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/*
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * The OpenSearch Contributors require contributions made to
 * this file be licensed under the Apache-2.0 license or a
 * compatible open source license.
 */

/*
 * Licensed to Elasticsearch under one or more contributor
 * license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright
 * ownership. Elasticsearch licenses this file to you under
 * the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
 * not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

/*
 * Modifications Copyright OpenSearch Contributors. See
 * GitHub history for details.
 */

package org.opensearch.client.sniff;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonFactory;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.opensearch.client.Node;
import org.opensearch.client.Node.Roles;
import org.opensearch.client.Request;
import org.opensearch.client.Response;
import org.opensearch.client.RestClient;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static java.util.Collections.singletonList;
import static java.util.Collections.unmodifiableList;
import static java.util.Collections.unmodifiableMap;

/**
 * Class responsible for sniffing the http hosts from opensearch through the nodes info api and returning them back.
 */
public final class OpenSearchNodesSniffer implements NodesSniffer {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(OpenSearchNodesSniffer.class);

    /**
     * The default sniff request timeout (in milliseconds).
     */
    public static final long DEFAULT_SNIFF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1);

    private final RestClient restClient;
    private final Request request;
    private final Scheme scheme;
    private final JsonFactory jsonFactory = new JsonFactory();

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of the OpenSearch sniffer. It will use the provided {@link RestClient} to fetch the hosts,
     * through the nodes info api, the default sniff request timeout value {@link #DEFAULT_SNIFF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT} and http
     * as the scheme for all the hosts.
     * @param restClient client used to fetch the hosts from opensearch through nodes info api. Usually the same instance
     *                   that is also provided to {@link Sniffer#builder(RestClient)}, so that the hosts are set to the same
     *                   client that was used to fetch them.
     */
    public OpenSearchNodesSniffer(RestClient restClient) {
        this(restClient, DEFAULT_SNIFF_REQUEST_TIMEOUT, OpenSearchNodesSniffer.Scheme.HTTP);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of the OpenSearch sniffer. It will use the provided {@link RestClient} to fetch the hosts
     * through the nodes info api, the provided sniff request timeout value and scheme.
     * @param restClient client used to fetch the hosts from opensearch through nodes info api. Usually the same instance
     *                   that is also provided to {@link Sniffer#builder(RestClient)}, so that the hosts are set to the same
     *                   client that was used to sniff them.
     * @param sniffRequestTimeoutMillis the sniff request timeout (in milliseconds) to be passed in as a query string parameter
     *                                  to opensearch. Allows to halt the request without any failure, as only the nodes
     *                                  that have responded within this timeout will be returned.
     * @param scheme the scheme to associate sniffed nodes with (as it is not returned by opensearch)
     */
    public OpenSearchNodesSniffer(RestClient restClient, long sniffRequestTimeoutMillis, Scheme scheme) {
        this.restClient = Objects.requireNonNull(restClient, "restClient cannot be null");
        if (sniffRequestTimeoutMillis < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sniffRequestTimeoutMillis must be greater than 0");
        }
        this.request = new Request("GET", "/_nodes/http");
        request.addParameter("timeout", sniffRequestTimeoutMillis + "ms");
        this.scheme = Objects.requireNonNull(scheme, "scheme cannot be null");
    }

    /**
     * Calls the opensearch nodes info api, parses the response and returns all the found http hosts
     */
    @Override
    public List sniff() throws IOException {
        Response response = restClient.performRequest(request);
        return readHosts(response.getEntity(), scheme, jsonFactory);
    }

    static List readHosts(HttpEntity entity, Scheme scheme, JsonFactory jsonFactory) throws IOException {
        try (InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent()) {
            JsonParser parser = jsonFactory.createParser(inputStream);
            if (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
                throw new IOException("expected data to start with an object");
            }
            List nodes = new ArrayList<>();
            while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
                if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
                    if ("nodes".equals(parser.getCurrentName())) {
                        while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
                            JsonToken token = parser.nextToken();
                            assert token == JsonToken.START_OBJECT;
                            String nodeId = parser.getCurrentName();
                            Node node = readNode(nodeId, parser, scheme);
                            if (node != null) {
                                nodes.add(node);
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        parser.skipChildren();
                    }
                }
            }
            return nodes;
        }
    }

    private static Node readNode(String nodeId, JsonParser parser, Scheme scheme) throws IOException {
        HttpHost publishedHost = null;
        /*
         * We sniff the bound hosts so we can look up the node based on any
         * address on which it is listening. This is useful in OpenSearch's
         * test framework where we sometimes publish ipv6 addresses but the
         * tests contact the node on ipv4.
         */
        Set boundHosts = new HashSet<>();
        String name = null;
        String version = null;
        /*
         * Multi-valued attributes come with key = `real_key.index` and we
         * unflip them after reading them because we can't rely on the order
         * that they arive.
         */
        final Map protoAttributes = new HashMap();

        boolean sawRoles = false;
        final Set roles = new TreeSet<>();

        String fieldName = null;
        while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
            if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.FIELD_NAME) {
                fieldName = parser.getCurrentName();
            } else if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
                if ("http".equals(fieldName)) {
                    while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
                        if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_STRING && "publish_address".equals(parser.getCurrentName())) {
                            String address = parser.getValueAsString();
                            String host;
                            URI publishAddressAsURI;

                            // ES7 cname/ip:port format
                            if (address.contains("/")) {
                                String[] cnameAndURI = address.split("/", 2);
                                publishAddressAsURI = URI.create(scheme + "://" + cnameAndURI[1]);
                                host = cnameAndURI[0];
                            } else {
                                publishAddressAsURI = URI.create(scheme + "://" + address);
                                host = publishAddressAsURI.getHost();
                            }
                            publishedHost = new HttpHost(host, publishAddressAsURI.getPort(), publishAddressAsURI.getScheme());
                        } else if (parser.currentToken() == JsonToken.START_ARRAY && "bound_address".equals(parser.getCurrentName())) {
                            while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
                                URI boundAddressAsURI = URI.create(scheme + "://" + parser.getValueAsString());
                                boundHosts.add(
                                    new HttpHost(boundAddressAsURI.getHost(), boundAddressAsURI.getPort(), boundAddressAsURI.getScheme())
                                );
                            }
                        } else if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
                            parser.skipChildren();
                        }
                    }
                } else if ("attributes".equals(fieldName)) {
                    while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
                        if (parser.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_STRING) {
                            String oldValue = protoAttributes.put(parser.getCurrentName(), parser.getValueAsString());
                            if (oldValue != null) {
                                throw new IOException("repeated attribute key [" + parser.getCurrentName() + "]");
                            }
                        } else {
                            parser.skipChildren();
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    parser.skipChildren();
                }
            } else if (parser.currentToken() == JsonToken.START_ARRAY) {
                if ("roles".equals(fieldName)) {
                    sawRoles = true;
                    while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
                        roles.add(parser.getText());
                    }
                } else {
                    parser.skipChildren();
                }
            } else if (parser.currentToken().isScalarValue()) {
                if ("version".equals(fieldName)) {
                    version = parser.getText();
                } else if ("name".equals(fieldName)) {
                    name = parser.getText();
                }
            }
        }
        // http section is not present if http is not enabled on the node, ignore such nodes
        if (publishedHost == null) {
            logger.debug("skipping node [" + nodeId + "] with http disabled");
            return null;
        }

        Map> realAttributes = new HashMap<>(protoAttributes.size());
        for (Map.Entry entry : protoAttributes.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getValue().startsWith("[")) {
                // Convert string array to list
                String value = entry.getValue();
                String[] values = value.substring(1, value.length() - 1).split(", ");
                realAttributes.put(entry.getKey(), unmodifiableList(Arrays.asList(values)));
            } else {
                realAttributes.put(entry.getKey(), singletonList(entry.getValue()));
            }
        }

        assert sawRoles : "didn't see roles for [" + nodeId + "]";
        assert boundHosts.contains(publishedHost) : "[" + nodeId + "] doesn't make sense! publishedHost should be in boundHosts";
        logger.trace("adding node [" + nodeId + "]");
        return new Node(publishedHost, boundHosts, name, version, new Roles(roles), unmodifiableMap(realAttributes));
    }

    /**
     * The supported host schemes.
     */
    public enum Scheme {
        /**
         * The HTTP host scheme.
         */
        HTTP("http"),

        /**
         * The HTTPS host scheme.
         */
        HTTPS("https");

        private final String name;

        Scheme(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return name;
        }
    }
}




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