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/**********************************************************************
* Jhove - JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation Environment
* Copyright 2003 by JSTOR and the President and Fellows of Harvard College
**********************************************************************/
package edu.harvard.hul.ois.jhove.module.pdf;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
/**
* Tokenizer for PDF files.
*
* This is used in conjunction with the Parser,
* which assembles Tokens into higher-level constructs.
*/
public abstract class Tokenizer
{
/** Mapping between PDFDocEncoding and Unicode code points. */
public static char [] PDFDOCENCODING = {
'\u0000','\u0001','\u0002','\u0003','\u0004','\u0005','\u0006','\u0007',
'\b' ,'\t' ,'\n' ,'\u000b','\f' ,'\r' ,'\u000e','\u000f',
'\u0010','\u0011','\u0012','\u0013','\u0014','\u0015','\u0016','\u0017',
'\u02d8','\u02c7','\u02c6','\u02d9','\u02dd','\u02db','\u02da','\u02dc',
'\u0020','\u0021','\"' ,'\u0023','\u0024','\u0025','\u0026','\'',
'\u0028','\u0029','\u002a','\u002b','\u002c','\u002d','\u002e','\u002f',
'\u0030','\u0031','\u0032','\u0033','\u0034','\u0035','\u0036','\u0037',
'\u0038','\u0039','\u003a','\u003b','\u003c','\u003d','\u003e','\u003f',
'\u0040','\u0041','\u0042','\u0043','\u0044','\u0045','\u0046','\u0047',
'\u0048','\u0049','\u004a','\u004b','\u004c','\u004d','\u004e','\u004f',
'\u0050','\u0051','\u0052','\u0053','\u0054','\u0055','\u0056','\u0057',
'\u0058','\u0059','\u005a','\u005b','\\' ,'\u005d','\u005e','\u005f',
'\u0060','\u0061','\u0062','\u0063','\u0064','\u0065','\u0066','\u0067',
'\u0068','\u0069','\u006a','\u006b','\u006c','\u006d','\u006e','\u006f',
'\u0070','\u0071','\u0072','\u0073','\u0074','\u0075','\u0076','\u0077',
'\u0078','\u0079','\u007a','\u007b','\u007c','\u007d','\u007e','\u007f',
'\u2022','\u2020','\u2021','\u2026','\u2003','\u2002','\u0192','\u2044',
'\u2039','\u203a','\u2212','\u2030','\u201e','\u201c','\u201d','\u2018',
'\u2019','\u201a','\u2122','\ufb01','\ufb02','\u0141','\u0152','\u0160',
'\u0178','\u017d','\u0131','\u0142','\u0153','\u0161','\u017e','\u009f',
'\u20ac','\u00a1','\u00a2','\u00a3','\u00a4','\u00a5','\u00a6','\u00a7',
'\u00a8','\u00a9','\u00aa','\u00ab','\u00ac','\u00ad','\u00ae','\u00af',
'\u00b0','\u00b1','\u00b2','\u00b3','\u00b4','\u00b5','\u00b6','\u00b7',
'\u00b8','\u00b9','\u00ba','\u00bb','\u00bc','\u00bd','\u00be','\u00bf',
'\u00c0','\u00c1','\u00c2','\u00c3','\u00c4','\u00c5','\u00c6','\u00c7',
'\u00c8','\u00c9','\u00ca','\u00cb','\u00cc','\u00cd','\u00ce','\u00cf',
'\u00d0','\u00d1','\u00d2','\u00d3','\u00d4','\u00d5','\u00d6','\u00d7',
'\u00d8','\u00d9','\u00da','\u00db','\u00dc','\u00dd','\u00de','\u00df',
'\u00e0','\u00e1','\u00e2','\u00e3','\u00e4','\u00e5','\u00e6','\u00e7',
'\u00e8','\u00e9','\u00ea','\u00eb','\u00ec','\u00ed','\u00ef','\u00ef',
'\u00f0','\u00f1','\u00f2','\u00f3','\u00f4','\u00f5','\u00f6','\u00f7',
'\u00f8','\u00f9','\u00fa','\u00fb','\u00fc','\u00fd','\u00fe','\u00ff'
};
private static final String EMPTY = "";
private static final String STREAM = "stream";
/* ASCII control character codes */
private static final int NUL = 0x00;
private static final int HT = 0x09;
private static final int LF = 0x0A;
private static final int FF = 0x0C;
private static final int CR = 0x0D;
/** Whitespace characters codes. */
private static final int WHITESPACES [] = {
NUL, HT, LF, FF, CR, ' '
};
/** Delimiting characters codes. */
private static final int DELIMITERS [] = {
'%', '/', '(', ')', '<', '>', '[', ']', '{', '}'
};
/** Source from which to read bytes. */
protected RandomAccessFile _file;
/** Character code of current character. */
protected int _ch;
/**
* If true, use the look-ahead character,
* rather than reading from the file.
*/
private boolean _lookAhead;
/** Current offset into file for reporting purposes. */
private long _offset;
/** Current parse state. */
private State _state;
/** White space string. */
private String _wsString;
/** PDF/A compliance flag. */
private boolean _pdfACompliant;
/** Set of language codes used in UTF strings. */
private Set _languageCodes;
/**
* If true, do not attempt to parse non-whitespace
* delimited tokens, e.g., literal and hexadecimal strings.
*/
private boolean _scanMode;
public Tokenizer ()
{
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
_lookAhead = false;
_ch = 0;
_offset = 0;
_languageCodes = new TreeSet<> ();
_pdfACompliant = true;
_scanMode = false;
}
/**
* Parses out and returns a token from the input file.
* If it hits the end of the file, returns null.
* Other parsing problems cause an exception to be thrown.
* When an exception is thrown, the state is changed to
* WHITESPACE, so the parser can get back in sync more easily.
*/
public Token getNext () throws IOException, PdfException
{
return getNext (0L);
}
/**
* Parses out and returns a token from the input file.
* If it hits the end of the file, returns null.
* Other parsing problems cause an exception to be thrown.
* When an exception is thrown, the state is changed to
* WHITESPACE, so the parser can get back in sync more easily.
*
* @param max Maximum allowable size of the token
*/
public Token getNext (long max) throws IOException, PdfException
{
Token token = null;
StringBuilder buffer = null;
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
// Numeric sign.
boolean negative = false;
// Floating value.
double realValue = 0.0;
// Integer value.
long intValue = 0;
// Numeric fractional positional unit.
double denom = 10.0;
// Stream length.
long length = 0L;
// Last character seen in stream but one.
int prelastch = 0;
// Last character seen in stream.
int lastch = 0;
// Line break flag for the beginning of a data stream.
boolean sawLineBreak = false;
// Carriage return flag for the beginning of a data stream.
boolean sawCR = false;
long startOffset = _offset;
try {
while (true) {
if (max > 0L && _offset - startOffset > max) {
// The token has exceeded the specified maximum size.
if (token != null
&& token instanceof StringValuedToken
&& buffer != null) {
((StringValuedToken) token).setValue (
buffer.toString ());
}
else {
token = null;
}
return token;
}
if (!_lookAhead) {
_ch = readChar ();
if (_ch < 0) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
throw new PdfMalformedException(MessageConstants.PDF_HUL_64, // PDF-HUL-64
_offset);
}
_offset++;
}
else {
_lookAhead = false;
}
if (_state == (State.WHITESPACE)) {
// We are not in the middle of a token.
// Anything we read here starts a token
// or continues whitespace.
if (isWhitespace (_ch)) {
_wsString += (char) _ch;
}
else if (_ch == '[') {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
return new ArrayStart ();
}
else if (_ch == ']') {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
return new ArrayEnd ();
}
else if (_ch == '%') {
_state = State.COMMENT;
buffer = new StringBuilder ();
token = new Comment ();
}
else if (_ch == '+' || _ch == '-') {
_state = State.NUMERIC;
intValue = 0;
negative = (_ch == '-');
token = new Numeric ();
}
else if (_ch == '.') {
_state = State.FRACTIONAL;
realValue = 0.0;
negative = false;
denom = 10.0;
token = new Numeric ();
}
else if (isNumeral (_ch)) {
_state = State.NUMERIC;
intValue = _ch - 48;
denom = 10.0;
token = new Numeric ();
}
else if (_ch == '/') {
_state = State.NAME;
buffer = new StringBuilder ();
token = new Name ();
}
else if (_ch == '(') {
if (!_scanMode) {
_state = State.LITERAL;
token = new Literal ();
buffer = new StringBuilder ();
}
}
else if (_ch == '<') {
_state = State.LESS_THAN;
}
else if (_ch == '>') {
_state = State.GREATER_THAN;
}
else if (!isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_state = State.KEYWORD;
buffer = new StringBuilder ();
buffer.append ((char) _ch);
token = new Keyword ();
}
// end State.WHITESPACE
}
else if (_state == (State.COMMENT)) {
// We are in a comment. Only a line ender can get us out.
if (_ch == CR || _ch == LF) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString += (char) _ch;
((StringValuedToken) token).setValue(buffer.toString());
if (!token.isPdfACompliant()) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
return token;
}
buffer.append ((char) _ch);
}
else if (_state == (State.FRACTIONAL)) {
// We are reading a number and have encountered
// a decimal point.
if (isDelimiter (_ch) || isWhitespace (_ch)) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY + (char) _ch;
if (negative) {
realValue = -realValue;
}
((Numeric) token).setValue (realValue);
if (isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_lookAhead = true;
}
if (!token.isPdfACompliant()) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
return token;
}
else if (isNumeral (_ch)) {
realValue = realValue + ((_ch - 48) / denom);
denom *= 10.0;
}
else {
// Invalid character in a number
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
throw new PdfMalformedException (MessageConstants.PDF_HUL_65, _offset); // PDF-HUL-65
}
}
else if (_state == (State.GREATER_THAN)) {
// '>' must be followed by another '>' as a dict end
if (_ch == '>') {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
return new DictionaryEnd ();
}
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
throw new PdfMalformedException (MessageConstants.PDF_HUL_66, _offset); // PDF-HUL-66
}
else if (_state == (State.HEXADECIMAL)) {
// We're in a hexadecimal string. We will
// transition from this state to a state which
// indicates the encoding used.
if (_ch == '>') {
// A '>' terminates the string.
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
((Literal) token).convertHex ();
return token;
}
else if (!isWhitespace (_ch)) {
((Literal) token).appendHex (_ch);
}
}
else if (_state == (State.KEYWORD)) {
if (isDelimiter (_ch) || isWhitespace (_ch)) {
if (isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_lookAhead = true;
}
if (STREAM.equals(buffer.toString())) {
// Streams can't be nested, so this is
// (or better be) a FileTokenizer.
_state = State.STREAM;
sawLineBreak = (_ch == LF);
sawCR = (_ch == CR);
token = new Stream ();
length = 0L;
lastch = 0;
prelastch = 0;
initStream ((Stream) token);
}
else {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY + (char) _ch;
((StringValuedToken) token).setValue
(buffer.toString ());
if (!token.isPdfACompliant()) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
return token;
}
}
else {
buffer.append ((char) _ch);
}
}
else if (_state == (State.LESS_THAN)) {
// The last character was '<'. If followed
// by another '<', it's the opening token
// for a dictionary. Otherwise it's the
// beginning of a hexadecimal character string.
if (_ch == '<' || _scanMode) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
return new DictionaryStart ();
}
_state = State.HEXADECIMAL;
token = new Literal ();
buffer = new StringBuilder ();
if (_ch == '>') {
backupChar();
}
else {
((Literal) token).appendHex(_ch);
}
}
else if (_state == (State.LITERAL)) {
backupChar ();
_offset += ((Literal) token).processLiteral (this) - 1;
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
return token;
}
else if (_state == (State.NAME)) {
if (_ch == '#') {
// The pound sign can be used as an escape in a name;
// it's followed by two hexadecimal characters:
int ch1 = readChar ();
int ch2 = readChar ();
// Will throw a PDFException if not hexadecimal:
_ch = (hexValue(ch1) << 4) + hexValue(ch2);
}
else if (isDelimiter (_ch) || isWhitespace (_ch)) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
((StringValuedToken) token).setValue(buffer.toString());
if (isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_lookAhead = true;
_wsString = EMPTY;
}
else {
_wsString = EMPTY + (char) _ch;
}
if (!token.isPdfACompliant()) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
return token;
}
buffer.append ((char) _ch);
}
else if (_state == (State.NUMERIC)) {
if (_ch == '.') {
_state = State.FRACTIONAL;
realValue = intValue;
denom = 10;
}
else if (isDelimiter (_ch) || isWhitespace (_ch)
|| !isNumeral (_ch)) {
if (negative) {
if (_state == State.FRACTIONAL) {
realValue = -realValue;
}
else {
intValue = -intValue;
}
}
if (_state == State.FRACTIONAL) {
((Numeric) token).setValue (realValue);
}
else {
((Numeric) token).setValue (intValue);
}
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
if (isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_lookAhead = true;
_wsString = EMPTY;
}
else {
_wsString = EMPTY + (char) _ch;
}
if (!token.isPdfACompliant()) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
return token;
}
else {
if (_state == State.FRACTIONAL) {
realValue = realValue * 10 + _ch - 48;
}
else {
intValue = intValue * 10 + _ch - 48;
}
}
}
else if (_state == (State.STREAM)) {
if (_ch == 'e') {
_state = State.E;
}
else {
prelastch = lastch;
lastch = _ch;
setStreamOffset ((Stream) token);
// Check for a CR/LF or just LF at the start of the stream.
// Since we don't know at this point (not having parsed
// the dictionary) whether the data is external, and since
// the PDF spec says that everything between stream and
// endstream is ignored, we don't know if this requirement
// is enforceable here. But PDF/A forbids external streams,
// so we can at least check compliance there. In any case,
// we subtrace the length of the CR/LF from the purported
// stream length.
if (length == 0 && !sawLineBreak) {
if (_ch == LF) {
sawLineBreak = true;
if (!sawCR) {
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
((Stream) token).setOffset (
((Stream) token).getOffset () + 1);
}
else if (_ch == CR) {
sawCR = true;
((Stream) token).setOffset (
((Stream) token).getOffset () + 1);
}
else {
// Coming here indicates an error if the stream
// isn't external; but we don't know whether
// it is.
_pdfACompliant = false;
}
}
else{
length++;
}
}
}
else if (_state == (State.E)) {
if (_ch == 'n') {
_state = State.EN;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 2;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.EN)) {
if (_ch == 'd') {
_state = State.END;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 3;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.END)) {
if (_ch == 's') {
_state = State.ENDS;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 4;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDS)) {
if (_ch == 't') {
_state = State.ENDST;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 5;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDST)) {
if (_ch == 'r') {
_state = State.ENDSTR;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 6;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDSTR)) {
if (_ch == 'e') {
_state = State.ENDSTRE;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 7;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDSTRE)) {
if (_ch == 'a') {
_state = State.ENDSTREA;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 8;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDSTREA)) {
if (_ch == 'm') {
_state = State.ENDSTREAM;
}
else {
_state = State.STREAM;
length += 9;
}
}
else if (_state == (State.ENDSTREAM)) {
if (isDelimiter (_ch) || isWhitespace (_ch)) {
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
// The line break, if any, before endstream
// is not counted in the length.
if (prelastch == CR && lastch == LF) {
length -= 2;
}
else if (lastch == LF || lastch == CR) {
length -= 1;
}
((Stream) token).setLength (length);
if (isDelimiter (_ch)) {
_lookAhead = true;
_wsString = EMPTY;
}
else {
_wsString = EMPTY + (char) _ch;
}
return token;
}
_state = State.STREAM;
}
}
}
catch (EOFException eofe) {
if (token != null
&& token instanceof StringValuedToken
&& buffer != null) {
((StringValuedToken) token).setValue (buffer.toString ());
}
else {
token = null;
}
}
return token;
}
/** Returns the current offset into the file. */
public long getOffset ()
{
return _offset;
}
/** Returns the set of language codes. Members of the set are Strings. */
public Set getLanguageCodes ()
{
return _languageCodes;
}
/**
* Returns the value of the pdfACompliant flag, which indicates that
* the tokenizer hasn't detected non-compliance. A value of
* true is no guarantee that the file is compliant.
*/
public boolean getPDFACompliant ()
{
return _pdfACompliant;
}
/**
* Sets the value of the pdfACompliant flag. This may be used to
* clear previous detection of noncompliance.
*/
public void setPDFACompliant (boolean pdfACompliant)
{
_pdfACompliant = pdfACompliant;
}
/**
* Returns the value of the last white space string read by the
* tokenizer. Repositioning clears the white space string.
*/
public String getWSString ()
{
return _wsString;
}
/**
* Sets the Tokenizer to a new position in the file.
*
* @param offset The offset in bytes from the start of the file.
*/
public abstract void seek (long offset) throws IOException, PdfException;
/** Reset after a seek. */
protected void seekReset (long offset)
{
_state = State.WHITESPACE;
_wsString = EMPTY;
_lookAhead = false;
_ch = 0;
/* Don't panic, _offset is used only for reporting purposes */
_offset = offset - 1;
}
/** Gets a character from the file or stream, using a buffer. */
public abstract int readChar () throws IOException;
/** Reads a character in one-byte or two-byte format, as requested. */
public int readChar1 (boolean utf16) throws IOException
{
if (utf16) {
int ch1 = readChar ();
int ch2 = readChar ();
return (ch1 << 8) | ch2;
}
else {
return readChar ();
}
}
/** Backs up a byte so it will be read again. */
public abstract void backupChar ();
/** Adds a string to the language codes. */
public void addLanguageCode (String langCode)
{
_languageCodes.add (langCode);
}
/******************************************************************
* PRIVATE CLASS METHODS
******************************************************************/
private static int hexValue (int h) throws PdfException
{
int d;
if (isNumeral(h)) {
d = h - 0x30;
}
else if ('A' <= h && h <= 'F') {
d = h - 0x37;
}
else if ('a' <= h && h <= 'f') {
d = h - 0x57;
}
else {
throw new PdfMalformedException(MessageConstants.PDF_HUL_65); // PDF-HUL-65
}
return d;
}
/**
* Returns true if ch is
* a non-whitespace character which delimits a token.
*/
private static boolean isDelimiter (int ch)
{
for (int delimiter : DELIMITERS) {
if (ch == delimiter) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static boolean isNumeral (int ch)
{
return '0' <= ch && ch <= '9';
}
private static boolean isWhitespace (int ch)
{
for (int whitespace : WHITESPACES) {
if (ch == whitespace) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* If true, do not attempt to parse non-whitespace
* delimited tokens, e.g., literal and hexadecimal strings.
*
* @param flag Scan mode flag
*/
public void scanMode (boolean flag)
{
_scanMode = flag;
}
/**
* Initialization code for Stream object. This is meaningful
* only for the FileTokenizer subclass.
*/
protected abstract void initStream (Stream token)
throws IOException, PdfException;
/**
* Sets the offset of a Stream to the current file position.
* Only the file-based tokenizer can do this, which is why this
* overrides the Tokenizer method.
*/
protected abstract void setStreamOffset (Stream token)
throws IOException, PdfException;
}
