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OptaPlanner solves planning problems. This lightweight, embeddable planning engine implements powerful and scalable algorithms to optimize business resource scheduling and planning. This module contains the examples which demonstrate how to use it in a normal Java application.

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package org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.persistence;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import javax.json.Json;
import javax.json.JsonArray;
import javax.json.JsonObject;
import javax.json.JsonReader;
import javax.json.JsonValue;

import org.optaplanner.examples.common.util.Pair;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.ConferenceConstraintConfiguration;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.ConferenceSolution;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.Room;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.Speaker;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.Talk;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.TalkType;
import org.optaplanner.examples.conferencescheduling.domain.Timeslot;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Import an instance of a Devoxx conference from the REST API created with https://github.com/nicmarti/cfp-devoxx
 */
public class ConferenceSchedulingCfpDevoxxImporter {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConferenceSchedulingCfpDevoxxImporter.class);

    // TODO expose these properties in the "import CFP dialog" or better yet, enhance the cfp-devoxx REST api to expose them
    private static final String ZONE_ID = "Europe/Paris";
    private static final String[] SMALL_ROOMS_TYPE_NAMES = { "lab", "Hands-on Labs", "bof", "BOF (Bird of a Feather)", "ignite",
            "Ignite Sessions" };
    private static final String[] LARGE_ROOMS_TYPE_NAMES = { "tia", "Tools-in-Action", "uni", "University",
            "conf", "Conference", "Deep Dive", "key", "Keynote", "Quickie", "quick" };

    private static final String[] IGNORED_TALK_TYPES = { "ignite", "key" };
    private static final String[] IGNORED_ROOM_IDS = { "ExhibitionHall" };
    private static final String[] IGNORED_SPEAKER_NAMES = { "Devoxx Partner" };

    private String conferenceBaseUrl;
    private Map talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap;
    private Map roomIdToRoomMap;
    private Map speakerNameToSpeakerMap;
    private Map talkCodeToTalkMap;
    private Set trackIdSet;

    private ConferenceSolution solution;
    private Map timeslotTalkTypeToTotalMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Map talkTalkTypeToTotalMap = new HashMap<>();

    public ConferenceSchedulingCfpDevoxxImporter(String conferenceBaseUrl) {
        this.conferenceBaseUrl = conferenceBaseUrl;
    }

    public ConferenceSolution importSolution() {
        solution = new ConferenceSolution(0L);
        solution.setConferenceName(getConferenceName());
        ConferenceConstraintConfiguration constraintConfiguration = new ConferenceConstraintConfiguration(0L);
        solution.setConstraintConfiguration(constraintConfiguration);

        importTalkTypeList();
        importTrackIdSet();
        importRoomList();
        importSpeakerList();
        importTalkList();
        importTimeslotList();

        for (TalkType talkType : solution.getTalkTypeList()) {
            LOGGER.info("{}: Timeslots Total is {}, Talks Total is {}.", talkType.getName(),
                    timeslotTalkTypeToTotalMap.get(talkType.getName()) == null ? 0
                            : timeslotTalkTypeToTotalMap.get(talkType.getName()),
                    talkTalkTypeToTotalMap.get(talkType.getName()) == null ? 0
                            : talkTalkTypeToTotalMap.get(talkType.getName()));
        }
        return solution;
    }

    private String getConferenceName() {
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", conferenceBaseUrl);
        JsonObject conferenceObject = readJson(conferenceBaseUrl, JsonReader::readObject);
        return conferenceObject.getString("eventCode");
    }

    private void importTalkTypeList() {
        this.talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap = new HashMap<>();
        List talkTypeList = new ArrayList<>();

        String proposalTypeUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/proposalTypes";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", proposalTypeUrl);
        JsonObject rootObject = readJson(proposalTypeUrl, JsonReader::readObject);

        JsonArray talkTypeArray = rootObject.getJsonArray("proposalTypes");
        for (int i = 0; i < talkTypeArray.size(); i++) {
            JsonObject talkTypeObject = talkTypeArray.getJsonObject(i);
            String talkTypeId = talkTypeObject.getString("id");
            if (talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.keySet().contains(talkTypeId)) {
                LOGGER.warn("Duplicate talk type in {} at index {}.", proposalTypeUrl, i);
                continue;
            }

            TalkType talkType = new TalkType(i, talkTypeId);
            talkType.setCompatibleRoomSet(new HashSet<>());
            talkType.setCompatibleTimeslotSet(new HashSet<>());

            talkTypeList.add(talkType);
            talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.put(talkTypeId, talkType);
        }

        solution.setTalkTypeList(talkTypeList);
    }

    private void importTrackIdSet() {
        this.trackIdSet = new HashSet<>();
        String tracksUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/tracks";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", tracksUrl);
        JsonObject rootObject = readJson(tracksUrl, JsonReader::readObject);

        JsonArray tracksArray = rootObject.getJsonArray("tracks");
        for (int i = 0; i < tracksArray.size(); i++) {
            trackIdSet.add(tracksArray.getJsonObject(i).getString("id"));
        }
    }

    private void importRoomList() {
        this.roomIdToRoomMap = new HashMap<>();
        List roomList = new ArrayList<>();

        String roomsUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/rooms/";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", roomsUrl);
        JsonObject rootObject = readJson(roomsUrl, JsonReader::readObject);

        JsonArray roomArray = rootObject.getJsonArray("rooms");
        for (int i = 0; i < roomArray.size(); i++) {
            JsonObject roomObject = roomArray.getJsonObject(i);
            String id = roomObject.getString("id");
            int capacity = roomObject.getInt("capacity");

            if (!Arrays.asList(IGNORED_ROOM_IDS).contains(id)) {
                Room room = new Room(i);
                room.setName(id);
                room.setCapacity(capacity);
                room.setTalkTypeSet(getTalkTypeSetForCapacity(capacity));
                for (TalkType talkType : room.getTalkTypeSet()) {
                    talkType.getCompatibleRoomSet().add(room);
                }
                room.setTagSet(new HashSet<>());
                room.setUnavailableTimeslotSet(new HashSet<>());
                roomList.add(room);
                roomIdToRoomMap.put(id, room);
            }
        }

        if (roomList.isEmpty()) {
            LOGGER.warn(
                    "There are no rooms. Log into the CFP webapp, open the tab configuration and add the rooms before importing it here.");
        }
        roomList.sort(Comparator.comparing(Room::getName));
        solution.setRoomList(roomList);
    }

    private void importSpeakerList() {
        this.speakerNameToSpeakerMap = new HashMap<>();
        List speakerList = new ArrayList<>();

        String speakersUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/speakers";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", speakersUrl);
        JsonArray speakerArray = readJson(speakersUrl, JsonReader::readArray);

        for (int i = 0; i < speakerArray.size(); i++) {
            String speakerUrl = speakerArray.getJsonObject(i).getJsonArray("links").getJsonObject(0).getString("href");
            LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", speakerUrl);
            JsonObject speakerObject = readJson(speakerUrl, JsonReader::readObject);

            String speakerId = speakerObject.getString("uuid");
            String speakerName = speakerObject.getString("firstName") + " " + speakerObject.getString("lastName");

            if (Arrays.asList(IGNORED_SPEAKER_NAMES).contains(speakerName)) {
                continue;
            }
            Speaker speaker = new Speaker(i);
            speaker.setName(speakerName);
            speaker.withPreferredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withPreferredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withProhibitedRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withProhibitedTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withRequiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withRequiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUnavailableTimeslotSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUndesiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUndesiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>());
            speakerList.add(speaker);
            if (speakerNameToSpeakerMap.keySet().contains(speakerName)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Speaker (" + speakerName + ") with id (" + speakerId
                        + ") already exists in the speaker list");
            }
            speakerNameToSpeakerMap.put(speakerName, speaker);
        }

        speakerList.sort(Comparator.comparing(Speaker::getName));
        solution.setSpeakerList(speakerList);
    }

    private void importTalkList() {
        this.talkCodeToTalkMap = new HashMap<>();
        solution.setTalkList(new ArrayList<>());

        String talksUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/talks";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", talksUrl);
        for (JsonValue talksValue : readJson(talksUrl, JsonReader::readObject).getJsonObject("talks").values()) {
            JsonArray talkArray = (JsonArray) talksValue;
            for (int i = 0; i < talkArray.size(); i++) {
                JsonObject talkObject = talkArray.getJsonObject(i);

                String code = talkObject.getString("id");
                String title = talkObject.getString("title");
                String talkTypeId = talkObject.getJsonObject("talkType").getString("id");
                Set themeTrackSet = extractThemeTrackSet(talkObject, code, title);
                String language = talkObject.getString("lang");
                String audienceLevelAsString = talkObject.getString("audienceLevel").replaceAll("[^0-9]", "");
                int audienceLevel = Integer.parseInt(audienceLevelAsString.isEmpty() ? "1" : audienceLevelAsString);
                List speakerList = extractSpeakerList(talkObject, code, title);
                Set contentTagSet = extractContentTagSet(talkObject);

                if (!Arrays.asList(IGNORED_TALK_TYPES).contains(talkTypeId)) {
                    createTalk(code, title, talkTypeId, themeTrackSet, language, speakerList, audienceLevel, contentTagSet);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private Set extractThemeTrackSet(JsonObject talkObject, String code, String title) {
        Set themeTrackSet = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(talkObject.getJsonObject("track").getString("id")));
        if (!trackIdSet.containsAll(themeTrackSet)) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("The talk (" + title + ") with id (" + code
                    + ") contains trackId (" + themeTrackSet + ") that doesn't exist in the trackIdSet.");
        }
        return themeTrackSet;
    }

    private List extractSpeakerList(JsonObject talkObject, String code, String title) {
        List speakerList = new ArrayList<>();

        String mainSpeakerName = talkObject.getString("mainSpeaker");
        if (Arrays.asList(IGNORED_SPEAKER_NAMES).contains(mainSpeakerName)) {
            return speakerList;
        }

        speakerList.add(getSpeakerOrCreateOneIfNull(code, title, mainSpeakerName));
        if (talkObject.containsKey("secondarySpeaker")) {
            String secondarySpeakerName = talkObject.getString("secondarySpeaker");
            speakerList.add(getSpeakerOrCreateOneIfNull(code, title, secondarySpeakerName));
        }

        if (talkObject.containsKey("otherSpeakers")) {
            JsonArray otherSpeakersArray = talkObject.getJsonArray("otherSpeakers");
            for (JsonValue otherSpeakerName : otherSpeakersArray) {
                speakerList.add(getSpeakerOrCreateOneIfNull(code, title,
                        otherSpeakerName.toString().replaceAll("\"", "")));
            }
        }

        return speakerList;
    }

    private Speaker getSpeakerOrCreateOneIfNull(String code, String title, String speakerName) {
        Speaker speaker = speakerNameToSpeakerMap.get(speakerName);
        if (speaker == null) {
            LOGGER.warn("The talk ({}: {}) has a speaker ({}) that doesn't exist in speaker list.", code, title, speakerName);

            speaker = new Speaker(solution.getSpeakerList().size());
            speaker.setName(speakerName);
            speaker.withPreferredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withPreferredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withProhibitedRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withProhibitedTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withRequiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withRequiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUnavailableTimeslotSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUndesiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                    .withUndesiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>());
            if (speakerNameToSpeakerMap.keySet().contains(speakerName)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Speaker (" + speakerName + ") already exists in the speaker list");
            }
            speakerNameToSpeakerMap.put(speakerName, speaker);
            solution.getSpeakerList().add(speaker);
        }
        return speaker;
    }

    private Set extractContentTagSet(JsonObject talkObject) {
        if (talkObject.containsKey("tags")) {
            return talkObject.getJsonArray("tags").stream()
                    .map(JsonObject.class::cast)
                    .filter(tagObject -> !tagObject.getString("value").isEmpty())
                    .map(tagObject -> tagObject.getString("value"))
                    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
        }
        return new HashSet<>();
    }

    private void createTalk(String code, String title, String talkTypeId, Set themeTrackSet,
            String languageg, List speakerList, int audienceLevel, Set contentTagSet) {
        Talk talk = new Talk(solution.getTalkList().size());
        talk.setCode(code);
        talk.setTitle(title);
        if (talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(talkTypeId) == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("The talk (" + title + ") with id (" + code
                    + ") has a talkType (" + talkTypeId + ") that doesn't exist in the talkType list.");
        }
        talk.setTalkType(talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(talkTypeId));
        talk.withSpeakerList(speakerList)
                .withThemeTrackTagSet(themeTrackSet)
                .withSectorTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withLanguage(languageg)
                .withAudienceTypeSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withAudienceLevel(audienceLevel)
                .withContentTagSet(contentTagSet)
                .withRequiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withPreferredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withProhibitedTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withUndesiredTimeslotTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withRequiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withPreferredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withProhibitedRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withUndesiredRoomTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withMutuallyExclusiveTalksTagSet(new HashSet<>())
                .withPrerequisiteTalksCodesSet(new HashSet<>());

        talkCodeToTalkMap.put(talk.getCode(), talk);
        solution.getTalkList().add(talk);
        talkTalkTypeToTotalMap.merge(talk.getTalkType().getName(), 1, Integer::sum);
    }

    private void importTimeslotList() {
        List timeslotList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map> timeslotToAvailableRoomsMap = new HashMap<>();
        Map, Timeslot> startAndEndTimeToTimeslotMap = new HashMap<>();
        talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.put("unknown", talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get("key"));

        Long timeslotId = 0L;
        String slotsUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/slots";
        JsonArray slotsArray = readJson(slotsUrl, JsonReader::readObject).getJsonArray("slots");

        for (int i = 0; i < slotsArray.size(); i++) {
            JsonObject timeslotObject = slotsArray.getJsonObject(i);
            if (Arrays.asList(IGNORED_ROOM_IDS).contains(timeslotObject.getString("room"))) {
                continue;
            }

            LocalDateTime startDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(
                    Instant.ofEpochMilli(timeslotObject.getJsonNumber("from").longValue()),
                    ZoneId.of(ZONE_ID));
            LocalDateTime endDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(
                    Instant.ofEpochMilli(timeslotObject.getJsonNumber("to").longValue()),
                    ZoneId.of(ZONE_ID));

            Room room = extractRoom(timeslotObject, "id", "room");

            // Assuming slotId is of format: tia_room6_monday_12_.... take only "tia"
            // Specific for DevoxxBE, unknown in slotId matches a keynote slot
            String talkTypeId = timeslotObject.getString("id").split("_")[0];
            if (Arrays.asList(IGNORED_TALK_TYPES).contains(talkTypeId)) {
                continue;
            }
            TalkType timeslotTalkType = talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(talkTypeId);

            Timeslot timeslot = startAndEndTimeToTimeslotMap.get(Pair.of(startDateTime, endDateTime));
            if (timeslot != null) {
                timeslotToAvailableRoomsMap.get(timeslot).add(room);
                if (timeslotTalkType != null) {
                    timeslot.getTalkTypeSet().add(timeslotTalkType);
                }
            } else {
                timeslot = new Timeslot(timeslotId++);
                timeslot.withStartDateTime(startDateTime)
                        .withEndDateTime(endDateTime)
                        .withTalkTypeSet(
                                timeslotTalkType == null ? new HashSet<>() : new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(timeslotTalkType)));
                timeslot.setTagSet(new HashSet<>());

                timeslotList.add(timeslot);
                timeslotToAvailableRoomsMap.put(timeslot, new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(room)));
                startAndEndTimeToTimeslotMap.put(Pair.of(startDateTime, endDateTime), timeslot);
            }

            for (TalkType talkType : timeslot.getTalkTypeSet()) {
                talkType.getCompatibleTimeslotSet().add(timeslot);
            }
            timeslotTalkTypeToTotalMap.merge(talkTypeId, 1, Integer::sum);
        }

        String schedulesUrl = conferenceBaseUrl + "/schedules/";
        LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", schedulesUrl);
        JsonArray daysArray = readJson(schedulesUrl, JsonReader::readObject).getJsonArray("links");
        for (int i = 0; i < daysArray.size(); i++) {
            JsonObject dayObject = daysArray.getJsonObject(i);
            String dayUrl = dayObject.getString("href");

            LOGGER.debug("Sending a request to: {}", dayUrl);
            JsonArray daySlotsArray = readJson(dayUrl, JsonReader::readObject).getJsonArray("slots");

            for (int j = 0; j < daySlotsArray.size(); j++) {
                JsonObject timeslotObject = daySlotsArray.getJsonObject(j);

                if (Arrays.asList(IGNORED_ROOM_IDS).contains(timeslotObject.getString("roomId"))
                        || Arrays.asList(IGNORED_TALK_TYPES).contains(timeslotObject.getString("slotId").split("_")[0])) {
                    continue;
                }

                LocalDateTime startDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(
                        Instant.ofEpochMilli(timeslotObject.getJsonNumber("fromTimeMillis").longValue()),
                        ZoneId.of(ZONE_ID));
                LocalDateTime endDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(
                        Instant.ofEpochMilli(timeslotObject.getJsonNumber("toTimeMillis").longValue()),
                        ZoneId.of(ZONE_ID));
                Timeslot timeslot = startAndEndTimeToTimeslotMap.get(Pair.of(startDateTime, endDateTime));
                if (timeslot == null) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Timeslot (" + timeslotObject.getString("slotId") + ") in + ("
                            + dayUrl + ") does not exist in /slots endpoint.");
                }
                Room room = extractRoom(timeslotObject, "slotId", "roomId");

                if (timeslotObject.containsKey("talk") && !timeslotObject.isNull("talk")) {
                    scheduleTalk(timeslotObject, room, timeslot);
                }
            }
        }

        if (timeslotList.isEmpty()) {
            LOGGER.warn(
                    "There are no timeslots. Log into the CFP webapp, open the tab configuration and add the timeslots before importing it here.");
        }
        for (Room room : solution.getRoomList()) {
            room.setUnavailableTimeslotSet(timeslotList.stream()
                    .filter(timeslot -> !timeslotToAvailableRoomsMap.get(timeslot).contains(room))
                    .collect(Collectors.toSet()));
        }

        timeslotList.sort(Comparator.comparing(Timeslot::getStartDateTime));
        solution.setTimeslotList(timeslotList);
    }

    private Room extractRoom(JsonObject timeslotObject, String slotId, String roomId) {
        Room room = roomIdToRoomMap.get(timeslotObject.getString(roomId));
        if (room == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "The timeslot (" + timeslotObject.getString(slotId) + ") has a roomId (" + timeslotObject.getString(roomId)
                            + ") that does not exist in the rooms list");
        }
        return room;
    }

    private Set getTalkTypeSetForCapacity(int capacity) {
        Set talkTypeSet = new HashSet<>();
        List typeNames = new ArrayList<>();
        if (capacity < 100) {
            typeNames.addAll(
                    Arrays.asList(SMALL_ROOMS_TYPE_NAMES).stream()
                            .filter(typeName -> solution.getTalkTypeList().contains(talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(typeName)))
                            .collect(Collectors.toSet()));
        } else {
            typeNames.addAll(Arrays.asList(LARGE_ROOMS_TYPE_NAMES).stream()
                    .filter(typeName -> solution.getTalkTypeList().contains(talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(typeName)))
                    .collect(Collectors.toSet()));
        }

        for (String talkTypeName : typeNames) {
            TalkType talkType = talkTypeIdToTalkTypeMap.get(talkTypeName);
            if (talkType != null) {
                talkTypeSet.add(talkType);
            }
        }

        return talkTypeSet;
    }

    private void scheduleTalk(JsonObject timeslotObject, Room room, Timeslot timeslot) {
        Talk talk = talkCodeToTalkMap.get(timeslotObject.getJsonObject("talk").getString("id"));
        if (talk == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("The timeslot (" + timeslotObject.getString("slotId")
                    + ") has a talk (" + timeslotObject.getJsonObject("talk").getString("id")
                    + ") that does not exist in the talk list");
        }
        if (talk.isPinnedByUser()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("The timeslot (" + timeslotObject.getString("slotId")
                    + ") has a talk (" + timeslotObject.getJsonObject("talk").getString("id")
                    + ") that is already pinned by user at another timeslot (" + talk.getTimeslot().toString() + ").");
        }
        talk.setRoom(room);
        talk.setTimeslot(timeslot);
    }

    private  R readJson(String url, Function mapper) {
        try (InputStream inputStream = new ConnectionFollowRedirects(url).getInputStream()) {
            JsonReader jsonReader = Json.createReader(inputStream);
            return mapper.apply(jsonReader);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Import failed on URL (" + url + ").", e);
        }
    }
}




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