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The MongoDB Connector for Hadoop is a plugin for Hadoop that provides the ability to use MongoDB as an input source and/or an output destination.
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/*
 * Copyright 2011 10gen Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.mongodb.hadoop.pig;

import com.mongodb.hadoop.MongoOutputFormat;
import com.mongodb.hadoop.io.MongoUpdateWritable;
import com.mongodb.hadoop.output.MongoRecordWriter;
import com.mongodb.hadoop.util.MongoConfigUtil;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceSchema;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceStatistics;
import org.apache.pig.StoreFunc;
import org.apache.pig.StoreMetadata;
import org.apache.pig.data.Tuple;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.UDFContext;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.Utils;
import org.bson.BasicBSONObject;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

/*
 * MongoUpdateStorage : used to update documents in a collection
 */
public class MongoUpdateStorage extends StoreFunc implements StoreMetadata {

    private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(MongoUpdateStorage.class);

    // Pig specific settings
    static final String SCHEMA_SIGNATURE = "mongoupdate.pig.output.schema";
    //CHECKSTYLE:OFF
    protected ResourceSchema schema = null;
    //CHECKSTYLE:ON
    private String udfcSignature = null;

    // private final MongoStorageOptions options;
    private final MongoOutputFormat outputFormat = new MongoOutputFormat();

    // MongoRecordWriter to use for updating MongoDB documents
    private MongoRecordWriter recordWriter = null;

    // JSONPigReplace setup
    private JSONPigReplace repl;
    private String schemaStr;
    private String unnamedStr;

    /**
     * First constructor
     *
     * @param query  JSON string representing 'query' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param update JSON string representing 'update' parameter in MongoDB update
     */
    public MongoUpdateStorage(final String query, final String update) {
        repl = new JSONPigReplace(new String[]{query, update});
    }

    /**
     * Second constructor
     *
     * @param query  JSON string representing 'query' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param update JSON string representing 'update' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param s      string representing schema of pig output
     */
    public MongoUpdateStorage(final String query, final String update, final String s) {
        this(query, update);
        schemaStr = s;
    }

    /**
     * Third constructor
     *
     * @param query    JSON string representing 'query' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param update   JSON string representing 'update' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param s        string representing schema of pig output
     * @param toIgnore string representing "unnamed" objects
     */
    public MongoUpdateStorage(final String query, final String update, final String s, final String toIgnore) {
        this(query, update, s);
        unnamedStr = (toIgnore.length() > 0 ? toIgnore : null);
    }

    /**
     * Third constructor
     *
     * @param query         JSON string representing 'query' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param update        JSON string representing 'update' parameter in MongoDB update
     * @param s             string representing schema of pig output
     * @param toIgnore      string representing "unnamed" objects
     * @param updateOptions JSON string representing 'extra' MongoDB update options
     */
    public MongoUpdateStorage(final String query, final String update, final String s, final String toIgnore, final String updateOptions) {
        repl = new JSONPigReplace(new String[]{query, update, updateOptions});
        schemaStr = s;
        unnamedStr = (toIgnore.length() > 0 ? toIgnore : null);
    }

    @Override
    public void checkSchema(final ResourceSchema s) throws IOException {
        schema = s;
        UDFContext udfc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();

        Properties p = udfc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(), new String[]{udfcSignature});
        p.setProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE, schema.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public void storeSchema(final ResourceSchema schema, final String location, final Job job) {
        // not implemented
    }

    @Override
    public void storeStatistics(final ResourceStatistics stats, final String location, final Job job) {
        // not implemented
    }

    @Override
    public void putNext(final Tuple tuple) throws IOException {
        try {
            // perform substitution on variables "marked" for replacements
            BasicBSONObject[] toUpdate = repl.substitute(tuple, schema, unnamedStr);
            // 'query' JSON
            BasicBSONObject q = toUpdate[0];
            // 'update' JSON
            BasicBSONObject u = toUpdate[1];

            // multi and upsert 'options' JSON
            boolean isUpsert = true;
            boolean isMulti = false;
            BasicBSONObject mu = (toUpdate.length > 2 ? toUpdate[2] : null);
            if (mu != null) {
                isUpsert = (!mu.containsField("upsert") || mu.getBoolean("upsert"));
                isMulti = (mu.containsField("multi") && mu.getBoolean("multi"));
            }

            recordWriter.write(null, new MongoUpdateWritable(q, u,
                                                             isUpsert,
                                                             isMulti));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IOException("Couldn't convert tuple to bson: ", e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void prepareToWrite(final RecordWriter writer) throws IOException {
        //noinspection unchecked
        recordWriter = (MongoRecordWriter) writer;
        LOG.info("Preparing to write to " + recordWriter);
        if (recordWriter == null) {
            throw new IOException("Invalid Record Writer");
        }

        UDFContext udfc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();
        Properties p = udfc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(), new String[]{udfcSignature});
        
        /*
         * In determining the schema to use, the user-defined schema should take
         * precedence over the "inferred" schema
         */
        if (schemaStr != null) {
            try {
                schema = new ResourceSchema(Utils.getSchemaFromString(schemaStr));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                LOG.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
        } else {
            String s = p.getProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE);
            if (s == null) {
                throw new IOException("Could not find schema in UDF context. You'd have to explicitly specify a Schema.");
            }
            schema = new ResourceSchema(Utils.getSchemaFromString(s));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public OutputFormat getOutputFormat() throws IOException {
        return outputFormat;
    }

    @Override
    public String relToAbsPathForStoreLocation(final String location, final Path curDir) throws IOException {
        return location;
    }

    @Override
    public void setStoreLocation(final String location, final Job job) throws IOException {
        final Configuration config = job.getConfiguration();
        LOG.info("Store Location Config: " + config + "; For URI: " + location);

        if (!location.startsWith("mongodb://")) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid URI Format.  URIs must begin with a mongodb:// protocol string.");
        }

        // set output URI
        MongoConfigUtil.setOutputURI(config, location);
    }

    @Override
    public void setStoreFuncUDFContextSignature(final String signature) {
        udfcSignature = signature;
    }
}