueElements(rangeVariable.usedColumns) == 1; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : return core.mainCols.length == 1 && core.mainCols[0] == colIndex; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.MAIN : return false; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : return core.refCols.length == 1 && core.refCols[0] == colIndex; default : throw Error.runtimeError(ErrorCode.U_S0500, "Constraint"); } } boolean hasColumnPlus(int colIndex) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : return rangeVariable.usedColumns[colIndex] && ArrayUtil .countTrueElements(rangeVariable.usedColumns) > 1; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : return core.mainCols.length != 1 && ArrayUtil.find(core.mainCols, colIndex) != -1; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.MAIN : return ArrayUtil.find(core.mainCols, colIndex) != -1; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : return core.refCols.length != 1 && ArrayUtil.find(core.refCols, colIndex) != -1; default : throw Error.runtimeError(ErrorCode.U_S0500, "Constraint"); } } boolean hasColumn(int colIndex) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : return rangeVariable.usedColumns[colIndex]; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.MAIN : return ArrayUtil.find(core.mainCols, colIndex) != -1; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : return ArrayUtil.find(core.refCols, colIndex) != -1; default : throw Error.runtimeError(ErrorCode.U_S0500, "Constraint"); } } /** * Compares this with another constraint column set. This is used only for * UNIQUE constraints. */ boolean isUniqueWithColumns(int[] cols) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : if (core.mainCols.length == cols.length) { return ArrayUtil.haveEqualSets(core.mainCols, cols, cols.length); } } return false; } /** * Compares this with another constraint column set. This implementation * only checks FOREIGN KEY constraints. */ boolean isEquivalent(Table mainTable, int[] mainCols, Table refTable, int[] refCols) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.MAIN : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : if (mainTable != core.mainTable || refTable != core.refTable) { return false; } if (core.mainCols.length == mainCols.length && core.refCols.length == refCols.length) { return ArrayUtil.areEqualSets(core.mainCols, mainCols) && ArrayUtil.areEqualSets(core.refCols, refCols); } } return false; } /** * Used to update constrains to reflect structural changes in a table. Prior * checks must ensure that this method does not throw. * * @param session Session * @param oldTable reference to the old version of the table * @param newTable reference to the new version of the table * @param colIndex indexes at which table column is added or removed * @param adjust -1, 0, +1 to indicate if column is added or removed */ void updateTable(Session session, Table oldTable, Table newTable, int[] colIndex, int adjust) { if (oldTable == core.mainTable) { core.mainTable = newTable; if (core.mainIndex != null) { core.mainIndex = core.mainTable.getSystemIndex( core.mainIndex.getName().name); core.mainCols = ArrayUtil.toAdjustedColumnArray(core.mainCols, colIndex, adjust); } } if (oldTable == core.refTable) { core.refTable = newTable; if (core.refIndex != null) { core.refIndex = core.refTable.getSystemIndex(core.refIndex.getName().name); core.refCols = ArrayUtil.toAdjustedColumnArray(core.refCols, colIndex, adjust); } } // CHECK if (constType == SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK) { recompile(session, newTable); } } /** * Checks for foreign key or check constraint violation when * inserting a row into the child table. */ void checkInsert(Session session, Table table, Object[] data, boolean isNew) { switch (constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : if (!isNotNull) { checkCheckConstraint(session, table, data); } return; case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : PersistentStore store = core.mainTable.getRowStore(session); if (ArrayUtil.hasNull(data, core.refCols)) { if (core.matchType == OpTypes.MATCH_SIMPLE) { return; } if (core.refCols.length == 1) { return; } if (ArrayUtil.hasAllNull(data, core.refCols)) { return; } // core.matchType == OpTypes.MATCH_FULL } else if (core.mainIndex.existsParent(session, store, data, core.refCols)) { return; } throw getException(data); } } /* * Tests a row against this CHECK constraint. */ void checkCheckConstraint(Session session, Table table, Object[] data) { RangeIterator it = session.sessionContext.getCheckIterator(rangeVariable); it.setCurrent(data); boolean nomatch = Boolean.FALSE.equals(check.getValue(session)); if (nomatch) { String[] info = new String[] { name.name, table.getName().name }; throw Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23513, ErrorCode.CONSTRAINT, info); } } void checkCheckConstraint(Session session, Table table, ColumnSchema column, Object data) { session.sessionData.currentValue = data; boolean nomatch = Boolean.FALSE.equals(check.getValue(session)); session.sessionData.currentValue = null; if (nomatch) { String[] info = new String[] { name.statementName, table == null ? "" : table.getName().statementName, column == null ? "" : column.getName().statementName, }; throw Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23513, ErrorCode.COLUMN_CONSTRAINT, info); } } public HsqlException getException(Object[] data) { switch (this.constType) { case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.CHECK : { String[] info = new String[]{ name.statementName }; return Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23513, ErrorCode.CONSTRAINT, info); } case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.FOREIGN_KEY : { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < core.refCols.length; i++) { Object o = data[core.refCols[i]]; if (i > 0) { sb.append(','); } sb.append(core.refTable.getColumnTypes()[core.refCols[i]] .convertToString(o)); } String[] info = new String[] { name.statementName, core.refTable.getName().statementName, sb.toString() }; return Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23503, ErrorCode.FK_CONSTRAINT, info); } case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.PRIMARY_KEY : case SchemaObject.ConstraintTypes.UNIQUE : { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < core.mainCols.length; i++) { Object o = data[core.mainCols[i]]; if (i > 0) { sb.append(','); } sb.append(core.mainTable.colTypes[core.mainCols[i]] .convertToString(o)); } return Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23505, ErrorCode.CONSTRAINT, new String[] { name.statementName, core.mainTable.getName().statementName, sb.toString() }); } default : throw Error.runtimeError(ErrorCode.U_S0500, "Constraint"); } } // fredt@users 20020225 - patch 1.7.0 - cascading deletes /** * New method to find any referencing row for a foreign key (finds row in * child table). If ON DELETE CASCADE is specified for this constraint, then * the method finds the first row among the rows of the table ordered by the * index and doesn't throw. Without ON DELETE CASCADE, the method attempts * to finds any row that exists. If no * row is found, null is returned. (fredt@users) * * @param session Session * @param row array of objects for a database row * @return iterator */ RowIterator findFkRef(Session session, Object[] row) { if (row == null || ArrayUtil.hasNull(row, core.mainCols)) { return core.refIndex.emptyIterator(); } PersistentStore store = core.refTable.getRowStore(session); return core.refIndex.findFirstRow(session, store, row, core.mainCols); } /** * Finds a row matching the values in UNIQUE columns. */ RowIterator findUniqueRows(Session session, Object[] row) { if (row == null || ArrayUtil.hasNull(row, core.mainCols)) { return core.mainIndex.emptyIterator(); } PersistentStore store = core.mainTable.getRowStore(session); return core.mainIndex.findFirstRow(session, store, row, core.mainCols); } /** * Check used before creating a new foreign key cosntraint, this method * checks all rows of a table to ensure they all have a corresponding * row in the main table. */ void checkReferencedRows(Session session, Table table) { RowIterator it = table.rowIterator(session); while (it.next()) { Object[] rowData = it.getCurrent(); checkInsert(session, table, rowData, false); } } public Expression getCheckExpression() { return check; } public OrderedHashSet getCheckColumnExpressions() { OrderedHashSet set = new OrderedHashSet(); check.collectAllExpressions(set, OpTypes.columnExpressionSet, OpTypes.emptyExpressionSet); return set; } void recompile(Session session, Table newTable) { check = getNewCheckExpression(session); // this workaround is here to stop LIKE optimisation (for proper scripting) QuerySpecification checkSelect = Expression.getCheckSelect(session, newTable, check); rangeVariable = checkSelect.rangeVariables[0]; rangeVariable.setForCheckConstraint(); } private Expression getNewCheckExpression(Session session) { String ddl = check.getSQL(); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(session, ddl); ParserDQL parser = new ParserDQL(session, scanner, null); parser.compileContext.setNextRangeVarIndex(0); parser.read(); parser.isCheckOrTriggerCondition = true; Expression condition = parser.XreadBooleanValueExpression(); return condition; } void prepareCheckConstraint(Session session, Table table) { // to ensure no subselects etc. are in condition check.checkValidCheckConstraint(); QuerySpecification checkSelect = Expression.getCheckSelect(session, table, check); rangeVariable = checkSelect.rangeVariables[0]; // removes reference to the Index object in range variable rangeVariable.setForCheckConstraint(); if (check.getType() == OpTypes.NOT && check.getLeftNode().getType() == OpTypes.IS_NULL && check.getLeftNode().getLeftNode().getType() == OpTypes.COLUMN) { notNullColumnIndex = check.getLeftNode().getLeftNode().getColumnIndex(); isNotNull = true; } } void prepareDomainCheckConstraint(Session session) { // to ensure no subselects etc. are in condition check.checkValidCheckConstraint(); HsqlList list = check.resolveColumnReferences(session, RangeGroup.emptyGroup, 0, RangeGroup.emptyArray, null, false); if (list != null) { Expression e = ((Expression) list.get(0)); throw Error.error(ErrorCode.X_42501, e.getSQL()); } check.resolveTypes(session, null); } void checkCheckConstraint(Session session, Table table) { if (table.getRowStore(session).elementCount() > 0) { Expression newCheck = getNewCheckExpression(session); QuerySpecification checkSelect = Expression.getCheckSelect(session, table, newCheck); Result r = checkSelect.getResult(session, 1); if (r.getNavigator().getSize() != 0) { String[] info = new String[] { name.statementName, table.getName().statementName }; throw Error.error(null, ErrorCode.X_23513, ErrorCode.CONSTRAINT, info); } } } }





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