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Freedom for Media in Java
There is a newer version: 1.0.2-jitsi
package com.t4l.jmf;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.logging.*;

import javax.imageio.*;
import javax.media.*;
import javax.media.format.*;

import net.sf.fmj.utility.*;

class CustomByteArrayOutputStream extends OutputStream
{
    int ctr = 0;
    byte[] data;

    public CustomByteArrayOutputStream(byte[] b)
    {
        data = b;
    }

    public int getBytesWritten()
    {
        return ctr;
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] b) throws IOException
    {
        write(b, 0, b.length);
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] b, int offset, int len) throws IOException
    {
        System.arraycopy(data, ctr, b, offset, len);
        ctr += len;
    }

    @Override
    public void write(int b) throws IOException
    {
        data[ctr] = (byte) b;
        ctr++;
    }
}

/**
 * This type of MOV file just stores frames as a series of JPEG images. This
 * codec uses ImageIO classes to convert from the jpeg VideoFormat to
 * RGBFormats.
 *
 * @author Jeremy Wood
 */
public class JPEGEncoder implements Codec
{
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerSingleton.logger;

    private static final VideoFormat jpegFormat = new JPEGFormat();
    private static final RGBFormat rgbFormat = new RGBFormat(null, -1,
            Format.intArray, -1.f, -1, -1, -1, -1);

    static Hashtable imageTable = new Hashtable();

    /**
     *
     * @param image
     * @param data
     * @return the number if bytes written in the array
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected static int writeJPEG(BufferedImage image, byte[] data)
            throws IOException
    {
        ImageWriter iw = ImageIO.getImageWritersByMIMEType("image/jpeg").next();
        ImageWriteParam iwParam = iw.getDefaultWriteParam();
        float quality = .8f;
        iwParam.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.MODE_EXPLICIT);
        iwParam.setCompressionQuality(quality);
        CustomByteArrayOutputStream out = new CustomByteArrayOutputStream(data);
        iw.setOutput(out);

        IIOImage img = new IIOImage(image, null, null);

        iw.write(null, img, iwParam);
        return out.getBytesWritten();
    }

    public void close()
    {
        synchronized (imageTable)
        {
            imageTable.clear();
        }
    }

    public Object getControl(String controlType)
    {
        return null;
    }

    public Object[] getControls()
    {
        return new String[] {};
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return "JPEG Encoder";
    }

    public Format[] getSupportedInputFormats()
    {
        return new VideoFormat[] { rgbFormat };
    }

    public Format[] getSupportedOutputFormats(Format input)
    {
        if (input == null)
            return new VideoFormat[] { jpegFormat };

        if (input.relax().matches(rgbFormat))
        {
            final VideoFormat inputVideoFormat = (VideoFormat) input;
            return new VideoFormat[] { new JPEGFormat(
                    inputVideoFormat.getSize(), -1, Format.byteArray,
                    inputVideoFormat.getFrameRate(), -1, -1) };
        }
        return new Format[] {};
    }

    public void open() throws ResourceUnavailableException
    {
    }

    public int process(Buffer input, Buffer output)
    {
        Format inputFormat = input.getFormat();
        Format outputFormat = output.getFormat();

        if (inputFormat.relax().matches(rgbFormat)
                && outputFormat.relax().matches(jpegFormat))
        {
            return processRGBtoJPEG(input, output);
        }
        return PlugIn.BUFFER_PROCESSED_FAILED;
    }

    protected int processRGBtoJPEG(Buffer input, Buffer output)
    {
        synchronized (imageTable)
        {
            try
            {
                RGBFormat inputFormat = (RGBFormat) input.getFormat();
                VideoFormat outputFormat = (VideoFormat) output.getFormat();

                if (outputFormat == null)
                {
                    int width = inputFormat.getSize().width;
                    int height = inputFormat.getSize().height;
                    outputFormat = new JPEGFormat(new Dimension(width, height),
                            width * height + 200, // surely this is the max
                                                  // size, right?
                            Format.byteArray, inputFormat.getFrameRate(), -1, // TODO:
                                                                              // specify
                                                                              // quality
                            -1); // TODO: specify decimation
                    output.setFormat(outputFormat);
                }

                int[] data = (int[]) input.getData();

                Dimension d = inputFormat.getSize();
                BufferedImage dest = (BufferedImage) imageTable.get(d);
                if (dest == null)
                {
                    dest = new BufferedImage(d.width, d.height,
                            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
                }
                RGBConverter.populateImage(data, input.getOffset(), dest,
                        inputFormat);

                byte[] bytes;

                Object obj = output.getData();
                if (obj instanceof byte[])
                {
                    bytes = (byte[]) obj;
                } else
                {
                    bytes = new byte[d.width * d.height + 200];
                    output.setData(bytes);
                }

                int length = writeJPEG(dest, bytes);

                imageTable.put(d, dest);

                output.setLength(length);

                output.setDiscard(input.isDiscard());
                output.setDuration(input.getDuration());
                output.setEOM(input.isEOM());
                output.setFlags(input.getFlags()); // is this correct?
                output.setHeader(null);
                output.setTimeStamp(input.getTimeStamp());
                output.setSequenceNumber(input.getSequenceNumber());
                output.setOffset(0);
                return PlugIn.BUFFER_PROCESSED_OK;
            } catch (Throwable t)
            {
                logger.log(Level.WARNING, "" + t, t);
                return PlugIn.BUFFER_PROCESSED_FAILED;
            }
        }
    }

    public void reset()
    {
    }

    public Format setInputFormat(Format f)
    {
        // we don't do anything here; just return positive feedback that we
        // can in fact handle whatever it gives us
        if (f.relax().matches(rgbFormat))
        {
            return f;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public Format setOutputFormat(Format f)
    {
        // we don't do anything here; just return positive feedback that we
        // can in fact handle whatever it gives us
        if (f.relax().matches(jpegFormat))
        {
            return f;
        }
        return null;
    }
}