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Xerces2 is the next generation of high performance, fully compliant XML parsers in the Apache Xerces family. This new version of Xerces introduces the Xerces Native Interface (XNI), a complete framework for building parser components and configurations that is extremely modular and easy to program.
The Apache Xerces2 parser is the reference implementation of XNI but other parser components, configurations, and parsers can be written using the Xerces Native Interface. For complete design and implementation documents, refer to the XNI Manual.
Xerces2 is a fully conforming XML Schema 1.0 processor. A partial experimental implementation of the XML Schema 1.1 Structures and Datatypes Working Drafts (December 2009) and an experimental implementation of the XML Schema Definition Language (XSD): Component Designators (SCD) Candidate Recommendation (January 2010) are provided for evaluation. For more information, refer to the XML Schema page.
Xerces2 also provides a complete implementation of the Document Object Model Level 3 Core and Load/Save W3C Recommendations and provides a complete implementation of the XML Inclusions (XInclude) W3C Recommendation. It also provides support for OASIS XML Catalogs v1.1.
Xerces2 is able to parse documents written according to the XML 1.1 Recommendation, except that it does not yet provide an option to enable normalization checking as described in section 2.13 of this specification. It also handles namespaces according to the XML Namespaces 1.1 Recommendation, and will correctly serialize XML 1.1 documents if the DOM level 3 load/save APIs are in use.
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package jaxp;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stax.StAXSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import javax.xml.validation.Validator;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXNotRecognizedException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXNotSupportedException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;
/**
* A sample demonstrating how to use the JAXP 1.4 Validation API
* to create a validator and use the validator to validate input
* from SAX, DOM, StAX or a stream. The output of this program shows
* the time spent executing the Validator.validate(Source) method.
*
* This class is useful as a "poor-man's" performance tester to
* compare the speed of various JAXP 1.4 validators with different
* input sources. However, it is important to note that the first
* validation time of a validator will include both VM class load time
* and validator initialization that would not be present in subsequent
* validations with the same document. Also note that when the source for
* validation is SAX, StAX or a stream, the validation time will also
* include the time to parse the document, whereas the DOM validation is
* completely in memory.
*
* Note: The results produced by this program
* should never be accepted as true performance measurements.
*
* @author Michael Glavassevich, IBM
*
* @version $Id$
*/
public class SourceValidator
implements ErrorHandler {
//
// Constants
//
// feature ids
/** Schema full checking feature id (http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema-full-checking). */
protected static final String SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID = "http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema-full-checking";
/** Honour all schema locations feature id (http://apache.org/xml/features/honour-all-schemaLocations). */
protected static final String HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID = "http://apache.org/xml/features/honour-all-schemaLocations";
/** Validate schema annotations feature id (http://apache.org/xml/features/validate-annotations) */
protected static final String VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID = "http://apache.org/xml/features/validate-annotations";
/** Generate synthetic schema annotations feature id (http://apache.org/xml/features/generate-synthetic-annotations). */
protected static final String GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID = "http://apache.org/xml/features/generate-synthetic-annotations";
// property ids
/** StAX support for reporting line and column numbers property id (javax.xml.stream.isSupportingLocationCoordinates). */
protected static final String IS_SUPPORTING_LOCATION_COORDINATES = "javax.xml.stream.isSupportingLocationCoordinates";
// default settings
/** Default schema language (http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema). */
protected static final String DEFAULT_SCHEMA_LANGUAGE = XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI;
/** Default repetition (1). */
protected static final int DEFAULT_REPETITION = 1;
/** Default validation source. */
protected static final String DEFAULT_VALIDATION_SOURCE = "sax";
/** Default schema full checking support (false). */
protected static final boolean DEFAULT_SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING = false;
/** Default honour all schema locations (false). */
protected static final boolean DEFAULT_HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS = false;
/** Default validate schema annotations (false). */
protected static final boolean DEFAULT_VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS = false;
/** Default generate synthetic schema annotations (false). */
protected static final boolean DEFAULT_GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS = false;
/** Default memory usage report (false). */
protected static final boolean DEFAULT_MEMORY_USAGE = false;
//
// Data
//
protected final PrintWriter fOut = new PrintWriter(System.out);
//
// Constructors
//
/** Default constructor. */
public SourceValidator() {
} // ()
//
// Public methods
//
public void validate(Validator validator,
Source source, String systemId,
int repetitions, boolean memoryUsage) {
try {
long timeBefore = System.currentTimeMillis();
long memoryBefore = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
for (int j = 0; j < repetitions; ++j) {
validator.validate(source);
}
long memoryAfter = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
long timeAfter = System.currentTimeMillis();
long time = timeAfter - timeBefore;
long memory = memoryUsage
? memoryBefore - memoryAfter : Long.MIN_VALUE;
printResults(fOut, systemId, time, memory, repetitions);
}
catch (SAXParseException e) {
// ignore
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("error: Parse error occurred - "+e.getMessage());
Exception se = e;
if (e instanceof SAXException) {
se = ((SAXException)e).getException();
}
if (se != null)
se.printStackTrace(System.err);
else
e.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
} // validate(Validator,Source,String,int,boolean)
public void validate(Validator validator,
XMLInputFactory xif, String systemId,
int repetitions, boolean memoryUsage) {
try {
Source source = new StreamSource(systemId);
long timeBefore = System.currentTimeMillis();
long memoryBefore = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
for (int j = 0; j < repetitions; ++j) {
XMLStreamReader reader = xif.createXMLStreamReader(source);
validator.validate(new StAXSource(reader));
reader.close();
}
long memoryAfter = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
long timeAfter = System.currentTimeMillis();
long time = timeAfter - timeBefore;
long memory = memoryUsage
? memoryBefore - memoryAfter : Long.MIN_VALUE;
printResults(fOut, systemId, time, memory, repetitions);
}
catch (SAXParseException e) {
// ignore
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("error: Parse error occurred - "+e.getMessage());
Exception se = e;
if (e instanceof SAXException) {
se = ((SAXException)e).getException();
}
if (se != null)
se.printStackTrace(System.err);
else
e.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
} // validate(Validator,XMLInputFactory,String,int,boolean)
/** Prints the results. */
public void printResults(PrintWriter out, String uri, long time,
long memory, int repetition) {
// filename.xml: 631 ms
out.print(uri);
out.print(": ");
if (repetition == 1) {
out.print(time);
}
else {
out.print(time);
out.print('/');
out.print(repetition);
out.print('=');
out.print(((float)time)/repetition);
}
out.print(" ms");
if (memory != Long.MIN_VALUE) {
out.print(", ");
out.print(memory);
out.print(" bytes");
}
out.println();
out.flush();
} // printResults(PrintWriter,String,long,long,int)
//
// ErrorHandler methods
//
/** Warning. */
public void warning(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException {
printError("Warning", ex);
} // warning(SAXParseException)
/** Error. */
public void error(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException {
printError("Error", ex);
} // error(SAXParseException)
/** Fatal error. */
public void fatalError(SAXParseException ex) throws SAXException {
printError("Fatal Error", ex);
throw ex;
} // fatalError(SAXParseException)
//
// Protected methods
//
/** Prints the error message. */
protected void printError(String type, SAXParseException ex) {
System.err.print("[");
System.err.print(type);
System.err.print("] ");
String systemId = ex.getSystemId();
if (systemId != null) {
int index = systemId.lastIndexOf('/');
if (index != -1)
systemId = systemId.substring(index + 1);
System.err.print(systemId);
}
System.err.print(':');
System.err.print(ex.getLineNumber());
System.err.print(':');
System.err.print(ex.getColumnNumber());
System.err.print(": ");
System.err.print(ex.getMessage());
System.err.println();
System.err.flush();
} // printError(String,SAXParseException)
//
// MAIN
//
/** Main program entry point. */
public static void main (String [] argv) {
// is there anything to do?
if (argv.length == 0) {
printUsage();
System.exit(1);
}
// variables
Vector schemas = null;
Vector instances = null;
String schemaLanguage = DEFAULT_SCHEMA_LANGUAGE;
int repetition = DEFAULT_REPETITION;
String validationSource = DEFAULT_VALIDATION_SOURCE;
boolean schemaFullChecking = DEFAULT_SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING;
boolean honourAllSchemaLocations = DEFAULT_HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS;
boolean validateAnnotations = DEFAULT_VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS;
boolean generateSyntheticAnnotations = DEFAULT_GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS;
boolean memoryUsage = DEFAULT_MEMORY_USAGE;
// process arguments
for (int i = 0; i < argv.length; ++i) {
String arg = argv[i];
if (arg.startsWith("-")) {
String option = arg.substring(1);
if (option.equals("l")) {
// get schema language name
if (++i == argv.length) {
System.err.println("error: Missing argument to -l option.");
}
else {
schemaLanguage = argv[i];
}
continue;
}
if (option.equals("x")) {
if (++i == argv.length) {
System.err.println("error: Missing argument to -x option.");
continue;
}
String number = argv[i];
try {
int value = Integer.parseInt(number);
if (value < 1) {
System.err.println("error: Repetition must be at least 1.");
continue;
}
repetition = value;
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.err.println("error: invalid number ("+number+").");
}
continue;
}
if (arg.equals("-a")) {
// process -a: schema documents
if (schemas == null) {
schemas = new Vector();
}
while (i + 1 < argv.length && !(arg = argv[i + 1]).startsWith("-")) {
schemas.add(arg);
++i;
}
continue;
}
if (arg.equals("-i")) {
// process -i: instance documents
if (instances == null) {
instances = new Vector();
}
while (i + 1 < argv.length && !(arg = argv[i + 1]).startsWith("-")) {
instances.add(arg);
++i;
}
continue;
}
if (arg.equals("-vs")) {
if (i + 1 < argv.length && !(arg = argv[i + 1]).startsWith("-")) {
if (arg.equals("sax") || arg.equals("dom") || arg.equals("stax") || arg.equals("stream")) {
validationSource = arg;
}
else {
System.err.println("error: unknown source type ("+arg+").");
}
}
continue;
}
if (option.equalsIgnoreCase("f")) {
schemaFullChecking = option.equals("f");
continue;
}
if (option.equalsIgnoreCase("hs")) {
honourAllSchemaLocations = option.equals("hs");
continue;
}
if (option.equalsIgnoreCase("va")) {
validateAnnotations = option.equals("va");
continue;
}
if (option.equalsIgnoreCase("ga")) {
generateSyntheticAnnotations = option.equals("ga");
continue;
}
if (option.equalsIgnoreCase("m")) {
memoryUsage = option.equals("m");
continue;
}
if (option.equals("h")) {
printUsage();
continue;
}
System.err.println("error: unknown option ("+option+").");
continue;
}
}
try {
// Create new instance of SourceValidator.
SourceValidator sourceValidator = new SourceValidator();
// Create SchemaFactory and configure
SchemaFactory factory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(schemaLanguage);
factory.setErrorHandler(sourceValidator);
try {
factory.setFeature(SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID, schemaFullChecking);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not recognize feature ("+SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not support feature ("+SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID+")");
}
try {
factory.setFeature(HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID, honourAllSchemaLocations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not recognize feature ("+HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not support feature ("+HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID+")");
}
try {
factory.setFeature(VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID, validateAnnotations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not recognize feature ("+VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not support feature ("+VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
try {
factory.setFeature(GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID, generateSyntheticAnnotations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not recognize feature ("+GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: SchemaFactory does not support feature ("+GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
// Build Schema from sources
Schema schema;
if (schemas != null && schemas.size() > 0) {
final int length = schemas.size();
StreamSource[] sources = new StreamSource[length];
for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
sources[j] = new StreamSource((String) schemas.elementAt(j));
}
schema = factory.newSchema(sources);
}
else {
schema = factory.newSchema();
}
// Setup validator and input source.
Validator validator = schema.newValidator();
validator.setErrorHandler(sourceValidator);
try {
validator.setFeature(SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID, schemaFullChecking);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not recognize feature ("+SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not support feature ("+SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING_FEATURE_ID+")");
}
try {
validator.setFeature(HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID, honourAllSchemaLocations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not recognize feature ("+HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not support feature ("+HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS_ID+")");
}
try {
validator.setFeature(VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID, validateAnnotations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not recognize feature ("+VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not support feature ("+VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
try {
validator.setFeature(GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID, generateSyntheticAnnotations);
}
catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not recognize feature ("+GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) {
System.err.println("warning: Validator does not support feature ("+GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS_ID+")");
}
// Validate instance documents
if (instances != null && instances.size() > 0) {
final int length = instances.size();
if (validationSource.equals("sax")) {
// SAXSource
XMLReader reader = XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader();
reader.setErrorHandler(sourceValidator);
for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
String systemId = (String) instances.elementAt(j);
SAXSource source = new SAXSource(reader, new InputSource(systemId));
sourceValidator.validate(validator, source, systemId, repetition, memoryUsage);
}
}
else if (validationSource.equals("dom")) {
// DOMSource
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
db.setErrorHandler(sourceValidator);
for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
String systemId = (String) instances.elementAt(j);
Document doc = db.parse(systemId);
DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
source.setSystemId(systemId);
sourceValidator.validate(validator, source, systemId, repetition, memoryUsage);
}
}
else if (validationSource.equals("stax")) {
// StAXSource
XMLInputFactory xif = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
try {
// Enable reporting of column and line numbers in XMLStreamReaders which support it.
xif.setProperty(IS_SUPPORTING_LOCATION_COORDINATES, Boolean.TRUE);
}
catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {}
for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
String systemId = (String) instances.elementAt(j);
sourceValidator.validate(validator, xif, systemId, repetition, memoryUsage);
}
}
else {
// StreamSource
for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
String systemId = (String) instances.elementAt(j);
StreamSource source = new StreamSource(systemId);
sourceValidator.validate(validator, source, systemId, repetition, memoryUsage);
}
}
}
}
catch (SAXParseException e) {
// ignore
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("error: Parse error occurred - "+e.getMessage());
if (e instanceof SAXException) {
Exception nested = ((SAXException)e).getException();
if (nested != null) {
e = nested;
}
}
e.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
} // main(String[])
//
// Private static methods
//
/** Prints the usage. */
private static void printUsage() {
System.err.println("usage: java jaxp.SourceValidator (options) ...");
System.err.println();
System.err.println("options:");
System.err.println(" -l name Select schema language by name.");
System.err.println(" -x number Select number of repetitions.");
System.err.println(" -a uri ... Provide a list of schema documents");
System.err.println(" -i uri ... Provide a list of instance documents to validate");
System.err.println(" -vs source Select validation source (sax|dom|stax|stream)");
System.err.println(" -f | -F Turn on/off Schema full checking.");
System.err.println(" NOTE: Not supported by all schema factories and validators.");
System.err.println(" -hs | -HS Turn on/off honouring of all schema locations.");
System.err.println(" NOTE: Not supported by all schema factories and validators.");
System.err.println(" -va | -VA Turn on/off validation of schema annotations.");
System.err.println(" NOTE: Not supported by all schema factories and validators.");
System.err.println(" -ga | -GA Turn on/off generation of synthetic schema annotations.");
System.err.println(" NOTE: Not supported by all schema factories and validators.");
System.err.println(" -m | -M Turn on/off memory usage report");
System.err.println(" -h This help screen.");
System.err.println();
System.err.println("defaults:");
System.err.println(" Schema language: " + DEFAULT_SCHEMA_LANGUAGE);
System.err.println(" Repetition: " + DEFAULT_REPETITION);
System.err.println(" Validation source: " + DEFAULT_VALIDATION_SOURCE);
System.err.print(" Schema full checking: ");
System.err.println(DEFAULT_SCHEMA_FULL_CHECKING ? "on" : "off");
System.err.print(" Honour all schema locations: ");
System.err.println(DEFAULT_HONOUR_ALL_SCHEMA_LOCATIONS ? "on" : "off");
System.err.print(" Validate annotations: ");
System.err.println(DEFAULT_VALIDATE_ANNOTATIONS ? "on" : "off");
System.err.print(" Generate synthetic annotations: ");
System.err.println(DEFAULT_GENERATE_SYNTHETIC_ANNOTATIONS ? "on" : "off");
System.err.print(" Memory: ");
System.err.println(DEFAULT_MEMORY_USAGE ? "on" : "off");
System.err.println();
System.err.println("notes:");
System.err.println(" The speed and memory results from this program should NOT be used as the");
System.err.println(" basis of parser performance comparison! Real analytical methods should be");
System.err.println(" used. For better results, perform multiple document validations within the");
System.err.println(" same virtual machine to remove class loading from parse time and memory usage.");
} // printUsage()
} // class SourceValidator
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