org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.dfa.FirLocalVariableAssignmentAnalyzer.kt Maven / Gradle / Ivy
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/*
* Copyright 2010-2024 JetBrains s.r.o. and Kotlin Programming Language contributors.
* Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the license/LICENSE.txt file.
*/
package org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.resolve.dfa
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.KtFakeSourceElementKind
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.contracts.description.isInPlace
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.FirElement
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.FirSession
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.declarations.*
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.expressions.*
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.FirNamedReference
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.FirReference
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.references.toResolvedPropertySymbol
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.FirBasedSymbol
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.impl.FirFunctionSymbol
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.symbols.impl.FirPropertySymbol
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.types.ConeKotlinType
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.types.typeContext
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.fir.visitors.FirVisitor
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.name.Name
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.types.AbstractTypeChecker
/**
* Helper that checks if an access to a local variable access is stable.
*
* To determine the stability of an access, call [isAccessToUnstableLocalVariable]. Note that the class contains mutable states. So
* [isAccessToUnstableLocalVariable] only works for an access during the natural FIR tree traversal. This class will not work if one
* queries after the traversal is done.
**/
internal class FirLocalVariableAssignmentAnalyzer {
private var rootFunction: FirFunctionSymbol<*>? = null
private var assignedLocalVariablesByDeclaration: Map | FirLoop */, Fork>? = null
private var variableAssignments: Map>? = null
private val scopes: Stack> = stackOf()
// Example of control-flow-postponed lambdas: callBoth({ a.x }, { a = null })
// Lambdas are called in an unknown order, so control flow edges to both of them go from before the call.
// However, the assignment in the second lambda should invalidate the smart cast in the first.
//
// Example of data-flow-postponed lambdas: genericFunction(run { a = null }, a.x)
// Although in control flow the first lambda always executes before the second argument, in order to determine
// the type arguments to `run` - and thus resolve its argument lambda - we may have to resolve `a.x` first.
// Because smart casts can only get information from statements that have previously been resolved, data flows
// from the result of `run` to the result of `genericFunction` so smart casts should be prohibited in `a.x`.
//
// This mirrors `ControlFlowGraphBuilder.postponedLambdaExits`.
private val postponedLambdas: Stack?, session: FirSession): Boolean {
if (assignedLocalVariablesByDeclaration == null) return false
val realFir = fir.unwrapElement() as? FirQualifiedAccessExpression ?: return false
val property = realFir.calleeReference.toResolvedPropertySymbol()?.fir ?: return false
// Have data => have a root function => `scopes` is not empty.
return !isStableType(scopes.top().second[property], targetTypes, session) || postponedLambdas.all().any { lambdas ->
// Control-flow-postponed lambdas' assignments should be in `functionScopes.top()`.
// The reason we can't check them here is that one of the entries may be the lambda
// that is currently being analyzed, and assignments in it are, in fact, totally fine.
lambdas.any { (lambda, dataFlowOnly) -> dataFlowOnly && property in lambda.assignedInside }
}
}
private fun isStableType(assignments: Collection?, targetTypes: Set?, session: FirSession): Boolean {
if (assignments == null) return true // No assignments => always stable.
if (targetTypes == null) return false // No target type => always unstable.
if (assignments.any { it.type == null }) return false // At least 1 unknown assignment type => always unstable.
// Stability is determined by assignments. All assignments must be a subtype of all target types.
return assignments.all { assignment ->
targetTypes.all { AbstractTypeChecker.isSubtypeOf(session.typeContext, assignment.type!!, it) }
}
}
private fun getInfoForDeclaration(symbol: Any): Fork? {
val root = rootFunction ?: return null
if (root == symbol) return null
val cachedMap = buildInfoForRoot(root)
return cachedMap[symbol]
}
private fun buildInfoForRoot(root: FirFunctionSymbol<*>): Map {
assignedLocalVariablesByDeclaration?.let { return it }
val data = MiniCfgBuilder.MiniCfgData()
MiniCfgBuilder().visitElement(root.fir, data)
assignedLocalVariablesByDeclaration = data.forks
variableAssignments = data.assignments
return data.forks
}
private fun enterScope(
symbol: Any,
evaluatedInPlace: Boolean,
): Pair {
val currentInfo = getInfoForDeclaration(symbol)
val prohibitInThisScope = scopes.top().second.copy()
scopes.push(currentInfo to prohibitInThisScope)
if (!evaluatedInPlace) {
for ((outerInfo, prohibitInOuterScope) in scopes.all()) {
// The callable may be stored and then called later
// => any access of the variables it touches is no longer smartcastable ever,
// including within the callable itself (can recurse).
//
// TODO: this incorrectly affects separate branches that are visited after this one:
// if (p is Something) {
// if (condition)) {
// foo { p = whatever }
// p.memberOfSomething // Bad
// } else {
// p.memberOfSomething // Marked as an error, but actually OK
// }
// p.memberOfSomething // Bad
// }
// FE1.0 has the same behavior.
// KT-59692
prohibitInOuterScope.merge(currentInfo?.assignedInside)
// => any write to a variable outside the callable invalidates smart casts inside it
prohibitInThisScope.merge(outerInfo?.assignedLater)
}
}
return scopes.top()
}
/**
* Enters an [FirFunction] and returns all [FirPropertySymbol]s which are defined before the function that will be modified within the
* function.
*/
fun enterFunction(function: FirFunction): Set {
if (rootFunction == null) {
rootFunction = function.symbol
scopes.push(null to VariableAssignments())
return emptySet()
}
val (info, prohibitSmartCasts) =
enterScope(function.symbol, function is FirAnonymousFunction && function.invocationKind.isInPlace)
for (concurrentLambdas in postponedLambdas.all()) {
for ((otherLambda, dataFlowOnly) in concurrentLambdas) {
if (!dataFlowOnly && otherLambda != info) {
prohibitSmartCasts.merge(otherLambda.assignedInside)
}
}
}
return scopes.top().first?.assignedInside?.getAssignedProperties().orEmpty()
}
fun exitFunction() {
scopes.pop()
if (scopes.isEmpty) {
rootFunction = null
assignedLocalVariablesByDeclaration = null
variableAssignments = null
}
}
fun enterClass(klass: FirClass) {
if (rootFunction == null) return
val (info, prohibitSmartCasts) = enterScope(klass.symbol, klass is FirAnonymousObject)
if (klass is FirAnonymousObject && info != null) {
// Assignments in initializers and methods invalidate smart casts in other members.
prohibitSmartCasts.merge(info.assignedInside)
}
}
fun exitClass() {
if (rootFunction == null) return
scopes.pop()
}
fun enterFunctionCall(lambdaArgs: Collection) {
// If not inside a function at all, then there is no concept of a local and nothing to track.
if (rootFunction == null) return
postponedLambdas.push(lambdaArgs.mapNotNull { getInfoForDeclaration(it.symbol) }.associateWithTo(mutableMapOf()) { false })
}
fun exitFunctionCall(callCompleted: Boolean) {
if (rootFunction == null) return
val lambdasInCall = postponedLambdas.pop()
if (!callCompleted) {
// TODO: this has the same problem as above:
// if (p is Something) {
// foo(
// if (condition)
// someNotCompletedCall { p = whatever }
// else
// someNotCompletedCall { p.memberOfSomething }, // Marked as an error, but actually OK
// someCall { p.memberOfSomething } // Bad
// )
// }
// And also as above, FE1.0 produces the same error.
//
// TODO: this should never return null. Also somehow throwing an exception here leads to weird effects:
// apparently the compiler attempts to continue somewhere...
lambdasInCall.keys.associateWithTo(postponedLambdas.topOrNull() ?: return) { true }
}
}
/**
* Enters an [FirLoop] and returns all [FirPropertySymbol]s which are defined before the loop that will be modified within the loop.
*/
fun enterLoop(loop: FirLoop): Set {
if (rootFunction == null) return emptySet()
val (info, _) = enterScope(loop, evaluatedInPlace = true)
return info?.assignedInside?.getAssignedProperties().orEmpty()
}
/**
* Exits an [FirLoop] and returns all [FirPropertySymbol]s which were defined before the loop that were modified within the loop.
*/
fun exitLoop(): Set {
if (rootFunction == null) return emptySet()
val (info, _) = scopes.pop()
return info?.assignedInside?.getAssignedProperties().orEmpty()
}
fun visitAssignment(property: FirProperty, type: ConeKotlinType) {
buildInfoForRoot(rootFunction ?: return)
val assignments = variableAssignments?.get(property) ?: return
val assignment = assignments.firstOrNull { it.type == null } ?: return
assignment.type = type
}
companion object {
/**
* Computes assigned local variables in each execution path. This analyzer runs before BODY_RESOLVE. Hence, it works on
* syntactical information only.
*
* # Note on implementation detail
*
* The analyzer constructs a mini control flow graph that captures forking of execution path. The only information it cares about,
* though, is which variables are assigned in a given node or any transitive successor; thus nodes which add no extra information
* and have only one predecessor are elided from the resulting graph.
*
* For example, consider the following code.
*
* ```
* fun test() {
* var x: Int = 0
* var y: Int = 0
* var z: Int = 0
* if (true) {
* run {
* x = 1
* var a = 1
* a = 2
* }
* } else {
* x = 2
* y = 2
* }
* z = 3
* }
* ```
*
* The generated mini CFG looks like the following, with assigned local variables annotated after each node in curly brackets.
*
* ┌───────┐
* │ entry │ {x y z}
* └─┬─┬─┬─┘
* │ │ │ fallback
* │ │ └─────────────────────────────┐
* │ │ false │
* │ └─────────────────────────┐ │
* │ true │ │
* ┌ ┴ ─ ─ ┐ ┌ ─ ┴ ─ ┐ │
* │ then │ │ else │ │
* └ ┬ ─ ┬ ┘ └ ─ ┬ ─ ┘ │
* │ │ normal execution │ │
* │ └─────────────┐ │ │
* │ lambda arg │ │ │
* ┌─┴──────┐ ┌───┴───┐ │ │
* │ lambda │ {x} │ empty │ {z} │ │
* └────────┘ └───┬───┘ │ │
* ┌─────────────────┘ │ │
* │ ┌─────────────────────────┘ │
* │ │ ┌─────────────────────────────┘
* ┌─┴─┴─┴─┐
* │ after │ {z}
* │ if │
* └───────┘
*
* Some notes on why each node contains what it contains:
* - the nodes with the dashed outline and no associated set, "then" and "else", are elided, as they are neither merge points
* nor do they have any useful information - we will never need to know which variables are assigned to after entering the
* "else" branch, for example, because that code path will encounter no lambdas. Instead, any assignments done in elided
* blocks are immediately propagated to the parents, which is why the "entry" node contains `y`.
*
* - the "lambda" and "empty" nodes are not merge points, but they are what the CFG is for: if the lambda is not called-in-place,
* then all variables it assigns to cannot be smartcasted in "empty" or its successors and vice versa, as the body of the lambda
* can be executed at arbitrary points on that path.
*
* - changes to `z` is captured and back-propagated to all earlier nodes as desired.
*
* - `a` is not recorded anywhere because it's declared inside the lambda, and no statement needed a new block after
* the declaration.
*
* Because names are not resolved at this point, we manually track local variable declarations and resolve them along the way
* so that shadowed names are handled correctly. This works because local variables at any scope have higher priority
* than members on implicit receivers, even if the implicit receiver is introduced by a later scope.
*/
private class Fork(
val assignedLater: VariableAssignments,
val assignedInside: VariableAssignments,
)
private class Assignment(
val operatorAssignment: Boolean,
var type: ConeKotlinType? = null,
)
private class VariableAssignments {
private val assignments: MutableMap> = mutableMapOf()
operator fun get(property: FirProperty): Set? {
return assignments[property]
}
operator fun contains(property: FirProperty): Boolean {
return property in assignments
}
fun add(property: FirProperty, assignment: Assignment) {
assignments.getOrPut(property) { mutableSetOf() }.add(assignment)
}
fun copy(): VariableAssignments {
val copy = VariableAssignments()
copy.assignments += this.assignments
return copy
}
fun merge(other: VariableAssignments?) {
if (other == null) return
for ((property, values) in other.assignments) {
assignments.getOrPut(property) { mutableSetOf() }.addAll(values)
}
}
fun retain(properties: Set) {
assignments.keys.retainAll(properties)
}
fun isEmpty(): Boolean = assignments.isEmpty()
fun getAssignedProperties(): Set {
return assignments.entries
// TODO(KT-57563): Operator assignments should be treated just like any other assignment.
.filter { (_, v) -> v.any { !it.operatorAssignment } }
.mapTo(mutableSetOf()) { (k, _) -> k.symbol }
}
}
private class MiniFlow(val parents: Set) {
val assignedLater = VariableAssignments()
fun fork(): MiniFlow = MiniFlow(setOf(this))
companion object {
fun start() = MiniFlow(emptySet())
}
}
private class MiniCfgBuilder : FirVisitor() {
override fun visitElement(element: FirElement, data: MiniCfgData) {
element.acceptChildren(this, data)
}
private fun visitElementWithLexicalScope(element: FirElement, data: MiniCfgData): VariableAssignments {
// Detach the flow so that variables declared inside the structure do not leak into the outside.
val flow = MiniFlow.start()
val freeVariables = data.variableDeclarations.flatMapTo(mutableSetOf()) { it.values }
data.flow = flow
element.acceptChildren(this, data)
return flow.assignedLater.apply { retain(freeVariables) }
}
override fun visitAnonymousFunction(anonymousFunction: FirAnonymousFunction, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLocalDeclaration(anonymousFunction, data)
override fun visitSimpleFunction(simpleFunction: FirSimpleFunction, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLocalDeclaration(simpleFunction, data)
override fun visitRegularClass(regularClass: FirRegularClass, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLocalDeclaration(regularClass, data)
override fun visitAnonymousObject(anonymousObject: FirAnonymousObject, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLocalDeclaration(anonymousObject, data)
private fun visitLocalDeclaration(declaration: FirDeclaration, data: MiniCfgData) {
val flow = data.flow
val assignedInside = visitElementWithLexicalScope(declaration, data)
// Now that the inner variables have been discarded, the rest can be propagated to prevent smartcasts
// in declarations that came before this one.
flow.recordAssignments(assignedInside)
data.flow = flow.fork()
data.forks[declaration.symbol] = Fork(data.flow.assignedLater, assignedInside)
}
override fun visitWhenExpression(whenExpression: FirWhenExpression, data: MiniCfgData) {
(whenExpression.subjectVariable ?: whenExpression.subject)?.accept(this, data)
val flow = data.flow
// Also collect `flow` here for the case when none of the branches execute.
data.flow = whenExpression.branches.mapTo(mutableSetOf(flow)) {
// No need to create a fork - it'll not be observed anywhere anyway.
data.flow = flow
it.accept(this, data)
data.flow
}.join()
}
override fun visitTryExpression(tryExpression: FirTryExpression, data: MiniCfgData) {
tryExpression.tryBlock.accept(this, data)
val flow = data.flow
data.flow = tryExpression.catches.mapTo(mutableSetOf(flow)) {
data.flow = flow
it.accept(this, data)
data.flow
}.join()
tryExpression.finallyBlock?.accept(this, data)
}
private fun Set.join(): MiniFlow =
singleOrNull() ?: MiniFlow(this)
override fun visitLoop(loop: FirLoop, data: MiniCfgData) {
val entry = data.flow
val assignedInside = visitElementWithLexicalScope(loop, data)
// Now that the inner variables have been discarded, the rest can be propagated to prevent smartcasts
// in declarations that came before this loop.
entry.recordAssignments(assignedInside)
// All forks in the loop should have the same set of variables assigned later, equal to the set
// at the start of the loop.
data.flow.recordAssignments(assignedInside)
data.flow = entry.fork()
data.forks[loop] = Fork(data.flow.assignedLater, assignedInside)
}
override fun visitWhileLoop(whileLoop: FirWhileLoop, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLoop(whileLoop, data)
override fun visitDoWhileLoop(doWhileLoop: FirDoWhileLoop, data: MiniCfgData) =
visitLoop(doWhileLoop, data)
// TODO: liveness analysis - return/throw/break/continue terminate the flow.
// This is somewhat problematic though because try-catch and loops can restore it.
// It is not possible to implement liveness analysis partially - otherwise combinations of
// control flow structures can cause incorrect smartcasts. KT-59691
override fun visitFunctionCall(functionCall: FirFunctionCall, data: MiniCfgData) {
val visitor = this
with(functionCall) {
setOfNotNull(explicitReceiver, dispatchReceiver, extensionReceiver).forEach { it.accept(visitor, data) }
// Delay processing of lambda args because lambda body are evaluated after all arguments have been evaluated.
// TODO: this is not entirely correct (the lambda might be nested deep inside an expression), but also this
// entire override should be unnecessary as long as the full CFG builder visits everything in the right order. KT-59691
val (postponedFunctionArgs, normalArgs) = argumentList.arguments.partition { it is FirAnonymousFunctionExpression }
normalArgs.forEach { it.accept(visitor, data) }
postponedFunctionArgs.forEach { it.accept(visitor, data) }
calleeReference.accept(visitor, data)
}
}
override fun visitBlock(block: FirBlock, data: MiniCfgData) {
data.variableDeclarations.addLast(mutableMapOf())
visitElement(block, data)
data.variableDeclarations.removeLast()
}
override fun visitProperty(property: FirProperty, data: MiniCfgData) {
visitElement(property, data)
if (property.isLocal) {
data.variableDeclarations.last()[property.name] = property
}
}
override fun visitVariableAssignment(variableAssignment: FirVariableAssignment, data: MiniCfgData) {
visitElement(variableAssignment, data)
if (variableAssignment.explicitReceiver != null) return
variableAssignment.calleeReference?.let {
val operatorAssignment = variableAssignment.source?.kind is KtFakeSourceElementKind.DesugaredIncrementOrDecrement
data.recordAssignment(it, operatorAssignment)
}
}
override fun visitAssignmentOperatorStatement(assignmentOperatorStatement: FirAssignmentOperatorStatement, data: MiniCfgData) {
visitElement(assignmentOperatorStatement, data)
val lhs = assignmentOperatorStatement.leftArgument as? FirQualifiedAccessExpression ?: return
if (lhs.explicitReceiver != null) return
data.recordAssignment(lhs.calleeReference, operatorAssignment = true)
}
private fun MiniCfgData.recordAssignment(reference: FirReference, operatorAssignment: Boolean) {
val name = (reference as? FirNamedReference)?.name ?: return
val property = variableDeclarations.lastOrNull { name in it }?.get(name) ?: return
val assignment = Assignment(operatorAssignment)
assignments.getOrPut(property) { mutableListOf() }.add(assignment)
flow.recordAssignment(property, assignment)
}
private fun MiniFlow.recordAssignment(property: FirProperty, assignment: Assignment) {
assignedLater.add(property, assignment)
parents.forEach { it.recordAssignment(property, assignment) }
}
private fun MiniFlow.recordAssignments(properties: VariableAssignments) {
if (properties.isEmpty()) return
assignedLater.merge(properties)
parents.forEach { it.recordAssignments(properties) }
}
class MiniCfgData {
var flow: MiniFlow = MiniFlow.start()
val variableDeclarations: ArrayDeque> = ArrayDeque(listOf(mutableMapOf()))
val assignments: MutableMap> = mutableMapOf()
val forks: MutableMap | FirLoop */, Fork> = mutableMapOf()
}
}
}
}