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/*
* Copyright 2004-2023 H2 Group. Multiple-Licensed under the MPL 2.0,
* and the EPL 1.0 (https://h2database.com/html/license.html).
* Initial Developer: H2 Group
*/
package org.h2.util.geometry;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XY;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZM;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.GEOMETRY_COLLECTION;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.LINE_STRING;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.M;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.MULTI_LINE_STRING;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.MULTI_POINT;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.MULTI_POLYGON;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.POINT;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.POLYGON;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.X;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.Y;
import static org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.Z;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.h2.util.StringUtils;
import org.h2.util.geometry.EWKBUtils.EWKBTarget;
import org.h2.util.geometry.GeometryUtils.Target;
/**
* EWKT format support for GEOMETRY data type.
*
*
* This class provides limited support of EWKT. EWKT is based on Well-known Text
* Representation (WKT) from OGC 06-103r4 and includes additional PostGIS
* extensions. SRID support from EWKT is implemented.
*
*/
public final class EWKTUtils {
/**
* 0-based type names of geometries, subtract 1 from type code to get index
* in this array.
*/
static final String[] TYPES = { //
"POINT", //
"LINESTRING", //
"POLYGON", //
"MULTIPOINT", //
"MULTILINESTRING", //
"MULTIPOLYGON", //
"GEOMETRYCOLLECTION", //
};
/**
* Names of dimension systems.
*/
private static final String[] DIMENSION_SYSTEMS = { //
"XY", //
"Z", //
"M", //
"ZM", //
};
/**
* Converter output target that writes a EWKT.
*/
public static final class EWKTTarget extends Target {
private final StringBuilder output;
private final int dimensionSystem;
private int type;
private boolean inMulti;
/**
* Creates a new EWKT output target.
*
* @param output
* output stream
* @param dimensionSystem
* dimension system to use
*/
public EWKTTarget(StringBuilder output, int dimensionSystem) {
this.output = output;
this.dimensionSystem = dimensionSystem;
}
@Override
protected void init(int srid) {
if (srid != 0) {
output.append("SRID=").append(srid).append(';');
}
}
@Override
protected void startPoint() {
writeHeader(POINT);
}
@Override
protected void startLineString(int numPoints) {
writeHeader(LINE_STRING);
if (numPoints == 0) {
output.append("EMPTY");
}
}
@Override
protected void startPolygon(int numInner, int numPoints) {
writeHeader(POLYGON);
if (numPoints == 0) {
output.append("EMPTY");
} else {
output.append('(');
}
}
@Override
protected void startPolygonInner(int numInner) {
output.append(numInner > 0 ? ", " : ", EMPTY");
}
@Override
protected void endNonEmptyPolygon() {
output.append(')');
}
@Override
protected void startCollection(int type, int numItems) {
writeHeader(type);
if (numItems == 0) {
output.append("EMPTY");
}
if (type != GEOMETRY_COLLECTION) {
inMulti = true;
}
}
private void writeHeader(int type) {
this.type = type;
if (inMulti) {
return;
}
output.append(TYPES[type - 1]);
switch (dimensionSystem) {
case DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ:
output.append(" Z");
break;
case DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM:
output.append(" M");
break;
case DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZM:
output.append(" ZM");
}
output.append(' ');
}
@Override
protected Target startCollectionItem(int index, int total) {
if (index == 0) {
output.append('(');
} else {
output.append(", ");
}
return this;
}
@Override
protected void endCollectionItem(Target target, int type, int index, int total) {
if (index + 1 == total) {
output.append(')');
}
}
@Override
protected void endObject(int type) {
switch (type) {
case MULTI_POINT:
case MULTI_LINE_STRING:
case MULTI_POLYGON:
inMulti = false;
}
}
@Override
protected void addCoordinate(double x, double y, double z, double m, int index, int total) {
if (type == POINT && Double.isNaN(x) && Double.isNaN(y) && Double.isNaN(z) && Double.isNaN(m)) {
output.append("EMPTY");
return;
}
if (index == 0) {
output.append('(');
} else {
output.append(", ");
}
writeDouble(x);
output.append(' ');
writeDouble(y);
if ((dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ) != 0) {
output.append(' ');
writeDouble(z);
}
if ((dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM) != 0) {
output.append(' ');
writeDouble(m);
}
if (index + 1 == total) {
output.append(')');
}
}
private void writeDouble(double v) {
String s = Double.toString(GeometryUtils.checkFinite(v));
if (s.endsWith(".0")) {
output.append(s, 0, s.length() - 2);
} else {
int idx = s.indexOf(".0E");
if (idx < 0) {
output.append(s);
} else {
output.append(s, 0, idx).append(s, idx + 2, s.length());
}
}
}
}
/**
* Helper source object for EWKT reading.
*/
private static final class EWKTSource {
private final String ewkt;
private int offset;
EWKTSource(String ewkt) {
this.ewkt = ewkt;
}
int readSRID() {
skipWS();
int srid;
if (ewkt.regionMatches(true, offset, "SRID=", 0, 5)) {
offset += 5;
int idx = ewkt.indexOf(';', 5);
if (idx < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
int end = idx;
while (ewkt.charAt(end - 1) <= ' ') {
end--;
}
srid = Integer.parseInt(StringUtils.trimSubstring(ewkt, offset, end));
offset = idx + 1;
} else {
srid = 0;
}
return srid;
}
void read(char symbol) {
skipWS();
int len = ewkt.length();
if (offset >= len) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (ewkt.charAt(offset) != symbol) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
offset++;
}
int readType() {
skipWS();
int len = ewkt.length();
if (offset >= len) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
int result = 0;
char ch = ewkt.charAt(offset);
switch (ch) {
case 'P':
case 'p':
result = match("POINT", POINT);
if (result == 0) {
result = match("POLYGON", POLYGON);
}
break;
case 'L':
case 'l':
result = match("LINESTRING", LINE_STRING);
break;
case 'M':
case 'm':
if (match("MULTI", 1) != 0) {
result = match("POINT", MULTI_POINT);
if (result == 0) {
result = match("POLYGON", MULTI_POLYGON);
if (result == 0) {
result = match("LINESTRING", MULTI_LINE_STRING);
}
}
}
break;
case 'G':
case 'g':
result = match("GEOMETRYCOLLECTION", GEOMETRY_COLLECTION);
break;
}
if (result == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
return result;
}
int readDimensionSystem() {
int o = offset;
skipWS();
int len = ewkt.length();
if (offset >= len) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
int result;
char ch = ewkt.charAt(offset);
switch (ch) {
case 'M':
case 'm':
result = DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM;
offset++;
break;
case 'Z':
case 'z':
offset++;
if (offset >= len) {
result = DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ;
} else {
ch = ewkt.charAt(offset);
if (ch == 'M' || ch == 'm') {
offset++;
result = DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZM;
} else {
result = DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ;
}
}
break;
default:
result = DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XY;
if (o != offset) {
// Token is already terminated by a whitespace
return result;
}
}
checkStringEnd(len);
return result;
}
boolean readEmpty() {
skipWS();
int len = ewkt.length();
if (offset >= len) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (ewkt.charAt(offset) == '(') {
offset++;
return false;
}
if (match("EMPTY", 1) != 0) {
checkStringEnd(len);
return true;
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
private int match(String token, int code) {
int l = token.length();
if (offset <= ewkt.length() - l && ewkt.regionMatches(true, offset, token, 0, l)) {
offset += l;
} else {
code = 0;
}
return code;
}
private void checkStringEnd(int len) {
if (offset < len) {
char ch = ewkt.charAt(offset);
if (ch > ' ' && ch != '(' && ch != ')' && ch != ',') {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
}
public boolean hasCoordinate() {
skipWS();
if (offset >= ewkt.length()) {
return false;
}
return isNumberStart(ewkt.charAt(offset));
}
public double readCoordinate() {
skipWS();
int len = ewkt.length();
if (offset >= len) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
char ch = ewkt.charAt(offset);
if (!isNumberStart(ch)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
int start = offset++;
while (offset < len && isNumberPart(ch = ewkt.charAt(offset))) {
offset++;
}
if (offset < len) {
if (ch > ' ' && ch != ')' && ch != ',') {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
Double d = Double.parseDouble(ewkt.substring(start, offset));
return d == 0 ? 0 : d;
}
private static boolean isNumberStart(char ch) {
if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
return true;
}
switch (ch) {
case '+':
case '-':
case '.':
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
private static boolean isNumberPart(char ch) {
if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
return true;
}
switch (ch) {
case '+':
case '-':
case '.':
case 'E':
case 'e':
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
public boolean hasMoreCoordinates() {
skipWS();
if (offset >= ewkt.length()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
switch (ewkt.charAt(offset)) {
case ',':
offset++;
return true;
case ')':
offset++;
return false;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
boolean hasData() {
skipWS();
return offset < ewkt.length();
}
int getItemCount() {
int result = 1;
int offset = this.offset, level = 0, len = ewkt.length();
while (offset < len) {
switch (ewkt.charAt(offset++)) {
case ',':
if (level == 0) {
result++;
}
break;
case '(':
level++;
break;
case ')':
if (--level < 0) {
return result;
}
}
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
private void skipWS() {
for (int len = ewkt.length(); offset < len && ewkt.charAt(offset) <= ' '; offset++) {
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return new StringBuilder(ewkt.length() + 3).append(ewkt, 0, offset).append("<*>")
.append(ewkt, offset, ewkt.length()).toString();
}
}
/**
* Converts EWKB to EWKT.
*
* @param ewkb
* source EWKB
* @return EWKT representation
*/
public static String ewkb2ewkt(byte[] ewkb) {
return ewkb2ewkt(ewkb, EWKBUtils.getDimensionSystem(ewkb));
}
/**
* Converts EWKB to EWKT.
*
* @param ewkb
* source EWKB
* @param dimensionSystem
* dimension system
* @return EWKT representation
*/
public static String ewkb2ewkt(byte[] ewkb, int dimensionSystem) {
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
EWKBUtils.parseEWKB(ewkb, new EWKTTarget(output, dimensionSystem));
return output.toString();
}
/**
* Converts EWKT to EWKB.
*
* @param ewkt
* source EWKT
* @return EWKB representation
*/
public static byte[] ewkt2ewkb(String ewkt) {
return ewkt2ewkb(ewkt, getDimensionSystem(ewkt));
}
/**
* Converts EWKT to EWKB.
*
* @param ewkt
* source EWKT
* @param dimensionSystem
* dimension system
* @return EWKB representation
*/
public static byte[] ewkt2ewkb(String ewkt, int dimensionSystem) {
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
EWKBTarget target = new EWKBTarget(output, dimensionSystem);
parseEWKT(ewkt, target);
return output.toByteArray();
}
/**
* Parses a EWKT.
*
* @param ewkt
* source EWKT
* @param target
* output target
*/
public static void parseEWKT(String ewkt, Target target) {
parseEWKT(new EWKTSource(ewkt), target, 0, 0);
}
/**
* Parses geometry type and dimension system from the given string.
*
* @param s
* string to parse
* @return geometry type and dimension system in OGC geometry code format
* (type + dimensionSystem * 1000)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* if input is not valid
*/
public static int parseGeometryType(String s) {
EWKTSource source = new EWKTSource(s);
int type = source.readType();
int dimensionSystem = 0;
if (source.hasData()) {
dimensionSystem = source.readDimensionSystem();
if (source.hasData()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
return dimensionSystem * 1_000 + type;
}
/**
* Parses a dimension system from the given string.
*
* @param s
* string to parse
* @return dimension system, one of XYZ, XYM, or XYZM
* @see GeometryUtils#DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ
* @see GeometryUtils#DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM
* @see GeometryUtils#DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZM
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* if input is not valid
*/
public static int parseDimensionSystem(String s) {
EWKTSource source = new EWKTSource(s);
int dimensionSystem = source.readDimensionSystem();
if (source.hasData() || dimensionSystem == DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XY) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
return dimensionSystem;
}
/**
* Formats type and dimension system as a string.
*
* @param builder
* string builder
* @param type
* OGC geometry code format (type + dimensionSystem * 1000)
* @return the specified string builder
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* if type is not valid
*/
public static StringBuilder formatGeometryTypeAndDimensionSystem(StringBuilder builder, int type) {
int t = type % 1_000, d = type / 1_000;
if (t < POINT || t > GEOMETRY_COLLECTION || d < DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XY || d > DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZM) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
builder.append(TYPES[t - 1]);
if (d != DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XY) {
builder.append(' ').append(DIMENSION_SYSTEMS[d]);
}
return builder;
}
/**
* Parses a EWKB.
*
* @param source
* EWKT source
* @param target
* output target
* @param parentType
* type of parent geometry collection, or 0 for the root geometry
* @param dimensionSystem
* dimension system of parent geometry
*/
private static void parseEWKT(EWKTSource source, Target target, int parentType, int dimensionSystem) {
if (parentType == 0) {
target.init(source.readSRID());
}
int type;
switch (parentType) {
default: {
type = source.readType();
dimensionSystem = source.readDimensionSystem();
break;
}
case MULTI_POINT:
type = POINT;
break;
case MULTI_LINE_STRING:
type = LINE_STRING;
break;
case MULTI_POLYGON:
type = POLYGON;
break;
}
target.dimensionSystem(dimensionSystem);
switch (type) {
case POINT: {
if (parentType != 0 && parentType != MULTI_POINT && parentType != GEOMETRY_COLLECTION) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
boolean empty = source.readEmpty();
target.startPoint();
if (empty) {
target.addCoordinate(Double.NaN, Double.NaN, Double.NaN, Double.NaN, 0, 1);
} else {
addCoordinate(source, target, dimensionSystem, 0, 1);
source.read(')');
}
break;
}
case LINE_STRING: {
if (parentType != 0 && parentType != MULTI_LINE_STRING && parentType != GEOMETRY_COLLECTION) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
boolean empty = source.readEmpty();
if (empty) {
target.startLineString(0);
} else {
ArrayList coordinates = new ArrayList<>();
do {
coordinates.add(readCoordinate(source, dimensionSystem));
} while (source.hasMoreCoordinates());
int numPoints = coordinates.size();
if (numPoints < 0 || numPoints == 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
target.startLineString(numPoints);
for (int i = 0; i < numPoints; i++) {
double[] c = coordinates.get(i);
target.addCoordinate(c[X], c[Y], c[Z], c[M], i, numPoints);
}
}
break;
}
case POLYGON: {
if (parentType != 0 && parentType != MULTI_POLYGON && parentType != GEOMETRY_COLLECTION) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
boolean empty = source.readEmpty();
if (empty) {
target.startPolygon(0, 0);
} else {
ArrayList outer = readRing(source, dimensionSystem);
ArrayList> inner = new ArrayList<>();
while (source.hasMoreCoordinates()) {
inner.add(readRing(source, dimensionSystem));
}
int numInner = inner.size();
int size = outer.size();
// Size may be 0 (EMPTY) or 4+
if (size >= 1 && size <= 3) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (size == 0 && numInner > 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
target.startPolygon(numInner, size);
if (size > 0) {
addRing(outer, target);
for (int i = 0; i < numInner; i++) {
ArrayList ring = inner.get(i);
size = ring.size();
// Size may be 0 (EMPTY) or 4+
if (size >= 1 && size <= 3) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
target.startPolygonInner(size);
addRing(ring, target);
}
target.endNonEmptyPolygon();
}
}
break;
}
case MULTI_POINT:
case MULTI_LINE_STRING:
case MULTI_POLYGON:
parseCollection(source, target, type, parentType, dimensionSystem);
break;
case GEOMETRY_COLLECTION:
parseCollection(source, target, GEOMETRY_COLLECTION, parentType, 0);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
target.endObject(type);
if (parentType == 0 && source.hasData()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
private static void parseCollection(EWKTSource source, Target target, int type, int parentType,
int dimensionSystem) {
if (parentType != 0 && parentType != GEOMETRY_COLLECTION) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (source.readEmpty()) {
target.startCollection(type, 0);
} else {
if (type == MULTI_POINT && source.hasCoordinate()) {
parseMultiPointAlternative(source, target, dimensionSystem);
} else {
int numItems = source.getItemCount();
target.startCollection(type, numItems);
for (int i = 0; i < numItems; i++) {
if (i > 0) {
source.read(',');
}
Target innerTarget = target.startCollectionItem(i, numItems);
parseEWKT(source, innerTarget, type, dimensionSystem);
target.endCollectionItem(innerTarget, type, i, numItems);
}
source.read(')');
}
}
}
private static void parseMultiPointAlternative(EWKTSource source, Target target, int dimensionSystem) {
// Special case for MULTIPOINT (1 2, 3 4)
ArrayList points = new ArrayList<>();
do {
points.add(readCoordinate(source, dimensionSystem));
} while (source.hasMoreCoordinates());
int numItems = points.size();
target.startCollection(MULTI_POINT, numItems);
for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); i++) {
Target innerTarget = target.startCollectionItem(i, numItems);
target.startPoint();
double[] c = points.get(i);
target.addCoordinate(c[X], c[Y], c[Z], c[M], 0, 1);
target.endCollectionItem(innerTarget, MULTI_POINT, i, numItems);
}
}
private static ArrayList readRing(EWKTSource source, int dimensionSystem) {
if (source.readEmpty()) {
return new ArrayList<>(0);
}
ArrayList result = new ArrayList<>();
double[] c = readCoordinate(source, dimensionSystem);
double startX = c[X], startY = c[Y];
result.add(c);
while (source.hasMoreCoordinates()) {
result.add(readCoordinate(source, dimensionSystem));
}
int size = result.size();
if (size < 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
c = result.get(size - 1);
double endX = c[X], endY = c[Y];
/*
* TODO OGC 06-103r4 determines points as equal if they have the same X
* and Y coordinates. Should we check Z and M here too?
*/
if (startX != endX || startY != endY) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
return result;
}
private static void addRing(ArrayList ring, Target target) {
for (int i = 0, size = ring.size(); i < size; i++) {
double[] coordinates = ring.get(i);
target.addCoordinate(coordinates[X], coordinates[Y], coordinates[Z], coordinates[M], i, size);
}
}
private static void addCoordinate(EWKTSource source, Target target, int dimensionSystem, int index, int total) {
double x = source.readCoordinate();
double y = source.readCoordinate();
double z = (dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ) != 0 ? source.readCoordinate() : Double.NaN;
double m = (dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM) != 0 ? source.readCoordinate() : Double.NaN;
target.addCoordinate(x, y, z, m, index, total);
}
private static double[] readCoordinate(EWKTSource source, int dimensionSystem) {
double x = source.readCoordinate();
double y = source.readCoordinate();
double z = (dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYZ) != 0 ? source.readCoordinate() : Double.NaN;
double m = (dimensionSystem & DIMENSION_SYSTEM_XYM) != 0 ? source.readCoordinate() : Double.NaN;
return new double[] { x, y, z, m };
}
/**
* Reads the dimension system from EWKT.
*
* @param ewkt
* EWKT source
* @return the dimension system
*/
public static int getDimensionSystem(String ewkt) {
EWKTSource source = new EWKTSource(ewkt);
source.readSRID();
source.readType();
return source.readDimensionSystem();
}
private EWKTUtils() {
}
}