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package org.jooby;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.function.Function;
import org.jooby.internal.parser.BeanParser;
import com.google.inject.Key;
import com.google.inject.TypeLiteral;
/**
* Parse a request param (path, query, form) or body to something else.
*
* Registering a parser
*
* There are two ways of registering a parser:
*
*
*
* - Using the {@link Jooby#parser(Parser)} method
* - From a Guice module:
*
*
* Multibinder<Parser> pcb = Multibinder
.newSetBinder(binder, Parser.class);
pcb.addBinding().to(MyParser.class);
*
*
*
* Parsers are executed in the order they were registered. The first converter that resolved the
* type: wins!.
*
* Built-in parsers
*
* These are the built-in parsers:
*
*
* - Primitives and String: convert to int, double, char, string, etc...
* - Enums (case-sensitive)
* - {@link java.util.Date}: It parses a date using the
application.dateFormat
* property.
* - {@link java.time.LocalDate}: It parses a date using the
application.dateFormat
* property.
* - {@link java.util.Locale}
* - Classes with a static method:
valueOf
* - Classes with a static method:
fromName
* - Classes with a static method:
fromString
* - Classes with a public constructor with one
String argument
* - It is an Optional<T>, List<T>, Set<T> or SortedSet<T> where T
* satisfies one of previous rules
*
*
* @author edgar
* @see Jooby#parser(Parser)
* @since 0.6.0
*/
public interface Parser {
/**
* A parser callback.
*
* @author edgar
*
* @param Type of data to parse.
* @since 0.6.0
*/
interface Callback {
/**
* Parse a raw value to something else.
*
* @param data Data to parse.
* @return A parsed value
* @throws Exception If something goes wrong.
*/
Object invoke(T data) throws Throwable;
}
/**
* Expose HTTP params from path, query, form url encoded or multipart request as a raw string.
*
* @author edgar
* @since 0.6.0
*/
interface ParamReference extends Iterable {
/**
* @return Descriptive type: parameter, header, cookie, etc...
*/
String type();
/**
* @return Parameter name.
*/
String name();
/**
* @return Return the first param or throw {@link Err} with a bad request code when missing.
*/
T first();
/**
* @return Return the last param or throw {@link Err} with a bad request code when missing.
*/
T last();
/**
* Get the param at the given index or throw {@link Err} with a bad request code when missing.
*
* @param index Param index.
* @return Param at the given index or throw {@link Err} with a bad request code when missing.
*/
T get(int index);
@Override
Iterator iterator();
/**
* @return Number of values for this parameter.
*/
int size();
}
/**
* Expose the HTTP body as a series of bytes or text.
*
* @author edgar
* @since 0.6.0
*/
interface BodyReference {
/**
* Returns the HTTP body as a byte array.
*
* @return HTTP body as byte array.
* @throws IOException If reading fails.
*/
byte[] bytes() throws IOException;
/**
* Returns the HTTP body as text.
*
* @return HTTP body as text.
* @throws IOException If reading fails.
*/
String text() throws IOException;
/**
* @return Body length.
*/
long length();
/**
* Write the content to the given output stream. This method won't close the
* {@link OutputStream}.
*
* @param output An output stream.
* @throws Exception If write fails.
*/
void writeTo(final OutputStream output) throws Exception;
}
/**
* A parser can be executed against a simply HTTP param, a set of HTTP params, an file
* {@link Upload} or HTTP {@link BodyReference}.
*
* This class provides utility methods for selecting one of the previous source. It is possible to
* write a parser and apply it against multiple sources, like HTTP param and HTTP body.
*
* Here is an example that will parse text to an int, provided as a HTTP param or body:
*
*
* {
* parser((type, ctx) {@literal ->} {
* if (type.getRawType() == int.class) {
* return ctx
* .param(values {@literal ->} Integer.parseInt(values.get(0))
* .body(body {@literal ->} Integer.parseInt(body.text()));
* }
* return ctx.next();
* });
*
* get("/", req {@literal ->} {
* // use the param strategy
* return req.param("p").intValue();
* });
*
* post("/", req {@literal ->} {
* // use the body strategy
* return req.body().intValue();
* });
* }
*
*
* @author edgar
* @since 0.6.0
*/
interface Builder {
/**
* Add a HTTP body callback. The Callback will be executed when current context is bound to the
* HTTP body via {@link Request#body()}.
*
* If current {@link Context} isn't a HTTP body a call to {@link Context#next()} is made.
*
* @param callback A body parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder body(Callback callback);
/**
* Like {@link #body(Callback)} but it skip the callback if the requested type is an
* {@link Optional}.
*
* @param callback A body parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder ifbody(Callback callback);
/**
* Add a HTTP param callback. The Callback will be executed when current context is bound to a
* HTTP param via {@link Request#param(String)}.
*
* If current {@link Context} isn't a HTTP param a call to {@link Context#next()} is made.
*
* @param callback A param parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder param(Callback> callback);
/**
* Like {@link #param(Callback)} but it skip the callback if the requested type is an
* {@link Optional}.
*
* @param callback A param parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder ifparam(Callback> callback);
/**
* Add a HTTP params callback. The Callback will be executed when current context is bound to a
* HTTP params via {@link Request#params()}.
*
* If current {@link Context} isn't a HTTP params a call to {@link Context#next()} is made.
*
* @param callback A params parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder params(Callback> callback);
/**
* Like {@link #params(Callback)} but it skip the callback if the requested type is an
* {@link Optional}.
*
* @param callback A params parser callback.
* @return This builder.
*/
Builder ifparams(Callback> callback);
}
/**
* Allows you to access to parsing strategies, content type view {@link #type()} and invoke next
* parser in the chain via {@link #next()} methods.
*
* @author edgar
* @since 0.6.0
*/
interface Context extends Builder {
/**
* Requires a service with the given type.
*
* @param type Service type.
* @param Service type.
* @return A service.
*/
T require(final Class type);
/**
* Requires a service with the given type.
*
* @param type Service type.
* @param Service type.
* @return A service.
*/
T require(final TypeLiteral type);
/**
* Requires a service with the given type.
*
* @param key Service key.
* @param Service type.
* @return A service.
*/
T require(final Key key);
/**
* Content Type header, if current context was bind to a HTTP body via {@link Request#body()}.
* If current context was bind to a HTTP param, media type is set to text/plain.
*
* @return Current type.
*/
MediaType type();
/**
* Invoke next parser in the chain.
*
* @return A parsed value.
* @throws Exception An err with a 400 status.
*/
Object next() throws Throwable;
/**
* Invoke next parser in the chain and switch/change the target type we are looking for. Useful
* for generic containers classes, like collections or optional values.
*
* @param type A new type to use.
* @return A parsed value.
* @throws Exception An err with a 400 status.
*/
Object next(TypeLiteral type) throws Throwable;
/**
* Invoke next parser in the chain and switch/change the target type we are looking for but also
* the current value. Useful for generic containers classes, like collections or optional
* values.
*
* @param type A new type to use.
* @param data Data to be parsed.
* @return A parsed value.
* @throws Exception An err with a 400 status.
*/
Object next(TypeLiteral type, Object data) throws Throwable;
}
/** Utility function to handle empty values as {@link NoSuchElementException}. */
static Function NOT_EMPTY = v -> {
if (v.length() == 0) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return v;
};
/**
*
* Parse one or more values to the required type. If the parser doesn't support the required type
* a call to {@link Context#next(TypeLiteral, Object)} must be done.
*
*
* Example:
*
*
* Parser converter = (type, ctx) {@literal ->} {
* if (type.getRawType() == MyType.class) {
* // convert to MyType
* return ctx.param(values {@literal ->} new MyType(values.get(0)));
* }
* // no luck! move next
* return ctx.next();
* }
*
*
* It's also possible to create generic/parameterized types too:
*
*
* public class MyContainerType<T> {}
*
* ParamConverter converter = (type, ctx) {@literal ->} {
* if (type.getRawType() == MyContainerType.class) {
* // Creates a new type from current generic type
* TypeLiterale<?> paramType = TypeLiteral
* .get(((ParameterizedType) toType.getType()).getActualTypeArguments()[0]);
*
* // Ask param converter to resolve the new/next type.
* Object result = ctx.next(paramType);
* return new MyType(result);
* }
* // no luck! move next
* return ctx.next();
* }
*
*
* @param type Requested type.
* @param ctx Execution context.
* @return A parsed value.
* @throws Throwable If conversion fails.
*/
Object parse(TypeLiteral type, Context ctx) throws Throwable;
/**
* Overwrite the default bean parser with empty/null supports. The default bean
* parser doesn't allow null, so if a parameter is optional you must declare it as
* {@link Optional} otherwise parsing fails with a 404/500 status code.
*
* For example:
* {@code
*
* public class Book {
*
* public String title;
*
* public Date releaseDate;
*
* public String toString() {
* return title + ":" + releaseDate;
* }
* }
*
* {
* parser(Parser.bean(true));
*
* post("/", req -> {
* return req.params(Book.class).toString();
* });
* }
* }
*
*
* With /?title=Title&releaseDate= prints Title:null.
*
*
* Now, same call with lenient=false results in Bad Request: 400
* because releaseDate if required and isn't present in the HTTP request.
*
*
*
* This feature is useful while submitting forms.
*
*
* @param lenient Enabled null/empty supports while parsing HTTP params as Java Beans.
* @return A new bean parser.
*/
static Parser bean(final boolean lenient) {
return new BeanParser(lenient);
}
}