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org.json.JSONPointer Maven / Gradle / Ivy

package org.json;

import static java.lang.String.format;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

/*
Public Domain.
*/

/**
 * A JSON Pointer is a simple query language defined for JSON documents by
 * RFC 6901.
 * 
 * In a nutshell, JSONPointer allows the user to navigate into a JSON document
 * using strings, and retrieve targeted objects, like a simple form of XPATH.
 * Path segments are separated by the '/' char, which signifies the root of
 * the document when it appears as the first char of the string. Array 
 * elements are navigated using ordinals, counting from 0. JSONPointer strings
 * may be extended to any arbitrary number of segments. If the navigation
 * is successful, the matched item is returned. A matched item may be a
 * JSONObject, a JSONArray, or a JSON value. If the JSONPointer string building 
 * fails, an appropriate exception is thrown. If the navigation fails to find
 * a match, a JSONPointerException is thrown. 
 * 
 * @author JSON.org
 * @version 2016-05-14
 */
public class JSONPointer {

    // used for URL encoding and decoding
    private static final String ENCODING = "utf-8";

    /**
     * This class allows the user to build a JSONPointer in steps, using
     * exactly one segment in each step.
     */
    public static class Builder {

        // Segments for the eventual JSONPointer string
        private final List refTokens = new ArrayList();

        /**
         * Creates a {@code JSONPointer} instance using the tokens previously set using the
         * {@link #append(String)} method calls.
         * @return a JSONPointer object
         */
        public JSONPointer build() {
            return new JSONPointer(this.refTokens);
        }

        /**
         * Adds an arbitrary token to the list of reference tokens. It can be any non-null value.
         * 
         * Unlike in the case of JSON string or URI fragment representation of JSON pointers, the
         * argument of this method MUST NOT be escaped. If you want to query the property called
         * {@code "a~b"} then you should simply pass the {@code "a~b"} string as-is, there is no
         * need to escape it as {@code "a~0b"}.
         * 
         * @param token the new token to be appended to the list
         * @return {@code this}
         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code token} is null
         */
        public Builder append(String token) {
            if (token == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("token cannot be null");
            }
            this.refTokens.add(token);
            return this;
        }

        /**
         * Adds an integer to the reference token list. Although not necessarily, mostly this token will
         * denote an array index. 
         * 
         * @param arrayIndex the array index to be added to the token list
         * @return {@code this}
         */
        public Builder append(int arrayIndex) {
            this.refTokens.add(String.valueOf(arrayIndex));
            return this;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Static factory method for {@link Builder}. Example usage:
     * 
     * 

     * JSONPointer pointer = JSONPointer.builder()
     *       .append("obj")
     *       .append("other~key").append("another/key")
     *       .append("\"")
     *       .append(0)
     *       .build();
     * 
* * @return a builder instance which can be used to construct a {@code JSONPointer} instance by chained * {@link Builder#append(String)} calls. */ public static Builder builder() { return new Builder(); } // Segments for the JSONPointer string private final List refTokens; /** * Pre-parses and initializes a new {@code JSONPointer} instance. If you want to * evaluate the same JSON Pointer on different JSON documents then it is recommended * to keep the {@code JSONPointer} instances due to performance considerations. * * @param pointer the JSON String or URI Fragment representation of the JSON pointer. * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code pointer} is not a valid JSON pointer */ public JSONPointer(final String pointer) { if (pointer == null) { throw new NullPointerException("pointer cannot be null"); } if (pointer.isEmpty() || pointer.equals("#")) { this.refTokens = Collections.emptyList(); return; } String refs; if (pointer.startsWith("#/")) { refs = pointer.substring(2); try { refs = URLDecoder.decode(refs, ENCODING); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } else if (pointer.startsWith("/")) { refs = pointer.substring(1); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("a JSON pointer should start with '/' or '#/'"); } this.refTokens = new ArrayList(); int slashIdx = -1; int prevSlashIdx = 0; do { prevSlashIdx = slashIdx + 1; slashIdx = refs.indexOf('/', prevSlashIdx); if(prevSlashIdx == slashIdx || prevSlashIdx == refs.length()) { // found 2 slashes in a row ( obj//next ) // or single slash at the end of a string ( obj/test/ ) this.refTokens.add(""); } else if (slashIdx >= 0) { final String token = refs.substring(prevSlashIdx, slashIdx); this.refTokens.add(unescape(token)); } else { // last item after separator, or no separator at all. final String token = refs.substring(prevSlashIdx); this.refTokens.add(unescape(token)); } } while (slashIdx >= 0); // using split does not take into account consecutive separators or "ending nulls" //for (String token : refs.split("/")) { // this.refTokens.add(unescape(token)); //} } public JSONPointer(List refTokens) { this.refTokens = new ArrayList(refTokens); } /** * @see rfc6901 section 3 */ private static String unescape(String token) { return token.replace("~1", "/").replace("~0", "~"); } /** * Evaluates this JSON Pointer on the given {@code document}. The {@code document} * is usually a {@link JSONObject} or a {@link JSONArray} instance, but the empty * JSON Pointer ({@code ""}) can be evaluated on any JSON values and in such case the * returned value will be {@code document} itself. * * @param document the JSON document which should be the subject of querying. * @return the result of the evaluation * @throws JSONPointerException if an error occurs during evaluation */ public Object queryFrom(Object document) throws JSONPointerException { if (this.refTokens.isEmpty()) { return document; } Object current = document; for (String token : this.refTokens) { if (current instanceof JSONObject) { current = ((JSONObject) current).opt(unescape(token)); } else if (current instanceof JSONArray) { current = readByIndexToken(current, token); } else { throw new JSONPointerException(format( "value [%s] is not an array or object therefore its key %s cannot be resolved", current, token)); } } return current; } /** * Matches a JSONArray element by ordinal position * @param current the JSONArray to be evaluated * @param indexToken the array index in string form * @return the matched object. If no matching item is found a * @throws JSONPointerException is thrown if the index is out of bounds */ private static Object readByIndexToken(Object current, String indexToken) throws JSONPointerException { try { int index = Integer.parseInt(indexToken); JSONArray currentArr = (JSONArray) current; if (index >= currentArr.length()) { throw new JSONPointerException(format("index %s is out of bounds - the array has %d elements", indexToken, Integer.valueOf(currentArr.length()))); } try { return currentArr.get(index); } catch (JSONException e) { throw new JSONPointerException("Error reading value at index position " + index, e); } } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new JSONPointerException(format("%s is not an array index", indexToken), e); } } /** * Returns a string representing the JSONPointer path value using string * representation */ @Override public String toString() { StringBuilder rval = new StringBuilder(""); for (String token: this.refTokens) { rval.append('/').append(escape(token)); } return rval.toString(); } /** * Escapes path segment values to an unambiguous form. * The escape char to be inserted is '~'. The chars to be escaped * are ~, which maps to ~0, and /, which maps to ~1. * @param token the JSONPointer segment value to be escaped * @return the escaped value for the token * * @see rfc6901 section 3 */ private static String escape(String token) { return token.replace("~", "~0") .replace("/", "~1"); } /** * Returns a string representing the JSONPointer path value using URI * fragment identifier representation * @return a uri fragment string */ public String toURIFragment() { try { StringBuilder rval = new StringBuilder("#"); for (String token : this.refTokens) { rval.append('/').append(URLEncoder.encode(token, ENCODING)); } return rval.toString(); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } }




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