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/*
 * JBoss, Home of Professional Open Source.
 * Copyright 2006, Red Hat Middleware LLC, and individual contributors
 * as indicated by the @author tags. See the copyright.txt file in the
 * distribution for a full listing of individual contributors.
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this software; if not, write to the Free
 * Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
 * 02110-1301 USA, or see the FSF site: http://www.fsf.org.
 */
package org.jboss.security;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedActionException;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import org.jboss.modules.Module;
import org.jboss.modules.ModuleIdentifier;
import org.jboss.modules.ModuleLoader;


/**
 * Util.
 *
 * @author [email protected]
 * @author Adrian Brock
 * @version $Revision: 1.1 $
 */
public class Util
{
   private static PasswordCache externalPasswordCache;

   /**
    * Execute a password load command to obtain the char[] contents of a
    * password.
    * @param  passwordCmd  - A command to execute to obtain the plaintext
    * password. The format is one of:
    * '{EXT}...' where the '...' is the exact command
    * '{EXTC[:expiration_in_millis]}...' where the '...' is the exact command
    * line that will be passed to the Runtime.exec(String) method to execute a
    * platform command. The first line of the command output is used as the
    * password.
    * EXTC variant will cache the passwords for expiration_in_millis milliseconds. 
    * Default cache expiration is 0 = infinity.
    * '{CMD}...' or '{CMDC[:expiration_in_millis]}...' for a general command to execute. The general
    * command is a string delimited by ',' where the first part is the actual
    * command and further parts represents its parameters. The comma can be
    * backslashed in order to keep it as a part of the parameter.
    * '{CLASS[@jboss_module_spec]}classname[:ctorargs]' where the '[:ctorargs]' is an optional
    * string delimited by the ':' from the classname that will be passed to the
    * classname ctor. The ctorargs itself is a comma delimited list of strings.
    * The jboss_module is JBoss Modules module identifier to load the CLASS from.
    * The password is obtained from classname by invoking a
    * 'char[] toCharArray()' method if found, otherwise, the 'String toString()'
    * method is used.
    * @return the password characters
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public static char[] loadPassword(String passwordCmd)
         throws Exception
   {
      SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
      if (sm != null) {
         sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission(Util.class.getName() + ".loadPassword"));
      }
      char[] password = null;
      String passwordCmdType = null;

      // Look for a {...} prefix indicating a password command
      if( passwordCmd.charAt(0) == '{' )
      {
         StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(passwordCmd, "{}");
         passwordCmdType = tokenizer.nextToken();
         passwordCmd = tokenizer.nextToken();
      }
      else
      {
         // Its just the password string
         password = passwordCmd.toCharArray();
      }

      if( password == null )
      {
         // Load the password
         if (passwordCmdType.startsWith("EXTC") || passwordCmdType.startsWith("CMDC")) {
            long timeOut = 0;
            if (passwordCmdType.indexOf(':') > -1) {
               try {
                  String[] token = passwordCmdType.split(":");
                  timeOut = Long.parseLong(token[1]);
               } catch (Throwable e) {
                  // ignore
                  PicketBoxLogger.LOGGER.errorParsingTimeoutNumber();
               }
            }
            if (externalPasswordCache == null) {
               externalPasswordCache = ExternalPasswordCache
                     .getExternalPasswordCacheInstance();
            }
            if (externalPasswordCache.contains(passwordCmd, timeOut)) {
               password = externalPasswordCache.getPassword(passwordCmd);
            } else {
               password = switchCommandExecution(passwordCmdType, passwordCmd);
               if (password != null) {
                  externalPasswordCache.storePassword(passwordCmd, password);
               }
            }
         } else if (passwordCmdType.startsWith("EXT") || passwordCmdType.startsWith("CMD")) {
            // non-cached variant
            password = switchCommandExecution(passwordCmdType, passwordCmd);
         } else if (passwordCmdType.startsWith("CLASS")) {
            String module = null;
            if (passwordCmdType.indexOf('@') > -1) {
               module = passwordCmdType.split("@")[1];
            }
            password = invokePasswordClass(passwordCmd, module);
         } else {
            throw PicketBoxMessages.MESSAGES.invalidPasswordCommandType(passwordCmdType);
         }
      }
      return password;
   }

   private static char[] switchCommandExecution(String passwordCmdType, String passwordCmd)
         throws Exception
   {
      if (passwordCmdType.startsWith("EXT"))
         return execPasswordCmd(passwordCmd);
      else if (passwordCmdType.startsWith("CMD"))
         return execPBBasedPasswordCommand(passwordCmd);
      else
         throw PicketBoxMessages.MESSAGES.invalidPasswordCommandType(passwordCmdType);
   }

   /**
    * Execute a Runtime command to load a password.
    * @param passwordCmd
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private static char[] execPasswordCmd(String passwordCmd)
         throws Exception
   {
      PicketBoxLogger.LOGGER.traceBeginExecPasswordCmd(passwordCmd);
      String password = execCmd(passwordCmd);
      return password.toCharArray();
   }

   private static char[] invokePasswordClass(String passwordCmd, String moduleSpec)
         throws Exception
   {
      char[] password = null;

      // Check for a ctor argument delimited by ':'
      String classname = passwordCmd;
      String ctorArgs = null;
      int colon = passwordCmd.indexOf(':');
      if( colon > 0 )
      {
         classname = passwordCmd.substring(0, colon);
         ctorArgs = passwordCmd.substring(colon+1);
      }
      Class c = loadClass(classname, moduleSpec);
      Object instance = null;
      // Check for a ctor(String,...) if ctorArg is not null
      if( ctorArgs != null )
      {
         Object[] args = ctorArgs.split(",");
         Class[] sig = new Class[args.length];
         ArrayList> sigl = new ArrayList>();
         for(int n = 0; n < args.length; n ++)
            sigl.add(String.class);
         sigl.toArray(sig);
         Constructor ctor = c.getConstructor(sig);
         instance = ctor.newInstance(args);
      }
      else
      {
         // Use the default ctor
         instance = c.newInstance();
      }

      // Look for a toCharArray() method
      try
      {
         Class[] sig = {};
         Method toCharArray = c.getMethod("toCharArray", sig);
         Object[] args = {};
         password = (char[]) toCharArray.invoke(instance, args);
      }
      catch(NoSuchMethodException e)
      {
         String tmp = instance.toString();
         if( tmp != null )
            password = tmp.toCharArray();
      }
      return password;
   }

   private static Class loadClass(final String fqn, final String module) {
      try {
         Class passwdClass = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction>() {
             @Override
             public Class run() throws Exception {
                 if (fqn == null || fqn.isEmpty()) {
                     throw PicketBoxMessages.MESSAGES.loadingNullorEmptyClass();
                 } else if (module == null ) {
                     ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
                     return cl.loadClass(fqn);
                 } else {
                     ModuleLoader loader = Module.getCallerModuleLoader();
                     final Module pwdClassModule = loader.loadModule(ModuleIdentifier.fromString(module));
                     return pwdClassModule.getClassLoader().loadClass(fqn);
                 }
             }
         });
         return passwdClass;
     } catch (PrivilegedActionException e) {
         throw PicketBoxMessages.MESSAGES.unableToLoadPasswordClass(e.getCause(), fqn);
     }
   }
   
   private static String execCmd(String cmd) throws Exception
   {
      SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
      String line;
      if( sm != null )
      {
         line = RuntimeActions.PRIVILEGED.execCmd(cmd);
      }
      else
      {
         line = RuntimeActions.NON_PRIVILEGED.execCmd(cmd);
      }
      return line;
   }

   /**
    * Execute a Runtime command to load a password.
    * It uses ProcessBuilder to execute the command.
    * @param passwordCmd
    * @return the loaded password
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private static char[] execPBBasedPasswordCommand(String passwordCmd) throws Exception
   {
      PicketBoxLogger.LOGGER.traceBeginExecPasswordCmd(passwordCmd);
      SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
      String password;
      if( sm != null )
      {
         password = RuntimeActions.PB_BASED_PRIVILEGED.execCmd(passwordCmd);
      }
      else
      {
         password = RuntimeActions.PB_BASED_NON_PRIVILEGED.execCmd(passwordCmd);
      }
      return password.toCharArray();
   }


   interface RuntimeActions
   {
      RuntimeActions PRIVILEGED = new RuntimeActions()
      {
         public String execCmd(final String cmd)
               throws Exception
         {
            try
            {
               String line = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                     new PrivilegedExceptionAction()
                     {
                        public String run() throws Exception
                        {
                           return NON_PRIVILEGED.execCmd(cmd);
                        }
                     }
               );
               return line;
            }
            catch(PrivilegedActionException e)
            {
               throw e.getException();
            }
         }
      };
      RuntimeActions NON_PRIVILEGED = new RuntimeActions()
      {
         public String execCmd(final String cmd)
               throws Exception
         {
            Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
            Process p = rt.exec(cmd);
            InputStream stdin = null;
            String line;
            BufferedReader reader = null;
            try
            {
               stdin = p.getInputStream();
               reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stdin));
               line = reader.readLine();
            }
            finally
            {
               if(reader != null)
                  reader.close();
               if(stdin != null)
                  stdin.close();
            }

            int exitCode = p.waitFor();
            PicketBoxLogger.LOGGER.traceEndExecPasswordCmd(exitCode);
            return line;
         }
      };
      RuntimeActions PB_BASED_PRIVILEGED = new RuntimeActions()
      {
         public String execCmd(final String command)
               throws Exception
         {
            try
            {
               String password = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                     new PrivilegedExceptionAction()
                     {
                        public String run() throws Exception
                        {
                           return PB_BASED_NON_PRIVILEGED.execCmd(command);
                        }
                     }
               );
               return password;
            }
            catch(PrivilegedActionException e)
            {
               throw e.getException();
            }
         }
      };
      RuntimeActions PB_BASED_NON_PRIVILEGED = new RuntimeActions()
      {
         public String execCmd(final String command) throws Exception
         {
            final String[] parsedCommand = parseCommand(command);
            final ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(parsedCommand);
            final Process process = builder.start();
            final String line;
            BufferedReader reader = null;
            try
            {
               reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
               line = reader.readLine();
            }
            finally
            {
               if (reader != null)
                  reader.close();
            }

            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
            PicketBoxLogger.LOGGER.traceEndExecPasswordCmd(exitCode);
            return line;
         }

         protected String[] parseCommand(String command)
         {
            // comma can be backslashed
            final String[] parsedCommand = command.split("(?
                  || passwordCmd.startsWith("{CMD}")
                  || passwordCmd.startsWith("{CMDC")  // it has to be without closing brace to cover :




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