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package org.infinispan.distribution.ch;

import org.infinispan.commons.hash.Hash;
import org.infinispan.globalstate.ScopedPersistentState;
import org.infinispan.remoting.transport.Address;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * A consistent hash algorithm implementation. Implementations would typically be constructed via a
 * {@link ConsistentHashFactory}.
 *
 * A consistent hash assigns each key a list of owners; the number of owners is defined at creation time,
 * but the consistent hash is free to return a smaller or a larger number of owners, depending on
 * circumstances, as long as each key has at least one owner.
 *
 * The first element in the list of owners is the "primary owner". A key will always have a primary owner.
 * The other owners are called "backup owners".
 *
 * This interface gives access to some implementation details of the consistent hash.
 *
 * Our consistent hashes work by splitting the hash space (the set of possible hash codes) into
 * fixed segments and then assigning those segments to nodes dynamically. The number of segments
 * is defined at creation time, and the mapping of keys to segments never changes.
 * The mapping of segments to nodes can change as the membership of the cache changes.
 *
 * Normally application code doesn't need to know about this implementation detail, but some
 * applications may benefit from the knowledge that all the keys that map to one segment are
 * always located on the same server.
 *
 * @see Non-BlockingStateTransferV2
 *
 * @author Manik Surtani
 * @author [email protected]
 * @author Dan Berindei
 * @author [email protected]
 * @since 4.0
 */
public interface ConsistentHash {

   /**
    * @return The configured number of owners for each key. Note that {code @getOwners(key)} may return
    *         a different number of owners.
    */
   int getNumOwners();

   /**
    * @deprecated Since 8.2, the {@code Hash} is optional - replaced in the configuration by the
    * {@code KeyPartitioner}
    */
   @Deprecated
   default Hash getHashFunction() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
   }

   /**
    * @return The actual number of hash space segments. Note that it may not be the same as the number
    *         of segments passed in at creation time.
    */
   int getNumSegments();

   /**
    * Should return the addresses of the nodes used to create this consistent hash.
    *
    * @return set of node addresses.
    */
   List getMembers();

   /**
    * Should be equivalent to return the first element of {@link #locateOwners}.
    * Useful as a performance optimization, as this is a frequently needed information.
    * @param key key to locate
    * @return the address of the owner
    */
   default Address locatePrimaryOwner(Object key) {
      return locatePrimaryOwnerForSegment(getSegment(key));
   }

   /**
    * Finds all the owners of a key. The first element in the returned list is the primary owner.
    *
    * @param key key to locate
    * @return An unmodifiable list of addresses where the key resides.
    *         Will never be {@code null}, and it will always have at least 1 element.
    */
   default List locateOwners(Object key) {
      return locateOwnersForSegment(getSegment(key));
   }

   default Set locateAllOwners(Collection