Lib.datetime.py Maven / Gradle / Ivy
Go to download
Show more of this group Show more artifacts with this name
Show all versions of jython Show documentation
Show all versions of jython Show documentation
Jython is an implementation of the high-level, dynamic, object-oriented
language Python written in 100% Pure Java, and seamlessly integrated with
the Java platform. It thus allows you to run Python on any Java platform.
"""Concrete date/time and related types -- prototype implemented in Python.
See http://www.zope.org/Members/fdrake/DateTimeWiki/FrontPage
See also http://dir.yahoo.com/Reference/calendars/
For a primer on DST, including many current DST rules, see
http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/
For more about DST than you ever wanted to know, see
ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/
Sources for time zone and DST data: http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm
This was originally copied from the sandbox of the CPython CVS repository.
Thanks to Tim Peters for suggesting using it.
"""
from __future__ import division
import time as _time
import math as _math
import struct as _struct
def _cmp(x, y):
return 0 if x == y else 1 if x > y else -1
def _round(x):
return int(_math.floor(x + 0.5) if x >= 0.0 else _math.ceil(x - 0.5))
MINYEAR = 1
MAXYEAR = 9999
_MINYEARFMT = 1900
# Utility functions, adapted from Python's Demo/classes/Dates.py, which
# also assumes the current Gregorian calendar indefinitely extended in
# both directions. Difference: Dates.py calls January 1 of year 0 day
# number 1. The code here calls January 1 of year 1 day number 1. This is
# to match the definition of the "proleptic Gregorian" calendar in Dershowitz
# and Reingold's "Calendrical Calculations", where it's the base calendar
# for all computations. See the book for algorithms for converting between
# proleptic Gregorian ordinals and many other calendar systems.
_DAYS_IN_MONTH = [-1, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
_DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH = [-1]
dbm = 0
for dim in _DAYS_IN_MONTH[1:]:
_DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH.append(dbm)
dbm += dim
del dbm, dim
def _is_leap(year):
"year -> 1 if leap year, else 0."
return year % 4 == 0 and (year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0)
def _days_before_year(year):
"year -> number of days before January 1st of year."
y = year - 1
return y*365 + y//4 - y//100 + y//400
def _days_in_month(year, month):
"year, month -> number of days in that month in that year."
assert 1 <= month <= 12, month
if month == 2 and _is_leap(year):
return 29
return _DAYS_IN_MONTH[month]
def _days_before_month(year, month):
"year, month -> number of days in year preceding first day of month."
assert 1 <= month <= 12, 'month must be in 1..12'
return _DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] + (month > 2 and _is_leap(year))
def _ymd2ord(year, month, day):
"year, month, day -> ordinal, considering 01-Jan-0001 as day 1."
assert 1 <= month <= 12, 'month must be in 1..12'
dim = _days_in_month(year, month)
assert 1 <= day <= dim, ('day must be in 1..%d' % dim)
return (_days_before_year(year) +
_days_before_month(year, month) +
day)
_DI400Y = _days_before_year(401) # number of days in 400 years
_DI100Y = _days_before_year(101) # " " " " 100 "
_DI4Y = _days_before_year(5) # " " " " 4 "
# A 4-year cycle has an extra leap day over what we'd get from pasting
# together 4 single years.
assert _DI4Y == 4 * 365 + 1
# Similarly, a 400-year cycle has an extra leap day over what we'd get from
# pasting together 4 100-year cycles.
assert _DI400Y == 4 * _DI100Y + 1
# OTOH, a 100-year cycle has one fewer leap day than we'd get from
# pasting together 25 4-year cycles.
assert _DI100Y == 25 * _DI4Y - 1
def _ord2ymd(n):
"ordinal -> (year, month, day), considering 01-Jan-0001 as day 1."
# n is a 1-based index, starting at 1-Jan-1. The pattern of leap years
# repeats exactly every 400 years. The basic strategy is to find the
# closest 400-year boundary at or before n, then work with the offset
# from that boundary to n. Life is much clearer if we subtract 1 from
# n first -- then the values of n at 400-year boundaries are exactly
# those divisible by _DI400Y:
#
# D M Y n n-1
# -- --- ---- ---------- ----------------
# 31 Dec -400 -_DI400Y -_DI400Y -1
# 1 Jan -399 -_DI400Y +1 -_DI400Y 400-year boundary
# ...
# 30 Dec 000 -1 -2
# 31 Dec 000 0 -1
# 1 Jan 001 1 0 400-year boundary
# 2 Jan 001 2 1
# 3 Jan 001 3 2
# ...
# 31 Dec 400 _DI400Y _DI400Y -1
# 1 Jan 401 _DI400Y +1 _DI400Y 400-year boundary
n -= 1
n400, n = divmod(n, _DI400Y)
year = n400 * 400 + 1 # ..., -399, 1, 401, ...
# Now n is the (non-negative) offset, in days, from January 1 of year, to
# the desired date. Now compute how many 100-year cycles precede n.
# Note that it's possible for n100 to equal 4! In that case 4 full
# 100-year cycles precede the desired day, which implies the desired
# day is December 31 at the end of a 400-year cycle.
n100, n = divmod(n, _DI100Y)
# Now compute how many 4-year cycles precede it.
n4, n = divmod(n, _DI4Y)
# And now how many single years. Again n1 can be 4, and again meaning
# that the desired day is December 31 at the end of the 4-year cycle.
n1, n = divmod(n, 365)
year += n100 * 100 + n4 * 4 + n1
if n1 == 4 or n100 == 4:
assert n == 0
return year-1, 12, 31
# Now the year is correct, and n is the offset from January 1. We find
# the month via an estimate that's either exact or one too large.
leapyear = n1 == 3 and (n4 != 24 or n100 == 3)
assert leapyear == _is_leap(year)
month = (n + 50) >> 5
preceding = _DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] + (month > 2 and leapyear)
if preceding > n: # estimate is too large
month -= 1
preceding -= _DAYS_IN_MONTH[month] + (month == 2 and leapyear)
n -= preceding
assert 0 <= n < _days_in_month(year, month)
# Now the year and month are correct, and n is the offset from the
# start of that month: we're done!
return year, month, n+1
# Month and day names. For localized versions, see the calendar module.
_MONTHNAMES = [None, "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
"Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"]
_DAYNAMES = [None, "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"]
def _build_struct_time(y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, dstflag):
wday = (_ymd2ord(y, m, d) + 6) % 7
dnum = _days_before_month(y, m) + d
return _time.struct_time((y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, wday, dnum, dstflag))
def _format_time(hh, mm, ss, us):
# Skip trailing microseconds when us==0.
result = "%02d:%02d:%02d" % (hh, mm, ss)
if us:
result += ".%06d" % us
return result
# Correctly substitute for %z and %Z escapes in strftime formats.
def _wrap_strftime(object, format, timetuple):
year = timetuple[0]
if year < _MINYEARFMT:
raise ValueError("year=%d is before %d; the datetime strftime() "
"methods require year >= %d" %
(year, _MINYEARFMT, _MINYEARFMT))
# Don't call utcoffset() or tzname() unless actually needed.
freplace = None # the string to use for %f
zreplace = None # the string to use for %z
Zreplace = None # the string to use for %Z
# Scan format for %z and %Z escapes, replacing as needed.
newformat = []
push = newformat.append
i, n = 0, len(format)
while i < n:
ch = format[i]
i += 1
if ch == '%':
if i < n:
ch = format[i]
i += 1
if ch == 'f':
if freplace is None:
freplace = '%06d' % getattr(object,
'microsecond', 0)
newformat.append(freplace)
elif ch == 'z':
if zreplace is None:
zreplace = ""
if hasattr(object, "_utcoffset"):
offset = object._utcoffset()
if offset is not None:
sign = '+'
if offset < 0:
offset = -offset
sign = '-'
h, m = divmod(offset, 60)
zreplace = '%c%02d%02d' % (sign, h, m)
assert '%' not in zreplace
newformat.append(zreplace)
elif ch == 'Z':
if Zreplace is None:
Zreplace = ""
if hasattr(object, "tzname"):
s = object.tzname()
if s is not None:
# strftime is going to have at this: escape %
Zreplace = s.replace('%', '%%')
newformat.append(Zreplace)
else:
push('%')
push(ch)
else:
push('%')
else:
push(ch)
newformat = "".join(newformat)
return _time.strftime(newformat, timetuple)
# Just raise TypeError if the arg isn't None or a string.
def _check_tzname(name):
if name is not None and not isinstance(name, str):
raise TypeError("tzinfo.tzname() must return None or string, "
"not '%s'" % type(name))
# name is the offset-producing method, "utcoffset" or "dst".
# offset is what it returned.
# If offset isn't None or timedelta, raises TypeError.
# If offset is None, returns None.
# Else offset is checked for being in range, and a whole # of minutes.
# If it is, its integer value is returned. Else ValueError is raised.
def _check_utc_offset(name, offset):
assert name in ("utcoffset", "dst")
if offset is None:
return
if not isinstance(offset, timedelta):
raise TypeError("tzinfo.%s() must return None "
"or timedelta, not '%s'" % (name, type(offset)))
days = offset.days
if days < -1 or days > 0:
offset = 1440 # trigger out-of-range
else:
seconds = days * 86400 + offset.seconds
minutes, seconds = divmod(seconds, 60)
if seconds or offset.microseconds:
raise ValueError("tzinfo.%s() must return a whole number "
"of minutes" % name)
offset = minutes
if not -1440 < offset < 1440:
raise ValueError("%s()=%d, must be in -1439..1439" % (name, offset))
return offset
def _check_int_field(value):
if isinstance(value, int):
return value
if not isinstance(value, float):
try:
value = value.__int__()
except AttributeError:
pass
else:
if isinstance(value, (int, long)):
return value
raise TypeError('__int__ method should return an integer')
raise TypeError('an integer is required')
raise TypeError('integer argument expected, got float')
def _check_date_fields(year, month, day):
year = _check_int_field(year)
month = _check_int_field(month)
day = _check_int_field(day)
if not MINYEAR <= year <= MAXYEAR:
raise ValueError('year must be in %d..%d' % (MINYEAR, MAXYEAR), year)
if not 1 <= month <= 12:
raise ValueError('month must be in 1..12', month)
dim = _days_in_month(year, month)
if not 1 <= day <= dim:
raise ValueError('day must be in 1..%d' % dim, day)
return year, month, day
def _check_time_fields(hour, minute, second, microsecond):
hour = _check_int_field(hour)
minute = _check_int_field(minute)
second = _check_int_field(second)
microsecond = _check_int_field(microsecond)
if not 0 <= hour <= 23:
raise ValueError('hour must be in 0..23', hour)
if not 0 <= minute <= 59:
raise ValueError('minute must be in 0..59', minute)
if not 0 <= second <= 59:
raise ValueError('second must be in 0..59', second)
if not 0 <= microsecond <= 999999:
raise ValueError('microsecond must be in 0..999999', microsecond)
return hour, minute, second, microsecond
def _check_tzinfo_arg(tz):
if tz is not None and not isinstance(tz, tzinfo):
raise TypeError("tzinfo argument must be None or of a tzinfo subclass")
# Notes on comparison: In general, datetime module comparison operators raise
# TypeError when they don't know how to do a comparison themself. If they
# returned NotImplemented instead, comparison could (silently) fall back to
# the default compare-objects-by-comparing-their-memory-addresses strategy,
# and that's not helpful. There are two exceptions:
#
# 1. For date and datetime, if the other object has a "timetuple" attr,
# NotImplemented is returned. This is a hook to allow other kinds of
# datetime-like objects a chance to intercept the comparison.
#
# 2. Else __eq__ and __ne__ return False and True, respectively. This is
# so opertaions like
#
# x == y
# x != y
# x in sequence
# x not in sequence
# dict[x] = y
#
# don't raise annoying TypeErrors just because a datetime object
# is part of a heterogeneous collection. If there's no known way to
# compare X to a datetime, saying they're not equal is reasonable.
def _cmperror(x, y):
raise TypeError("can't compare '%s' to '%s'" % (
type(x).__name__, type(y).__name__))
# This is a start at a struct tm workalike. Goals:
#
# + Works the same way across platforms.
# + Handles all the fields datetime needs handled, without 1970-2038 glitches.
#
# Note: I suspect it's best if this flavor of tm does *not* try to
# second-guess timezones or DST. Instead fold whatever adjustments you want
# into the minutes argument (and the constructor will normalize).
class _tmxxx:
ordinal = None
def __init__(self, year, month, day, hour=0, minute=0, second=0,
microsecond=0):
# Normalize all the inputs, and store the normalized values.
if not 0 <= microsecond <= 999999:
carry, microsecond = divmod(microsecond, 1000000)
second += carry
if not 0 <= second <= 59:
carry, second = divmod(second, 60)
minute += carry
if not 0 <= minute <= 59:
carry, minute = divmod(minute, 60)
hour += carry
if not 0 <= hour <= 23:
carry, hour = divmod(hour, 24)
day += carry
# That was easy. Now it gets muddy: the proper range for day
# can't be determined without knowing the correct month and year,
# but if day is, e.g., plus or minus a million, the current month
# and year values make no sense (and may also be out of bounds
# themselves).
# Saying 12 months == 1 year should be non-controversial.
if not 1 <= month <= 12:
carry, month = divmod(month-1, 12)
year += carry
month += 1
assert 1 <= month <= 12
# Now only day can be out of bounds (year may also be out of bounds
# for a datetime object, but we don't care about that here).
# If day is out of bounds, what to do is arguable, but at least the
# method here is principled and explainable.
dim = _days_in_month(year, month)
if not 1 <= day <= dim:
# Move day-1 days from the first of the month. First try to
# get off cheap if we're only one day out of range (adjustments
# for timezone alone can't be worse than that).
if day == 0: # move back a day
month -= 1
if month > 0:
day = _days_in_month(year, month)
else:
year, month, day = year-1, 12, 31
elif day == dim + 1: # move forward a day
month += 1
day = 1
if month > 12:
month = 1
year += 1
else:
self.ordinal = _ymd2ord(year, month, 1) + (day - 1)
year, month, day = _ord2ymd(self.ordinal)
self.year, self.month, self.day = year, month, day
self.hour, self.minute, self.second = hour, minute, second
self.microsecond = microsecond
class timedelta(object):
"""Represent the difference between two datetime objects.
Supported operators:
- add, subtract timedelta
- unary plus, minus, abs
- compare to timedelta
- multiply, divide by int/long
In addition, datetime supports subtraction of two datetime objects
returning a timedelta, and addition or subtraction of a datetime
and a timedelta giving a datetime.
Representation: (days, seconds, microseconds). Why? Because I
felt like it.
"""
__slots__ = '_days', '_seconds', '_microseconds', '_hashcode'
def __new__(cls, days=0, seconds=0, microseconds=0,
milliseconds=0, minutes=0, hours=0, weeks=0):
# Doing this efficiently and accurately in C is going to be difficult
# and error-prone, due to ubiquitous overflow possibilities, and that
# C double doesn't have enough bits of precision to represent
# microseconds over 10K years faithfully. The code here tries to make
# explicit where go-fast assumptions can be relied on, in order to
# guide the C implementation; it's way more convoluted than speed-
# ignoring auto-overflow-to-long idiomatic Python could be.
# XXX Check that all inputs are ints, longs or floats.
# Final values, all integer.
# s and us fit in 32-bit signed ints; d isn't bounded.
d = s = us = 0
# Normalize everything to days, seconds, microseconds.
days += weeks*7
seconds += minutes*60 + hours*3600
microseconds += milliseconds*1000
# Get rid of all fractions, and normalize s and us.
# Take a deep breath .
if isinstance(days, float):
dayfrac, days = _math.modf(days)
daysecondsfrac, daysecondswhole = _math.modf(dayfrac * (24.*3600.))
assert daysecondswhole == int(daysecondswhole) # can't overflow
s = int(daysecondswhole)
assert days == int(days)
d = int(days)
else:
daysecondsfrac = 0.0
d = days
assert isinstance(daysecondsfrac, float)
assert abs(daysecondsfrac) <= 1.0
assert isinstance(d, (int, long))
assert abs(s) <= 24 * 3600
# days isn't referenced again before redefinition
if isinstance(seconds, float):
secondsfrac, seconds = _math.modf(seconds)
assert seconds == int(seconds)
seconds = int(seconds)
secondsfrac += daysecondsfrac
assert abs(secondsfrac) <= 2.0
else:
secondsfrac = daysecondsfrac
# daysecondsfrac isn't referenced again
assert isinstance(secondsfrac, float)
assert abs(secondsfrac) <= 2.0
assert isinstance(seconds, (int, long))
days, seconds = divmod(seconds, 24*3600)
d += days
s += int(seconds) # can't overflow
assert isinstance(s, int)
assert abs(s) <= 2 * 24 * 3600
# seconds isn't referenced again before redefinition
usdouble = secondsfrac * 1e6
assert abs(usdouble) < 2.1e6 # exact value not critical
# secondsfrac isn't referenced again
if isinstance(microseconds, float):
microseconds = _round(microseconds + usdouble)
seconds, microseconds = divmod(microseconds, 1000000)
days, seconds = divmod(seconds, 24*3600)
d += days
s += int(seconds)
microseconds = int(microseconds)
else:
microseconds = int(microseconds)
seconds, microseconds = divmod(microseconds, 1000000)
days, seconds = divmod(seconds, 24*3600)
d += days
s += int(seconds)
microseconds = _round(microseconds + usdouble)
assert isinstance(s, int)
assert isinstance(microseconds, int)
assert abs(s) <= 3 * 24 * 3600
assert abs(microseconds) < 3.1e6
# Just a little bit of carrying possible for microseconds and seconds.
seconds, us = divmod(microseconds, 1000000)
s += seconds
days, s = divmod(s, 24*3600)
d += days
assert isinstance(d, (int, long))
assert isinstance(s, int) and 0 <= s < 24*3600
assert isinstance(us, int) and 0 <= us < 1000000
if abs(d) > 999999999:
raise OverflowError("timedelta # of days is too large: %d" % d)
self = object.__new__(cls)
self._days = d
self._seconds = s
self._microseconds = us
self._hashcode = -1
return self
def __repr__(self):
if self._microseconds:
return "%s(%d, %d, %d)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__,
self._days,
self._seconds,
self._microseconds)
if self._seconds:
return "%s(%d, %d)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__,
self._days,
self._seconds)
return "%s(%d)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__, self._days)
def __str__(self):
mm, ss = divmod(self._seconds, 60)
hh, mm = divmod(mm, 60)
s = "%d:%02d:%02d" % (hh, mm, ss)
if self._days:
def plural(n):
return n, abs(n) != 1 and "s" or ""
s = ("%d day%s, " % plural(self._days)) + s
if self._microseconds:
s = s + ".%06d" % self._microseconds
return s
def total_seconds(self):
"""Total seconds in the duration."""
return ((self.days * 86400 + self.seconds) * 10**6 +
self.microseconds) / 10**6
# Read-only field accessors
@property
def days(self):
"""days"""
return self._days
@property
def seconds(self):
"""seconds"""
return self._seconds
@property
def microseconds(self):
"""microseconds"""
return self._microseconds
def __add__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
# for CPython compatibility, we cannot use
# our __class__ here, but need a real timedelta
return timedelta(self._days + other._days,
self._seconds + other._seconds,
self._microseconds + other._microseconds)
return NotImplemented
__radd__ = __add__
def __sub__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
# for CPython compatibility, we cannot use
# our __class__ here, but need a real timedelta
return timedelta(self._days - other._days,
self._seconds - other._seconds,
self._microseconds - other._microseconds)
return NotImplemented
def __rsub__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return -self + other
return NotImplemented
def __neg__(self):
# for CPython compatibility, we cannot use
# our __class__ here, but need a real timedelta
return timedelta(-self._days,
-self._seconds,
-self._microseconds)
def __pos__(self):
return self
def __abs__(self):
if self._days < 0:
return -self
else:
return self
def __mul__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, (int, long)):
# for CPython compatibility, we cannot use
# our __class__ here, but need a real timedelta
return timedelta(self._days * other,
self._seconds * other,
self._microseconds * other)
return NotImplemented
__rmul__ = __mul__
def _to_microseconds(self):
return ((self._days * (24*3600) + self._seconds) * 1000000 +
self._microseconds)
def __div__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, (int, long)):
return NotImplemented
usec = self._to_microseconds()
return timedelta(0, 0, usec // other)
__floordiv__ = __div__
# Comparisons of timedelta objects with other.
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) == 0
else:
return False
def __ne__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) != 0
else:
return True
def __le__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) <= 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __lt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) < 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) >= 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self._cmp(other) > 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def _cmp(self, other):
assert isinstance(other, timedelta)
return _cmp(self._getstate(), other._getstate())
def __hash__(self):
if self._hashcode == -1:
self._hashcode = hash(self._getstate())
return self._hashcode
def __nonzero__(self):
return (self._days != 0 or
self._seconds != 0 or
self._microseconds != 0)
# Pickle support.
def _getstate(self):
return (self._days, self._seconds, self._microseconds)
def __reduce__(self):
return (self.__class__, self._getstate())
timedelta.min = timedelta(-999999999)
timedelta.max = timedelta(days=999999999, hours=23, minutes=59, seconds=59,
microseconds=999999)
timedelta.resolution = timedelta(microseconds=1)
class date(object):
"""Concrete date type.
Constructors:
__new__()
fromtimestamp()
today()
fromordinal()
Operators:
__repr__, __str__
__cmp__, __hash__
__add__, __radd__, __sub__ (add/radd only with timedelta arg)
Methods:
timetuple()
toordinal()
weekday()
isoweekday(), isocalendar(), isoformat()
ctime()
strftime()
Properties (readonly):
year, month, day
"""
__slots__ = '_year', '_month', '_day', '_hashcode'
def __new__(cls, year, month=None, day=None):
"""Constructor.
Arguments:
year, month, day (required, base 1)
"""
if month is None and isinstance(year, bytes) and len(year) == 4 and \
1 <= ord(year[2]) <= 12:
# Pickle support
self = object.__new__(cls)
self.__setstate(year)
self._hashcode = -1
return self
year, month, day = _check_date_fields(year, month, day)
self = object.__new__(cls)
self._year = year
self._month = month
self._day = day
self._hashcode = -1
return self
# Additional constructors
@classmethod
def fromtimestamp(cls, t):
"Construct a date from a POSIX timestamp (like time.time())."
y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, weekday, jday, dst = _time.localtime(t)
return cls(y, m, d)
@classmethod
def today(cls):
"Construct a date from time.time()."
t = _time.time()
return cls.fromtimestamp(t)
@classmethod
def fromordinal(cls, n):
"""Contruct a date from a proleptic Gregorian ordinal.
January 1 of year 1 is day 1. Only the year, month and day are
non-zero in the result.
"""
y, m, d = _ord2ymd(n)
return cls(y, m, d)
# Conversions to string
def __repr__(self):
"""Convert to formal string, for repr().
>>> dt = datetime(2010, 1, 1)
>>> repr(dt)
'datetime.datetime(2010, 1, 1, 0, 0)'
>>> dt = datetime(2010, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
>>> repr(dt)
'datetime.datetime(2010, 1, 1, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)'
"""
return "%s(%d, %d, %d)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__,
self._year,
self._month,
self._day)
# XXX These shouldn't depend on time.localtime(), because that
# clips the usable dates to [1970 .. 2038). At least ctime() is
# easily done without using strftime() -- that's better too because
# strftime("%c", ...) is locale specific.
def ctime(self):
"Return ctime() style string."
weekday = self.toordinal() % 7 or 7
return "%s %s %2d 00:00:00 %04d" % (
_DAYNAMES[weekday],
_MONTHNAMES[self._month],
self._day, self._year)
def strftime(self, fmt):
"Format using strftime()."
return _wrap_strftime(self, fmt, self.timetuple())
def __format__(self, fmt):
if not isinstance(fmt, (str, unicode)):
raise ValueError("__format__ expects str or unicode, not %s" %
fmt.__class__.__name__)
if len(fmt) != 0:
return self.strftime(fmt)
return str(self)
def isoformat(self):
"""Return the date formatted according to ISO.
This is 'YYYY-MM-DD'.
References:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime
- http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html
"""
return "%04d-%02d-%02d" % (self._year, self._month, self._day)
__str__ = isoformat
# Read-only field accessors
@property
def year(self):
"""year (1-9999)"""
return self._year
@property
def month(self):
"""month (1-12)"""
return self._month
@property
def day(self):
"""day (1-31)"""
return self._day
# Standard conversions, __cmp__, __hash__ (and helpers)
def timetuple(self):
"Return local time tuple compatible with time.localtime()."
return _build_struct_time(self._year, self._month, self._day,
0, 0, 0, -1)
def toordinal(self):
"""Return proleptic Gregorian ordinal for the year, month and day.
January 1 of year 1 is day 1. Only the year, month and day values
contribute to the result.
"""
return _ymd2ord(self._year, self._month, self._day)
def replace(self, year=None, month=None, day=None):
"""Return a new date with new values for the specified fields."""
if year is None:
year = self._year
if month is None:
month = self._month
if day is None:
day = self._day
return date(year, month, day)
# Comparisons of date objects with other.
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) == 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
return False
def __ne__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) != 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
return True
def __le__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) <= 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __lt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) < 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) >= 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, date):
return self._cmp(other) > 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple"):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def _cmp(self, other):
assert isinstance(other, date)
y, m, d = self._year, self._month, self._day
y2, m2, d2 = other._year, other._month, other._day
return _cmp((y, m, d), (y2, m2, d2))
def __hash__(self):
"Hash."
if self._hashcode == -1:
self._hashcode = hash(self._getstate())
return self._hashcode
# Computations
def _checkOverflow(self, year):
if not MINYEAR <= year <= MAXYEAR:
raise OverflowError("date +/-: result year %d not in %d..%d" %
(year, MINYEAR, MAXYEAR))
def __add__(self, other):
"Add a date to a timedelta."
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
t = _tmxxx(self._year,
self._month,
self._day + other.days)
self._checkOverflow(t.year)
result = date(t.year, t.month, t.day)
return result
return NotImplemented
__radd__ = __add__
def __sub__(self, other):
"""Subtract two dates, or a date and a timedelta."""
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self + timedelta(-other.days)
if isinstance(other, date):
days1 = self.toordinal()
days2 = other.toordinal()
return timedelta(days1 - days2)
return NotImplemented
def weekday(self):
"Return day of the week, where Monday == 0 ... Sunday == 6."
return (self.toordinal() + 6) % 7
# Day-of-the-week and week-of-the-year, according to ISO
def isoweekday(self):
"Return day of the week, where Monday == 1 ... Sunday == 7."
# 1-Jan-0001 is a Monday
return self.toordinal() % 7 or 7
def isocalendar(self):
"""Return a 3-tuple containing ISO year, week number, and weekday.
The first ISO week of the year is the (Mon-Sun) week
containing the year's first Thursday; everything else derives
from that.
The first week is 1; Monday is 1 ... Sunday is 7.
ISO calendar algorithm taken from
http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/calendar/isocalendar.htm
"""
year = self._year
week1monday = _isoweek1monday(year)
today = _ymd2ord(self._year, self._month, self._day)
# Internally, week and day have origin 0
week, day = divmod(today - week1monday, 7)
if week < 0:
year -= 1
week1monday = _isoweek1monday(year)
week, day = divmod(today - week1monday, 7)
elif week >= 52:
if today >= _isoweek1monday(year+1):
year += 1
week = 0
return year, week+1, day+1
# Pickle support.
def _getstate(self):
yhi, ylo = divmod(self._year, 256)
return (_struct.pack('4B', yhi, ylo, self._month, self._day),)
def __setstate(self, string):
yhi, ylo, self._month, self._day = (ord(string[0]), ord(string[1]),
ord(string[2]), ord(string[3]))
self._year = yhi * 256 + ylo
def __reduce__(self):
return (self.__class__, self._getstate())
_date_class = date # so functions w/ args named "date" can get at the class
date.min = date(1, 1, 1)
date.max = date(9999, 12, 31)
date.resolution = timedelta(days=1)
class tzinfo(object):
"""Abstract base class for time zone info classes.
Subclasses must override the name(), utcoffset() and dst() methods.
"""
__slots__ = ()
def tzname(self, dt):
"datetime -> string name of time zone."
raise NotImplementedError("tzinfo subclass must override tzname()")
def utcoffset(self, dt):
"datetime -> minutes east of UTC (negative for west of UTC)"
raise NotImplementedError("tzinfo subclass must override utcoffset()")
def dst(self, dt):
"""datetime -> DST offset in minutes east of UTC.
Return 0 if DST not in effect. utcoffset() must include the DST
offset.
"""
raise NotImplementedError("tzinfo subclass must override dst()")
def fromutc(self, dt):
"datetime in UTC -> datetime in local time."
if not isinstance(dt, datetime):
raise TypeError("fromutc() requires a datetime argument")
if dt.tzinfo is not self:
raise ValueError("dt.tzinfo is not self")
dtoff = dt.utcoffset()
if dtoff is None:
raise ValueError("fromutc() requires a non-None utcoffset() "
"result")
# See the long comment block at the end of this file for an
# explanation of this algorithm.
dtdst = dt.dst()
if dtdst is None:
raise ValueError("fromutc() requires a non-None dst() result")
delta = dtoff - dtdst
if delta:
dt += delta
dtdst = dt.dst()
if dtdst is None:
raise ValueError("fromutc(): dt.dst gave inconsistent "
"results; cannot convert")
if dtdst:
return dt + dtdst
else:
return dt
# Pickle support.
def __reduce__(self):
getinitargs = getattr(self, "__getinitargs__", None)
if getinitargs:
args = getinitargs()
else:
args = ()
getstate = getattr(self, "__getstate__", None)
if getstate:
state = getstate()
else:
state = getattr(self, "__dict__", None) or None
if state is None:
return (self.__class__, args)
else:
return (self.__class__, args, state)
_tzinfo_class = tzinfo
class time(object):
"""Time with time zone.
Constructors:
__new__()
Operators:
__repr__, __str__
__cmp__, __hash__
Methods:
strftime()
isoformat()
utcoffset()
tzname()
dst()
Properties (readonly):
hour, minute, second, microsecond, tzinfo
"""
__slots__ = '_hour', '_minute', '_second', '_microsecond', '_tzinfo', '_hashcode'
def __new__(cls, hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0, tzinfo=None):
"""Constructor.
Arguments:
hour, minute (required)
second, microsecond (default to zero)
tzinfo (default to None)
"""
if isinstance(hour, bytes) and len(hour) == 6 and ord(hour[0]) < 24:
# Pickle support
self = object.__new__(cls)
self.__setstate(hour, minute or None)
self._hashcode = -1
return self
hour, minute, second, microsecond = _check_time_fields(
hour, minute, second, microsecond)
_check_tzinfo_arg(tzinfo)
self = object.__new__(cls)
self._hour = hour
self._minute = minute
self._second = second
self._microsecond = microsecond
self._tzinfo = tzinfo
self._hashcode = -1
return self
# Read-only field accessors
@property
def hour(self):
"""hour (0-23)"""
return self._hour
@property
def minute(self):
"""minute (0-59)"""
return self._minute
@property
def second(self):
"""second (0-59)"""
return self._second
@property
def microsecond(self):
"""microsecond (0-999999)"""
return self._microsecond
@property
def tzinfo(self):
"""timezone info object"""
return self._tzinfo
# Standard conversions, __hash__ (and helpers)
# Comparisons of time objects with other.
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) == 0
else:
return False
def __ne__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) != 0
else:
return True
def __le__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) <= 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __lt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) < 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) >= 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, time):
return self._cmp(other) > 0
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def _cmp(self, other):
assert isinstance(other, time)
mytz = self._tzinfo
ottz = other._tzinfo
myoff = otoff = None
if mytz is ottz:
base_compare = True
else:
myoff = self._utcoffset()
otoff = other._utcoffset()
base_compare = myoff == otoff
if base_compare:
return _cmp((self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
self._microsecond),
(other._hour, other._minute, other._second,
other._microsecond))
if myoff is None or otoff is None:
raise TypeError("can't compare offset-naive and offset-aware times")
myhhmm = self._hour * 60 + self._minute - myoff
othhmm = other._hour * 60 + other._minute - otoff
return _cmp((myhhmm, self._second, self._microsecond),
(othhmm, other._second, other._microsecond))
def __hash__(self):
"""Hash."""
if self._hashcode == -1:
tzoff = self._utcoffset()
if not tzoff: # zero or None
self._hashcode = hash(self._getstate()[0])
else:
h, m = divmod(self.hour * 60 + self.minute - tzoff, 60)
if 0 <= h < 24:
self._hashcode = hash(time(h, m, self.second, self.microsecond))
else:
self._hashcode = hash((h, m, self.second, self.microsecond))
return self._hashcode
# Conversion to string
def _tzstr(self, sep=":"):
"""Return formatted timezone offset (+xx:xx) or None."""
off = self._utcoffset()
if off is not None:
if off < 0:
sign = "-"
off = -off
else:
sign = "+"
hh, mm = divmod(off, 60)
assert 0 <= hh < 24
off = "%s%02d%s%02d" % (sign, hh, sep, mm)
return off
def __repr__(self):
"""Convert to formal string, for repr()."""
if self._microsecond != 0:
s = ", %d, %d" % (self._second, self._microsecond)
elif self._second != 0:
s = ", %d" % self._second
else:
s = ""
s= "%s(%d, %d%s)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__,
self._hour, self._minute, s)
if self._tzinfo is not None:
assert s[-1:] == ")"
s = s[:-1] + ", tzinfo=%r" % self._tzinfo + ")"
return s
def isoformat(self):
"""Return the time formatted according to ISO.
This is 'HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm+zz:zz', or 'HH:MM:SS+zz:zz' if
self.microsecond == 0.
"""
s = _format_time(self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
self._microsecond)
tz = self._tzstr()
if tz:
s += tz
return s
__str__ = isoformat
def strftime(self, fmt):
"""Format using strftime(). The date part of the timestamp passed
to underlying strftime should not be used.
"""
# The year must be >= _MINYEARFMT else Python's strftime implementation
# can raise a bogus exception.
timetuple = (1900, 1, 1,
self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
0, 1, -1)
return _wrap_strftime(self, fmt, timetuple)
def __format__(self, fmt):
if not isinstance(fmt, (str, unicode)):
raise ValueError("__format__ expects str or unicode, not %s" %
fmt.__class__.__name__)
if len(fmt) != 0:
return self.strftime(fmt)
return str(self)
# Timezone functions
def utcoffset(self):
"""Return the timezone offset in minutes east of UTC (negative west of
UTC)."""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.utcoffset(None)
offset = _check_utc_offset("utcoffset", offset)
if offset is not None:
offset = timedelta(minutes=offset)
return offset
# Return an integer (or None) instead of a timedelta (or None).
def _utcoffset(self):
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.utcoffset(None)
offset = _check_utc_offset("utcoffset", offset)
return offset
def tzname(self):
"""Return the timezone name.
Note that the name is 100% informational -- there's no requirement that
it mean anything in particular. For example, "GMT", "UTC", "-500",
"-5:00", "EDT", "US/Eastern", "America/New York" are all valid replies.
"""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
name = self._tzinfo.tzname(None)
_check_tzname(name)
return name
def dst(self):
"""Return 0 if DST is not in effect, or the DST offset (in minutes
eastward) if DST is in effect.
This is purely informational; the DST offset has already been added to
the UTC offset returned by utcoffset() if applicable, so there's no
need to consult dst() unless you're interested in displaying the DST
info.
"""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.dst(None)
offset = _check_utc_offset("dst", offset)
if offset is not None:
offset = timedelta(minutes=offset)
return offset
# Return an integer (or None) instead of a timedelta (or None).
def _dst(self):
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.dst(None)
offset = _check_utc_offset("dst", offset)
return offset
def replace(self, hour=None, minute=None, second=None, microsecond=None,
tzinfo=True):
"""Return a new time with new values for the specified fields."""
if hour is None:
hour = self.hour
if minute is None:
minute = self.minute
if second is None:
second = self.second
if microsecond is None:
microsecond = self.microsecond
if tzinfo is True:
tzinfo = self.tzinfo
return time(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tzinfo)
def __nonzero__(self):
if self.second or self.microsecond:
return True
offset = self._utcoffset() or 0
return self.hour * 60 + self.minute != offset
# Pickle support.
def _getstate(self):
us2, us3 = divmod(self._microsecond, 256)
us1, us2 = divmod(us2, 256)
basestate = _struct.pack('6B', self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
us1, us2, us3)
if self._tzinfo is None:
return (basestate,)
else:
return (basestate, self._tzinfo)
def __setstate(self, string, tzinfo):
if tzinfo is not None and not isinstance(tzinfo, _tzinfo_class):
raise TypeError("bad tzinfo state arg")
self._hour, self._minute, self._second, us1, us2, us3 = (
ord(string[0]), ord(string[1]), ord(string[2]),
ord(string[3]), ord(string[4]), ord(string[5]))
self._microsecond = (((us1 << 8) | us2) << 8) | us3
self._tzinfo = tzinfo
def __reduce__(self):
return (time, self._getstate())
_time_class = time # so functions w/ args named "time" can get at the class
time.min = time(0, 0, 0)
time.max = time(23, 59, 59, 999999)
time.resolution = timedelta(microseconds=1)
class datetime(date):
"""datetime(year, month, day[, hour[, minute[, second[, microsecond[,tzinfo]]]]])
The year, month and day arguments are required. tzinfo may be None, or an
instance of a tzinfo subclass. The remaining arguments may be ints or longs.
"""
__slots__ = date.__slots__ + time.__slots__
def __new__(cls, year, month=None, day=None, hour=0, minute=0, second=0,
microsecond=0, tzinfo=None):
if isinstance(year, bytes) and len(year) == 10 and \
1 <= ord(year[2]) <= 12:
# Pickle support
self = object.__new__(cls)
self.__setstate(year, month)
self._hashcode = -1
return self
year, month, day = _check_date_fields(year, month, day)
hour, minute, second, microsecond = _check_time_fields(
hour, minute, second, microsecond)
_check_tzinfo_arg(tzinfo)
self = object.__new__(cls)
self._year = year
self._month = month
self._day = day
self._hour = hour
self._minute = minute
self._second = second
self._microsecond = microsecond
self._tzinfo = tzinfo
self._hashcode = -1
return self
# Read-only field accessors
@property
def hour(self):
"""hour (0-23)"""
return self._hour
@property
def minute(self):
"""minute (0-59)"""
return self._minute
@property
def second(self):
"""second (0-59)"""
return self._second
@property
def microsecond(self):
"""microsecond (0-999999)"""
return self._microsecond
@property
def tzinfo(self):
"""timezone info object"""
return self._tzinfo
@classmethod
def fromtimestamp(cls, t, tz=None):
"""Construct a datetime from a POSIX timestamp (like time.time()).
A timezone info object may be passed in as well.
"""
_check_tzinfo_arg(tz)
converter = _time.localtime if tz is None else _time.gmtime
t, frac = divmod(t, 1.0)
us = _round(frac * 1e6)
# If timestamp is less than one microsecond smaller than a
# full second, us can be rounded up to 1000000. In this case,
# roll over to seconds, otherwise, ValueError is raised
# by the constructor.
if us == 1000000:
t += 1
us = 0
y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, weekday, jday, dst = converter(t)
ss = min(ss, 59) # clamp out leap seconds if the platform has them
result = cls(y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, us, tz)
if tz is not None:
result = tz.fromutc(result)
return result
@classmethod
def utcfromtimestamp(cls, t):
"Construct a UTC datetime from a POSIX timestamp (like time.time())."
t, frac = divmod(t, 1.0)
us = _round(frac * 1e6)
# If timestamp is less than one microsecond smaller than a
# full second, us can be rounded up to 1000000. In this case,
# roll over to seconds, otherwise, ValueError is raised
# by the constructor.
if us == 1000000:
t += 1
us = 0
y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, weekday, jday, dst = _time.gmtime(t)
ss = min(ss, 59) # clamp out leap seconds if the platform has them
return cls(y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, us)
@classmethod
def now(cls, tz=None):
"Construct a datetime from time.time() and optional time zone info."
t = _time.time()
return cls.fromtimestamp(t, tz)
@classmethod
def utcnow(cls):
"Construct a UTC datetime from time.time()."
t = _time.time()
return cls.utcfromtimestamp(t)
@classmethod
def combine(cls, date, time):
"Construct a datetime from a given date and a given time."
if not isinstance(date, _date_class):
raise TypeError("date argument must be a date instance")
if not isinstance(time, _time_class):
raise TypeError("time argument must be a time instance")
return cls(date.year, date.month, date.day,
time.hour, time.minute, time.second, time.microsecond,
time.tzinfo)
def timetuple(self):
"Return local time tuple compatible with time.localtime()."
dst = self._dst()
if dst is None:
dst = -1
elif dst:
dst = 1
return _build_struct_time(self.year, self.month, self.day,
self.hour, self.minute, self.second,
dst)
def utctimetuple(self):
"Return UTC time tuple compatible with time.gmtime()."
y, m, d = self.year, self.month, self.day
hh, mm, ss = self.hour, self.minute, self.second
offset = self._utcoffset()
if offset: # neither None nor 0
tm = _tmxxx(y, m, d, hh, mm - offset)
y, m, d = tm.year, tm.month, tm.day
hh, mm = tm.hour, tm.minute
return _build_struct_time(y, m, d, hh, mm, ss, 0)
def date(self):
"Return the date part."
return date(self._year, self._month, self._day)
def time(self):
"Return the time part, with tzinfo None."
return time(self.hour, self.minute, self.second, self.microsecond)
def timetz(self):
"Return the time part, with same tzinfo."
return time(self.hour, self.minute, self.second, self.microsecond,
self._tzinfo)
def replace(self, year=None, month=None, day=None, hour=None,
minute=None, second=None, microsecond=None, tzinfo=True):
"""Return a new datetime with new values for the specified fields."""
if year is None:
year = self.year
if month is None:
month = self.month
if day is None:
day = self.day
if hour is None:
hour = self.hour
if minute is None:
minute = self.minute
if second is None:
second = self.second
if microsecond is None:
microsecond = self.microsecond
if tzinfo is True:
tzinfo = self.tzinfo
return datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond,
tzinfo)
def astimezone(self, tz):
if not isinstance(tz, tzinfo):
raise TypeError("tz argument must be an instance of tzinfo")
mytz = self.tzinfo
if mytz is None:
raise ValueError("astimezone() requires an aware datetime")
if tz is mytz:
return self
# Convert self to UTC, and attach the new time zone object.
myoffset = self.utcoffset()
if myoffset is None:
raise ValueError("astimezone() requires an aware datetime")
utc = (self - myoffset).replace(tzinfo=tz)
# Convert from UTC to tz's local time.
return tz.fromutc(utc)
# Ways to produce a string.
def ctime(self):
"Return ctime() style string."
weekday = self.toordinal() % 7 or 7
return "%s %s %2d %02d:%02d:%02d %04d" % (
_DAYNAMES[weekday],
_MONTHNAMES[self._month],
self._day,
self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
self._year)
def isoformat(self, sep='T'):
"""Return the time formatted according to ISO.
This is 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm', or 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS' if
self.microsecond == 0.
If self.tzinfo is not None, the UTC offset is also attached, giving
'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm+HH:MM' or 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS+HH:MM'.
Optional argument sep specifies the separator between date and
time, default 'T'.
"""
s = ("%04d-%02d-%02d%c" % (self._year, self._month, self._day, sep) +
_format_time(self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
self._microsecond))
off = self._utcoffset()
if off is not None:
if off < 0:
sign = "-"
off = -off
else:
sign = "+"
hh, mm = divmod(off, 60)
s += "%s%02d:%02d" % (sign, hh, mm)
return s
def __repr__(self):
"""Convert to formal string, for repr()."""
L = [self._year, self._month, self._day, # These are never zero
self._hour, self._minute, self._second, self._microsecond]
if L[-1] == 0:
del L[-1]
if L[-1] == 0:
del L[-1]
s = ", ".join(map(str, L))
s = "%s(%s)" % ('datetime.' + self.__class__.__name__, s)
if self._tzinfo is not None:
assert s[-1:] == ")"
s = s[:-1] + ", tzinfo=%r" % self._tzinfo + ")"
return s
def __str__(self):
"Convert to string, for str()."
return self.isoformat(sep=' ')
@classmethod
def strptime(cls, date_string, format):
'string, format -> new datetime parsed from a string (like time.strptime()).'
from _strptime import _strptime
# _strptime._strptime returns a two-element tuple. The first
# element is a time.struct_time object. The second is the
# microseconds (which are not defined for time.struct_time).
struct, micros = _strptime(date_string, format)
return cls(*(struct[0:6] + (micros,)))
def utcoffset(self):
"""Return the timezone offset in minutes east of UTC (negative west of
UTC)."""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.utcoffset(self)
offset = _check_utc_offset("utcoffset", offset)
if offset is not None:
offset = timedelta(minutes=offset)
return offset
# Return an integer (or None) instead of a timedelta (or None).
def _utcoffset(self):
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.utcoffset(self)
offset = _check_utc_offset("utcoffset", offset)
return offset
def tzname(self):
"""Return the timezone name.
Note that the name is 100% informational -- there's no requirement that
it mean anything in particular. For example, "GMT", "UTC", "-500",
"-5:00", "EDT", "US/Eastern", "America/New York" are all valid replies.
"""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
name = self._tzinfo.tzname(self)
_check_tzname(name)
return name
def dst(self):
"""Return 0 if DST is not in effect, or the DST offset (in minutes
eastward) if DST is in effect.
This is purely informational; the DST offset has already been added to
the UTC offset returned by utcoffset() if applicable, so there's no
need to consult dst() unless you're interested in displaying the DST
info.
"""
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.dst(self)
offset = _check_utc_offset("dst", offset)
if offset is not None:
offset = timedelta(minutes=offset)
return offset
# Return an integer (or None) instead of a timedelta (or None).
def _dst(self):
if self._tzinfo is None:
return None
offset = self._tzinfo.dst(self)
offset = _check_utc_offset("dst", offset)
return offset
# Comparisons of datetime objects with other.
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) == 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
return False
def __ne__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) != 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
return True
def __le__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) <= 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __lt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) < 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) >= 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, datetime):
return self._cmp(other) > 0
elif hasattr(other, "timetuple") and not isinstance(other, date):
return NotImplemented
else:
_cmperror(self, other)
def _cmp(self, other):
assert isinstance(other, datetime)
mytz = self._tzinfo
ottz = other._tzinfo
myoff = otoff = None
if mytz is ottz:
base_compare = True
else:
if mytz is not None:
myoff = self._utcoffset()
if ottz is not None:
otoff = other._utcoffset()
base_compare = myoff == otoff
if base_compare:
return _cmp((self._year, self._month, self._day,
self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
self._microsecond),
(other._year, other._month, other._day,
other._hour, other._minute, other._second,
other._microsecond))
if myoff is None or otoff is None:
raise TypeError("can't compare offset-naive and offset-aware datetimes")
# XXX What follows could be done more efficiently...
diff = self - other # this will take offsets into account
if diff.days < 0:
return -1
return diff and 1 or 0
def __add__(self, other):
"Add a datetime and a timedelta."
if not isinstance(other, timedelta):
return NotImplemented
t = _tmxxx(self._year,
self._month,
self._day + other.days,
self._hour,
self._minute,
self._second + other.seconds,
self._microsecond + other.microseconds)
self._checkOverflow(t.year)
result = datetime(t.year, t.month, t.day,
t.hour, t.minute, t.second,
t.microsecond, tzinfo=self._tzinfo)
return result
__radd__ = __add__
def __sub__(self, other):
"Subtract two datetimes, or a datetime and a timedelta."
if not isinstance(other, datetime):
if isinstance(other, timedelta):
return self + -other
return NotImplemented
days1 = self.toordinal()
days2 = other.toordinal()
secs1 = self._second + self._minute * 60 + self._hour * 3600
secs2 = other._second + other._minute * 60 + other._hour * 3600
base = timedelta(days1 - days2,
secs1 - secs2,
self._microsecond - other._microsecond)
if self._tzinfo is other._tzinfo:
return base
myoff = self._utcoffset()
otoff = other._utcoffset()
if myoff == otoff:
return base
if myoff is None or otoff is None:
raise TypeError("can't subtract offset-naive and offset-aware datetimes")
return base + timedelta(minutes = otoff-myoff)
def __hash__(self):
if self._hashcode == -1:
tzoff = self._utcoffset()
if tzoff is None:
self._hashcode = hash(self._getstate()[0])
else:
days = _ymd2ord(self.year, self.month, self.day)
seconds = self.hour * 3600 + (self.minute - tzoff) * 60 + self.second
self._hashcode = hash(timedelta(days, seconds, self.microsecond))
return self._hashcode
# Pickle support.
def _getstate(self):
yhi, ylo = divmod(self._year, 256)
us2, us3 = divmod(self._microsecond, 256)
us1, us2 = divmod(us2, 256)
basestate = _struct.pack('10B', yhi, ylo, self._month, self._day,
self._hour, self._minute, self._second,
us1, us2, us3)
if self._tzinfo is None:
return (basestate,)
else:
return (basestate, self._tzinfo)
def __setstate(self, string, tzinfo):
if tzinfo is not None and not isinstance(tzinfo, _tzinfo_class):
raise TypeError("bad tzinfo state arg")
(yhi, ylo, self._month, self._day, self._hour,
self._minute, self._second, us1, us2, us3) = (ord(string[0]),
ord(string[1]), ord(string[2]), ord(string[3]),
ord(string[4]), ord(string[5]), ord(string[6]),
ord(string[7]), ord(string[8]), ord(string[9]))
self._year = yhi * 256 + ylo
self._microsecond = (((us1 << 8) | us2) << 8) | us3
self._tzinfo = tzinfo
def __reduce__(self):
return (self.__class__, self._getstate())
datetime.min = datetime(1, 1, 1)
datetime.max = datetime(9999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999999)
datetime.resolution = timedelta(microseconds=1)
def _isoweek1monday(year):
# Helper to calculate the day number of the Monday starting week 1
# XXX This could be done more efficiently
THURSDAY = 3
firstday = _ymd2ord(year, 1, 1)
firstweekday = (firstday + 6) % 7 # See weekday() above
week1monday = firstday - firstweekday
if firstweekday > THURSDAY:
week1monday += 7
return week1monday
"""
Some time zone algebra. For a datetime x, let
x.n = x stripped of its timezone -- its naive time.
x.o = x.utcoffset(), and assuming that doesn't raise an exception or
return None
x.d = x.dst(), and assuming that doesn't raise an exception or
return None
x.s = x's standard offset, x.o - x.d
Now some derived rules, where k is a duration (timedelta).
1. x.o = x.s + x.d
This follows from the definition of x.s.
2. If x and y have the same tzinfo member, x.s = y.s.
This is actually a requirement, an assumption we need to make about
sane tzinfo classes.
3. The naive UTC time corresponding to x is x.n - x.o.
This is again a requirement for a sane tzinfo class.
4. (x+k).s = x.s
This follows from #2, and that datimetimetz+timedelta preserves tzinfo.
5. (x+k).n = x.n + k
Again follows from how arithmetic is defined.
Now we can explain tz.fromutc(x). Let's assume it's an interesting case
(meaning that the various tzinfo methods exist, and don't blow up or return
None when called).
The function wants to return a datetime y with timezone tz, equivalent to x.
x is already in UTC.
By #3, we want
y.n - y.o = x.n [1]
The algorithm starts by attaching tz to x.n, and calling that y. So
x.n = y.n at the start. Then it wants to add a duration k to y, so that [1]
becomes true; in effect, we want to solve [2] for k:
(y+k).n - (y+k).o = x.n [2]
By #1, this is the same as
(y+k).n - ((y+k).s + (y+k).d) = x.n [3]
By #5, (y+k).n = y.n + k, which equals x.n + k because x.n=y.n at the start.
Substituting that into [3],
x.n + k - (y+k).s - (y+k).d = x.n; the x.n terms cancel, leaving
k - (y+k).s - (y+k).d = 0; rearranging,
k = (y+k).s - (y+k).d; by #4, (y+k).s == y.s, so
k = y.s - (y+k).d
On the RHS, (y+k).d can't be computed directly, but y.s can be, and we
approximate k by ignoring the (y+k).d term at first. Note that k can't be
very large, since all offset-returning methods return a duration of magnitude
less than 24 hours. For that reason, if y is firmly in std time, (y+k).d must
be 0, so ignoring it has no consequence then.
In any case, the new value is
z = y + y.s [4]
It's helpful to step back at look at [4] from a higher level: it's simply
mapping from UTC to tz's standard time.
At this point, if
z.n - z.o = x.n [5]
we have an equivalent time, and are almost done. The insecurity here is
at the start of daylight time. Picture US Eastern for concreteness. The wall
time jumps from 1:59 to 3:00, and wall hours of the form 2:MM don't make good
sense then. The docs ask that an Eastern tzinfo class consider such a time to
be EDT (because it's "after 2"), which is a redundant spelling of 1:MM EST
on the day DST starts. We want to return the 1:MM EST spelling because that's
the only spelling that makes sense on the local wall clock.
In fact, if [5] holds at this point, we do have the standard-time spelling,
but that takes a bit of proof. We first prove a stronger result. What's the
difference between the LHS and RHS of [5]? Let
diff = x.n - (z.n - z.o) [6]
Now
z.n = by [4]
(y + y.s).n = by #5
y.n + y.s = since y.n = x.n
x.n + y.s = since z and y are have the same tzinfo member,
y.s = z.s by #2
x.n + z.s
Plugging that back into [6] gives
diff =
x.n - ((x.n + z.s) - z.o) = expanding
x.n - x.n - z.s + z.o = cancelling
- z.s + z.o = by #2
z.d
So diff = z.d.
If [5] is true now, diff = 0, so z.d = 0 too, and we have the standard-time
spelling we wanted in the endcase described above. We're done. Contrarily,
if z.d = 0, then we have a UTC equivalent, and are also done.
If [5] is not true now, diff = z.d != 0, and z.d is the offset we need to
add to z (in effect, z is in tz's standard time, and we need to shift the
local clock into tz's daylight time).
Let
z' = z + z.d = z + diff [7]
and we can again ask whether
z'.n - z'.o = x.n [8]
If so, we're done. If not, the tzinfo class is insane, according to the
assumptions we've made. This also requires a bit of proof. As before, let's
compute the difference between the LHS and RHS of [8] (and skipping some of
the justifications for the kinds of substitutions we've done several times
already):
diff' = x.n - (z'.n - z'.o) = replacing z'.n via [7]
x.n - (z.n + diff - z'.o) = replacing diff via [6]
x.n - (z.n + x.n - (z.n - z.o) - z'.o) =
x.n - z.n - x.n + z.n - z.o + z'.o = cancel x.n
- z.n + z.n - z.o + z'.o = cancel z.n
- z.o + z'.o = #1 twice
-z.s - z.d + z'.s + z'.d = z and z' have same tzinfo
z'.d - z.d
So z' is UTC-equivalent to x iff z'.d = z.d at this point. If they are equal,
we've found the UTC-equivalent so are done. In fact, we stop with [7] and
return z', not bothering to compute z'.d.
How could z.d and z'd differ? z' = z + z.d [7], so merely moving z' by
a dst() offset, and starting *from* a time already in DST (we know z.d != 0),
would have to change the result dst() returns: we start in DST, and moving
a little further into it takes us out of DST.
There isn't a sane case where this can happen. The closest it gets is at
the end of DST, where there's an hour in UTC with no spelling in a hybrid
tzinfo class. In US Eastern, that's 5:MM UTC = 0:MM EST = 1:MM EDT. During
that hour, on an Eastern clock 1:MM is taken as being in standard time (6:MM
UTC) because the docs insist on that, but 0:MM is taken as being in daylight
time (4:MM UTC). There is no local time mapping to 5:MM UTC. The local
clock jumps from 1:59 back to 1:00 again, and repeats the 1:MM hour in
standard time. Since that's what the local clock *does*, we want to map both
UTC hours 5:MM and 6:MM to 1:MM Eastern. The result is ambiguous
in local time, but so it goes -- it's the way the local clock works.
When x = 5:MM UTC is the input to this algorithm, x.o=0, y.o=-5 and y.d=0,
so z=0:MM. z.d=60 (minutes) then, so [5] doesn't hold and we keep going.
z' = z + z.d = 1:MM then, and z'.d=0, and z'.d - z.d = -60 != 0 so [8]
(correctly) concludes that z' is not UTC-equivalent to x.
Because we know z.d said z was in daylight time (else [5] would have held and
we would have stopped then), and we know z.d != z'.d (else [8] would have held
and we have stopped then), and there are only 2 possible values dst() can
return in Eastern, it follows that z'.d must be 0 (which it is in the example,
but the reasoning doesn't depend on the example -- it depends on there being
two possible dst() outcomes, one zero and the other non-zero). Therefore
z' must be in standard time, and is the spelling we want in this case.
Note again that z' is not UTC-equivalent as far as the hybrid tzinfo class is
concerned (because it takes z' as being in standard time rather than the
daylight time we intend here), but returning it gives the real-life "local
clock repeats an hour" behavior when mapping the "unspellable" UTC hour into
tz.
When the input is 6:MM, z=1:MM and z.d=0, and we stop at once, again with
the 1:MM standard time spelling we want.
So how can this break? One of the assumptions must be violated. Two
possibilities:
1) [2] effectively says that y.s is invariant across all y belong to a given
time zone. This isn't true if, for political reasons or continental drift,
a region decides to change its base offset from UTC.
2) There may be versions of "double daylight" time where the tail end of
the analysis gives up a step too early. I haven't thought about that
enough to say.
In any case, it's clear that the default fromutc() is strong enough to handle
"almost all" time zones: so long as the standard offset is invariant, it
doesn't matter if daylight time transition points change from year to year, or
if daylight time is skipped in some years; it doesn't matter how large or
small dst() may get within its bounds; and it doesn't even matter if some
perverse time zone returns a negative dst()). So a breaking case must be
pretty bizarre, and a tzinfo subclass can override fromutc() if it is.
"""