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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* Copyright (c) 2004-2014, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
*
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
package org.postgresql.ssl;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import org.postgresql.util.GT;
import org.postgresql.ssl.WrappedFactory;

/**
 * Provides a SSLSocketFactory that authenticates the remote server against
 * an explicit pre-shared SSL certificate. This is more secure than using the 
 * NonValidatingFactory as it prevents "man in the middle" attacks. It is also
 * more secure than relying on a central CA signing your server's certificate
 * as it pins the server's certificate.
 * 
 * 
 * This class requires a single String parameter specified by setting
 * the connection property sslfactoryarg. The value of this property
 * is the PEM-encoded remote server's SSL certificate.
 * 
 * 
 * Where the certificate is loaded from is based upon the prefix of the 
 * 
sslfactoryarg property. The following table lists the valid
 * set of prefixes.
 * 
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 *   
 *     
 *     
 *     
 *   
 * Prefix Example Explanation
classpath: classpath:ssl/server.crt Loaded from the classpath.
file: file:/foo/bar/server.crt Loaded from the filesystem.
env: env:mydb_cert Loaded from string value of the mydb_cert
 *     environment variable.
sys: sys:mydb_cert Loaded from string value of the mydb_cert
 *     system property.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE------ -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDQzCCAqygAwIBAgIJAOd1tlfiGoEoMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMHUxCzAJBgNV
[... truncated ...]
UCmmYqgiVkAGWRETVo+byOSDZ4swb10=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
 Loaded from string value of the argument.
 */

public class SingleCertValidatingFactory extends WrappedFactory {
    private static final String FILE_PREFIX = "file:";
    private static final String CLASSPATH_PREFIX = "classpath:";
    private static final String ENV_PREFIX = "env:";
    private static final String SYS_PROP_PREFIX = "sys:";

    public SingleCertValidatingFactory(String sslFactoryArg) throws GeneralSecurityException {
        if( sslFactoryArg == null || sslFactoryArg.equals("")) {
            throw new GeneralSecurityException(GT.tr("The sslfactoryarg property may not be empty."));
        }
        InputStream in = null;
        try {            
            if( sslFactoryArg.startsWith(FILE_PREFIX) ) {
                String path = sslFactoryArg.substring(FILE_PREFIX.length());
                in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path));
            } else if( sslFactoryArg.startsWith(CLASSPATH_PREFIX) ) {
                String path = sslFactoryArg.substring(CLASSPATH_PREFIX.length());
                in = new BufferedInputStream(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(path));
            } else if( sslFactoryArg.startsWith(ENV_PREFIX) ) {
                String name = sslFactoryArg.substring(ENV_PREFIX.length());
                String cert = System.getenv(name);
                if( cert == null || "".equals(cert) ) {
                    throw new GeneralSecurityException(
                        GT.tr("The environment variable containing the server's SSL certificate must not be empty."));
                }
                in = new ByteArrayInputStream(cert.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            } else if( sslFactoryArg.startsWith(SYS_PROP_PREFIX) ) {
                String name = sslFactoryArg.substring(SYS_PROP_PREFIX.length());
                String cert = System.getProperty(name);
                if( cert == null || "".equals(cert) ) {
                    throw new GeneralSecurityException(
                        GT.tr("The system property containing the server's SSL certificate must not be empty."));
                }
                in = new ByteArrayInputStream(cert.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            } else if( sslFactoryArg.startsWith("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----") ) {
                in = new ByteArrayInputStream(sslFactoryArg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            } else {
                throw new GeneralSecurityException(
                    GT.tr("The sslfactoryarg property must start with the prefix file:, classpath:, env:, sys:, or -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----."));
            }

            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { new SingleCertTrustManager(in) }, null);
            _factory = ctx.getSocketFactory();
        } catch( RuntimeException e ) {
            throw (RuntimeException)e;
        } catch( Exception e ) {
            if( e instanceof GeneralSecurityException ) {
                throw (GeneralSecurityException) e;
            }
            throw new GeneralSecurityException(GT.tr("An error occurred reading the certificate"), e);
        } finally {
            if( in != null ) {
                try {
                    in.close();
                } catch( Exception e2) {
                    // ignore
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class SingleCertTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
        X509Certificate cert;
        X509TrustManager trustManager;        

        public SingleCertTrustManager(InputStream in) throws IOException, GeneralSecurityException {
            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            try {
                // Note: KeyStore requires it be loaded even if you don't load anything into it:
                ks.load(null);
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
            CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509");
            cert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(in);
            ks.setCertificateEntry(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), cert);
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
            tmf.init(ks);
            for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
                if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
                    trustManager = (X509TrustManager) tm;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (trustManager == null) {
                throw new GeneralSecurityException(GT.tr("No X509TrustManager found"));
            }
        }

        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            trustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        }

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return new X509Certificate[] { cert };
        }
    }
}

Prefix	Example	Explanation
`classpath:`	`classpath:ssl/server.crt`	Loaded from the classpath.
`file:`	`file:/foo/bar/server.crt`	Loaded from the filesystem.
`env:`	`env:mydb_cert`	Loaded from string value of the `mydb_cert` * environment variable.
`sys:`	`sys:mydb_cert`	Loaded from string value of the `mydb_cert` * system property.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE------	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIDQzCCAqygAwIBAgIJAOd1tlfiGoEoMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMHUxCzAJBgNV [... truncated ...] UCmmYqgiVkAGWRETVo+byOSDZ4swb10= -----END CERTIFICATE-----	Loaded from string value of the argument.