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dependency-check-core is the engine and reporting tool used to identify and report if there are any known, publicly disclosed vulnerabilities in the scanned project's dependencies. The engine extracts meta-data from the dependencies and uses this to do fuzzy key-word matching against the Common Platfrom Enumeration (CPE), if any CPE identifiers are found the associated Common Vulnerability and Exposure (CVE) entries are added to the generated report.
/*
* This file is part of dependency-check-core.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
* Copyright (c) 2017 Steve Springett. All Rights Reserved.
*/
package org.owasp.dependencycheck.analyzer;
import com.github.packageurl.MalformedPackageURLException;
import com.github.packageurl.PackageURL;
import com.github.packageurl.PackageURL.StandardTypes;
import com.github.packageurl.PackageURLBuilder;
import org.semver4j.Semver;
import org.semver4j.SemverException;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.Engine;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.data.nodeaudit.Advisory;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.data.nodeaudit.NodeAuditSearch;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.Confidence;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.Dependency;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.Reference;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.Vulnerability;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.VulnerableSoftware;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.VulnerableSoftwareBuilder;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.exception.InitializationException;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.utils.InvalidSettingException;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.utils.Settings;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.concurrent.ThreadSafe;
import javax.json.Json;
import javax.json.JsonArray;
import javax.json.JsonObject;
import javax.json.JsonObjectBuilder;
import javax.json.JsonString;
import javax.json.JsonValue;
import javax.json.JsonValue.ValueType;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.MultiValuedMap;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.analyzer.exception.AnalysisException;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.analyzer.exception.UnexpectedAnalysisException;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.data.nvd.ecosystem.Ecosystem;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.EvidenceType;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.naming.GenericIdentifier;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.naming.Identifier;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.dependency.naming.PurlIdentifier;
import org.owasp.dependencycheck.utils.Checksum;
import us.springett.parsers.cpe.exceptions.CpeValidationException;
import us.springett.parsers.cpe.values.Part;
/**
* An abstract NPM analyzer that contains common methods for concrete
* implementations.
*
* @author Steve Springett
*/
@ThreadSafe
public abstract class AbstractNpmAnalyzer extends AbstractFileTypeAnalyzer {
/**
* The logger.
*/
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AbstractNpmAnalyzer.class);
/**
* A descriptor for the type of dependencies processed or added by this
* analyzer.
*/
public static final String NPM_DEPENDENCY_ECOSYSTEM = Ecosystem.NODEJS;
/**
* The file name to scan.
*/
private static final String PACKAGE_JSON = "package.json";
/**
* The Node Audit Searcher.
*/
private NodeAuditSearch searcher;
/**
* Determines if the file can be analyzed by the analyzer.
*
* @param pathname the path to the file
* @return true if the file can be analyzed by the given analyzer; otherwise
* false
*/
@Override
public boolean accept(File pathname) {
boolean accept = super.accept(pathname);
if (accept) {
try {
accept = shouldProcess(pathname);
} catch (AnalysisException ex) {
throw new UnexpectedAnalysisException(ex.getMessage(), ex.getCause());
}
}
return accept;
}
/**
* Determines if the path contains "/node_modules/" or "/bower_components/"
* (i.e. it is a child module). This analyzer does not scan child modules.
*
* @param pathname the path to test
* @return true
if the path does not contain "/node_modules/"
* or "/bower_components/"
* @throws AnalysisException thrown if the canonical path cannot be obtained
* from the given file
*/
public static boolean shouldProcess(File pathname) throws AnalysisException {
try {
// Do not scan the node_modules (or bower_components) directory
final String canonicalPath = pathname.getCanonicalPath();
if (canonicalPath.contains(File.separator + "node_modules" + File.separator)
|| canonicalPath.contains(File.separator + "bower_components" + File.separator)) {
LOGGER.debug("Skipping analysis of node/bower module: {}", canonicalPath);
return false;
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
throw new AnalysisException("Unable to process dependency", ex);
}
return true;
}
/**
* Construct a dependency object.
*
* @param dependency the parent dependency
* @param name the name of the dependency to create
* @param version the version of the dependency to create
* @param scope the scope of the dependency being created
* @return the generated dependency
*/
protected Dependency createDependency(Dependency dependency, String name, String version, String scope) {
final Dependency nodeModule = new Dependency(new File(dependency.getActualFile() + "?" + name), true);
nodeModule.setEcosystem(NPM_DEPENDENCY_ECOSYSTEM);
//this is virtual - the sha1 is purely for the hyperlink in the final html report
nodeModule.setSha1sum(Checksum.getSHA1Checksum(String.format("%s:%s", name, version)));
nodeModule.setSha256sum(Checksum.getSHA256Checksum(String.format("%s:%s", name, version)));
nodeModule.setMd5sum(Checksum.getMD5Checksum(String.format("%s:%s", name, version)));
nodeModule.addEvidence(EvidenceType.PRODUCT, "package.json", "name", name, Confidence.HIGHEST);
nodeModule.addEvidence(EvidenceType.VENDOR, "package.json", "name", name, Confidence.HIGH);
if (!StringUtils.isBlank(version)) {
nodeModule.addEvidence(EvidenceType.VERSION, "package.json", "version", version, Confidence.HIGHEST);
nodeModule.setVersion(version);
}
if (dependency.getName() != null) {
nodeModule.addProjectReference(dependency.getName() + ": " + scope);
} else {
nodeModule.addProjectReference(dependency.getDisplayFileName() + ": " + scope);
}
nodeModule.setName(name);
//TODO - we can likely create a valid CPE as a low confidence guess using cpe:2.3:a:[name]_project:[name]:[version]
//(and add a targetSw of npm/node)
Identifier id;
try {
final PackageURL purl = PackageURLBuilder.aPackageURL().withType(StandardTypes.NPM)
.withName(name).withVersion(version).build();
id = new PurlIdentifier(purl, Confidence.HIGHEST);
} catch (MalformedPackageURLException ex) {
LOGGER.debug("Unable to generate Purl - using a generic identifier instead " + ex.getMessage());
id = new GenericIdentifier(String.format("npm:%s@%s", dependency.getName(), version), Confidence.HIGHEST);
}
nodeModule.addSoftwareIdentifier(id);
return nodeModule;
}
/**
* Processes a part of package.json (as defined by JsonArray) and update the
* specified dependency with relevant info.
*
* @param engine the dependency-check engine
* @param dependency the Dependency to update
* @param jsonArray the jsonArray to parse
* @param depType the dependency type
*/
protected void processPackage(Engine engine, Dependency dependency, JsonArray jsonArray, String depType) {
final JsonObjectBuilder builder = Json.createObjectBuilder();
jsonArray.getValuesAs(JsonString.class).forEach((str) -> builder.add(str.toString(), ""));
final JsonObject jsonObject = builder.build();
processPackage(engine, dependency, jsonObject, depType);
}
/**
* Processes a part of package.json (as defined by JsonObject) and update
* the specified dependency with relevant info.
*
* @param engine the dependency-check engine
* @param dependency the Dependency to update
* @param jsonObject the jsonObject to parse
* @param depType the dependency type
*/
protected void processPackage(Engine engine, Dependency dependency, JsonObject jsonObject, String depType) {
for (int i = 0; i < jsonObject.size(); i++) {
jsonObject.forEach((name, value) -> {
String version = "";
if (value != null && value.getValueType() == ValueType.STRING) {
version = ((JsonString) value).getString();
}
final Dependency existing = findDependency(engine, name, version);
if (existing == null) {
final Dependency nodeModule = createDependency(dependency, name, version, depType);
engine.addDependency(nodeModule);
} else {
existing.addProjectReference(dependency.getName() + ": " + depType);
}
});
}
}
/**
* Adds information to an evidence collection from the node json
* configuration.
*
* @param dep the dependency to add the evidence
* @param t the type of evidence to add
* @param json information from node.js
* @return the actual string set into evidence
* @param key the key to obtain the data from the json information
*/
private static String addToEvidence(Dependency dep, EvidenceType t, JsonObject json, String key) {
String evidenceStr = null;
if (json.containsKey(key)) {
final JsonValue value = json.get(key);
if (value instanceof JsonString) {
evidenceStr = ((JsonString) value).getString();
dep.addEvidence(t, PACKAGE_JSON, key, evidenceStr, Confidence.HIGHEST);
} else if (value instanceof JsonObject) {
final JsonObject jsonObject = (JsonObject) value;
for (final Map.Entry entry : jsonObject.entrySet()) {
final String property = entry.getKey();
final JsonValue subValue = entry.getValue();
if (subValue instanceof JsonString) {
evidenceStr = ((JsonString) subValue).getString();
dep.addEvidence(t, PACKAGE_JSON,
String.format("%s.%s", key, property),
evidenceStr,
Confidence.HIGHEST);
} else {
LOGGER.warn("JSON sub-value not string as expected: {}", subValue);
}
}
} else if (value instanceof JsonArray) {
final JsonArray jsonArray = (JsonArray) value;
jsonArray.forEach(entry -> {
if (entry instanceof JsonObject) {
((JsonObject) entry).keySet().forEach(item -> {
final JsonValue v = ((JsonObject) entry).get(item);
if (v instanceof JsonString) {
final String eStr = ((JsonString) v).getString();
dep.addEvidence(t, PACKAGE_JSON,
String.format("%s.%s", key, item),
eStr,
Confidence.HIGHEST);
}
});
}
});
} else {
LOGGER.warn("JSON value not string or JSON object as expected: {}", value);
}
}
return evidenceStr;
}
/**
* Locates the dependency from the list of dependencies that have been
* scanned by the engine.
*
* @param engine the dependency-check engine
* @param name the name of the dependency to find
* @param version the version of the dependency to find
* @return the identified dependency; otherwise null
*/
protected Dependency findDependency(Engine engine, String name, String version) {
for (Dependency d : engine.getDependencies()) {
if (NPM_DEPENDENCY_ECOSYSTEM.equals(d.getEcosystem()) && name.equals(d.getName()) && version != null && d.getVersion() != null) {
final String dependencyVersion = d.getVersion();
if (DependencyBundlingAnalyzer.npmVersionsMatch(version, dependencyVersion)) {
return d;
}
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Collects evidence from the given JSON for the associated dependency.
*
* @param json the JSON that contains the evidence to collect
* @param dependency the dependency to add the evidence too
*/
public void gatherEvidence(final JsonObject json, Dependency dependency) {
String displayName = null;
if (json.containsKey("name")) {
final Object value = json.get("name");
if (value instanceof JsonString) {
final String valueString = ((JsonString) value).getString();
displayName = valueString;
dependency.setName(valueString);
dependency.setPackagePath(valueString);
dependency.addEvidence(EvidenceType.PRODUCT, PACKAGE_JSON, "name", valueString, Confidence.HIGHEST);
dependency.addEvidence(EvidenceType.VENDOR, PACKAGE_JSON, "name", valueString, Confidence.HIGHEST);
dependency.addEvidence(EvidenceType.VENDOR, PACKAGE_JSON, "name", valueString + "_project", Confidence.HIGHEST);
} else {
LOGGER.warn("JSON value not string as expected: {}", value);
}
}
//TODO - if we start doing CPE analysis on node - we need to exclude description as it creates too many FP
final String desc = addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "description");
dependency.setDescription(desc);
String vendor = addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "author");
if (vendor == null) {
vendor = addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "maintainers");
} else {
addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "maintainers");
}
addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "homepage");
addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VENDOR, json, "bugs");
final String version = addToEvidence(dependency, EvidenceType.VERSION, json, "version");
if (version != null) {
displayName = String.format("%s:%s", displayName, version);
dependency.setVersion(version);
dependency.setPackagePath(displayName);
Identifier id;
try {
final PackageURL purl = PackageURLBuilder.aPackageURL()
.withType(StandardTypes.NPM).withName(dependency.getName()).withVersion(version).build();
id = new PurlIdentifier(purl, Confidence.HIGHEST);
} catch (MalformedPackageURLException ex) {
LOGGER.debug("Unable to generate Purl - using a generic identifier instead " + ex.getMessage());
id = new GenericIdentifier(String.format("npm:%s:%s", dependency.getName(), version), Confidence.HIGHEST);
}
dependency.addSoftwareIdentifier(id);
}
if (displayName != null) {
dependency.setDisplayFileName(displayName);
dependency.setPackagePath(displayName);
} else {
LOGGER.warn("Unable to determine package name or version for {}", dependency.getActualFilePath());
if (vendor != null && !vendor.isEmpty()) {
dependency.setDisplayFileName(String.format("%s package.json", vendor));
}
}
// Adds the license if defined in package.json
if (json.containsKey("license")) {
final Object value = json.get("license");
if (value instanceof JsonString) {
dependency.setLicense(json.getString("license"));
} else if (value instanceof JsonArray) {
final JsonArray array = (JsonArray) value;
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
boolean addComma = false;
for (int x = 0; x < array.size(); x++) {
if (!array.isNull(x)) {
if (addComma) {
sb.append(", ");
} else {
addComma = true;
}
if (ValueType.STRING == array.get(x).getValueType()) {
sb.append(array.getString(x));
} else {
final JsonObject lo = array.getJsonObject(x);
if (lo.containsKey("type") && !lo.isNull("type")
&& lo.containsKey("url") && !lo.isNull("url")) {
final String license = String.format("%s (%s)", lo.getString("type"), lo.getString("url"));
sb.append(license);
} else if (lo.containsKey("type") && !lo.isNull("type")) {
sb.append(lo.getString("type"));
} else if (lo.containsKey("url") && !lo.isNull("url")) {
sb.append(lo.getString("url"));
}
}
}
}
dependency.setLicense(sb.toString());
} else {
dependency.setLicense(json.getJsonObject("license").getString("type"));
}
}
}
/**
* Initializes the analyzer once before any analysis is performed.
*
* @param engine a reference to the dependency-check engine
* @throws InitializationException if there's an error during initialization
*/
@Override
protected void prepareFileTypeAnalyzer(Engine engine) throws InitializationException {
if (!isEnabled() || !getFilesMatched()) {
this.setEnabled(false);
return;
}
if (searcher == null) {
LOGGER.debug("Initializing {}", getName());
try {
searcher = new NodeAuditSearch(getSettings());
} catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
setEnabled(false);
throw new InitializationException("The configured URL to NPM Audit API is malformed", ex);
}
try {
final Settings settings = engine.getSettings();
final boolean nodeEnabled = settings.getBoolean(Settings.KEYS.ANALYZER_NODE_PACKAGE_ENABLED);
if (!nodeEnabled) {
LOGGER.warn("The Node Package Analyzer has been disabled; the resulting report will only "
+ "contain the known vulnerable dependency - not a bill of materials for the node project.");
}
} catch (InvalidSettingException ex) {
throw new InitializationException("Unable to read configuration settings", ex);
}
}
}
/**
* Processes the advisories creating the appropriate dependency objects and
* adding the resulting vulnerabilities.
*
* @param advisories a collection of advisories from npm
* @param engine a reference to the analysis engine
* @param dependency a reference to the package-lock.json dependency
* @param dependencyMap a collection of module/version pairs obtained from
* the package-lock file - used in case the advisories do not include a
* version number
* @throws CpeValidationException thrown when a CPE cannot be created
*/
protected void processResults(final List advisories, Engine engine,
Dependency dependency, MultiValuedMap dependencyMap)
throws CpeValidationException {
for (Advisory advisory : advisories) {
//Create a new vulnerability out of the advisory returned by nsp.
final Vulnerability vuln = new Vulnerability();
vuln.setDescription(advisory.getOverview());
vuln.setName(String.valueOf(advisory.getId()));
vuln.setUnscoredSeverity(advisory.getSeverity());
vuln.setSource(Vulnerability.Source.NPM);
vuln.addReference(
"Advisory " + advisory.getId() + ": " + advisory.getTitle(),
advisory.getReferences(),
null
);
//Create a single vulnerable software object - these do not use CPEs unlike the NVD.
final VulnerableSoftwareBuilder builder = new VulnerableSoftwareBuilder();
builder.part(Part.APPLICATION).product(advisory.getModuleName().replace(" ", "_"))
.version(advisory.getVulnerableVersions().replace(" ", ""));
final VulnerableSoftware vs = builder.build();
vuln.addVulnerableSoftware(vs);
String version = advisory.getVersion();
if (version == null && dependencyMap.containsKey(advisory.getModuleName())) {
version = determineVersionFromMap(advisory.getVulnerableVersions(), dependencyMap.get(advisory.getModuleName()));
}
final Dependency existing = findDependency(engine, advisory.getModuleName(), version);
if (existing == null) {
final Dependency nodeModule = createDependency(dependency, advisory.getModuleName(), version, "transitive");
nodeModule.addVulnerability(vuln);
engine.addDependency(nodeModule);
} else {
replaceOrAddVulnerability(existing, vuln);
}
}
}
/**
* Evaluates if the vulnerability is already present; if it is the
* vulnerability is not added.
*
* @param dependency a reference to the dependency being analyzed
* @param vuln the vulnerability to add
*/
protected void replaceOrAddVulnerability(Dependency dependency, Vulnerability vuln) {
boolean found = false;
for (Vulnerability existing : dependency.getVulnerabilities()) {
for (Reference ref : existing.getReferences()) {
if (ref.getName() != null
&& vuln.getSource().toString().equals("NPM")
&& ref.getName().equals("https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/" + vuln.getName())) {
found = true;
}
}
}
if (!found) {
dependency.addVulnerability(vuln);
}
}
/**
* Returns the node audit search utility.
*
* @return the node audit search utility
*/
protected NodeAuditSearch getSearcher() {
return searcher;
}
/**
* Give an NPM version range and a collection of versions, this method
* attempts to select a specific version from the collection that is in the
* range.
*
* @param versionRange the version range to evaluate
* @param availableVersions the collection of possible versions to select
* @return the selected range from the versionRange
*/
public static String determineVersionFromMap(String versionRange, Collection availableVersions) {
if (availableVersions.size() == 1) {
return availableVersions.iterator().next();
}
for (String v : availableVersions) {
try {
final Semver version = new Semver(v);
if (version.satisfies(versionRange)) {
return v;
}
} catch (SemverException ex) {
LOGGER.debug("invalid semver: " + v);
}
}
return availableVersions.iterator().next();
}
}