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/*
 * Copyright (c) 1995, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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 *
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package java.util;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.random.RandomGenerator;
import java.util.stream.DoubleStream;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
import java.util.stream.LongStream;
import jdk.internal.util.random.RandomSupport.*;

import static jdk.internal.util.random.RandomSupport.*;

import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;

/**
 * An instance of this class is used to generate a stream of
 * pseudorandom numbers; its period is only 248.
 * The class uses a 48-bit seed, which is
 * modified using a linear congruential formula. (See Donald E. Knuth,
 * The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 2, Third
 * edition: Seminumerical Algorithms, Section 3.2.1.)
 * 

* If two instances of {@code Random} are created with the same * seed, and the same sequence of method calls is made for each, they * will generate and return identical sequences of numbers. In order to * guarantee this property, particular algorithms are specified for the * class {@code Random}. Java implementations must use all the algorithms * shown here for the class {@code Random}, for the sake of absolute * portability of Java code. However, subclasses of class {@code Random} * are permitted to use other algorithms, so long as they adhere to the * general contracts for all the methods. *

* The algorithms implemented by class {@code Random} use a * {@code protected} utility method that on each invocation can supply * up to 32 pseudorandomly generated bits. *

* Many applications will find the method {@link Math#random} simpler to use. * *

Instances of {@code java.util.Random} are threadsafe. * However, the concurrent use of the same {@code java.util.Random} * instance across threads may encounter contention and consequent * poor performance. Consider instead using * {@link java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom} in multithreaded * designs. * *

Instances of {@code java.util.Random} are not cryptographically * secure. Consider instead using {@link java.security.SecureRandom} to * get a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator for use * by security-sensitive applications. * * @author Frank Yellin * @since 1.0 */ @SuppressWarnings("exports") @RandomGeneratorProperties( name = "Random", i = 48, j = 0, k = 0, equidistribution = 0 ) public class Random implements RandomGenerator, java.io.Serializable { /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */ @java.io.Serial static final long serialVersionUID = 3905348978240129619L; /** * The internal state associated with this pseudorandom number generator. * (The specs for the methods in this class describe the ongoing * computation of this value.) */ private final AtomicLong seed; private static final long multiplier = 0x5DEECE66DL; private static final long addend = 0xBL; private static final long mask = (1L << 48) - 1; private static final double DOUBLE_UNIT = 0x1.0p-53; // 1.0 / (1L << 53) /** * Creates a new random number generator. This constructor sets * the seed of the random number generator to a value very likely * to be distinct from any other invocation of this constructor. */ public Random() { this(seedUniquifier() ^ System.nanoTime()); } private static long seedUniquifier() { // L'Ecuyer, "Tables of Linear Congruential Generators of // Different Sizes and Good Lattice Structure", 1999 for (;;) { long current = seedUniquifier.get(); long next = current * 1181783497276652981L; if (seedUniquifier.compareAndSet(current, next)) return next; } } private static final AtomicLong seedUniquifier = new AtomicLong(8682522807148012L); /** * Creates a new random number generator using a single {@code long} seed. * The seed is the initial value of the internal state of the pseudorandom * number generator which is maintained by method {@link #next}. * * @implSpec The invocation {@code new Random(seed)} is equivalent to: *

{@code
     * Random rnd = new Random();
     * rnd.setSeed(seed);
     * }
* * @param seed the initial seed * @see #setSeed(long) */ public Random(long seed) { if (getClass() == Random.class) this.seed = new AtomicLong(initialScramble(seed)); else { // subclass might have overridden setSeed this.seed = new AtomicLong(); setSeed(seed); } } private static long initialScramble(long seed) { return (seed ^ multiplier) & mask; } /** * Sets the seed of this random number generator using a single * {@code long} seed. The general contract of {@code setSeed} is * that it alters the state of this random number generator object * so as to be in exactly the same state as if it had just been * created with the argument {@code seed} as a seed. The method * {@code setSeed} is implemented by class {@code Random} by * atomically updating the seed to *
{@code (seed ^ 0x5DEECE66DL) & ((1L << 48) - 1)}
* and clearing the {@code haveNextNextGaussian} flag used by {@link * #nextGaussian}. * *

The implementation of {@code setSeed} by class {@code Random} * happens to use only 48 bits of the given seed. In general, however, * an overriding method may use all 64 bits of the {@code long} * argument as a seed value. * * @param seed the initial seed */ public synchronized void setSeed(long seed) { this.seed.set(initialScramble(seed)); haveNextNextGaussian = false; } /** * Generates the next pseudorandom number. Subclasses should * override this, as this is used by all other methods. * *

The general contract of {@code next} is that it returns an * {@code int} value and if the argument {@code bits} is between * {@code 1} and {@code 32} (inclusive), then that many low-order * bits of the returned value will be (approximately) independently * chosen bit values, each of which is (approximately) equally * likely to be {@code 0} or {@code 1}. The method {@code next} is * implemented by class {@code Random} by atomically updating the seed to *

{@code (seed * 0x5DEECE66DL + 0xBL) & ((1L << 48) - 1)}
* and returning *
{@code (int)(seed >>> (48 - bits))}.
* * This is a linear congruential pseudorandom number generator, as * defined by D. H. Lehmer and described by Donald E. Knuth in * The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 2, Third edition: * Seminumerical Algorithms, section 3.2.1. * * @param bits random bits * @return the next pseudorandom value from this random number * generator's sequence * @since 1.1 */ protected int next(int bits) { long oldseed, nextseed; AtomicLong seed = this.seed; do { oldseed = seed.get(); nextseed = (oldseed * multiplier + addend) & mask; } while (!seed.compareAndSet(oldseed, nextseed)); return (int)(nextseed >>> (48 - bits)); } /** * Generates random bytes and places them into a user-supplied * byte array. The number of random bytes produced is equal to * the length of the byte array. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextBytes} is * implemented by class {@code Random} as if by: *
{@code
     * public void nextBytes(byte[] bytes) {
     *   for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; )
     *     for (int rnd = nextInt(), n = Math.min(bytes.length - i, 4);
     *          n-- > 0; rnd >>= 8)
     *       bytes[i++] = (byte)rnd;
     * }}
* * @param bytes the byte array to fill with random bytes * @throws NullPointerException if the byte array is null * @since 1.1 */ @Override public void nextBytes(byte[] bytes) { for (int i = 0, len = bytes.length; i < len; ) for (int rnd = nextInt(), n = Math.min(len - i, Integer.SIZE/Byte.SIZE); n-- > 0; rnd >>= Byte.SIZE) bytes[i++] = (byte)rnd; } /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code int} * value from this random number generator's sequence. The general * contract of {@code nextInt} is that one {@code int} value is * pseudorandomly generated and returned. All 232 possible * {@code int} values are produced with (approximately) equal probability. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextInt} is * implemented by class {@code Random} as if by: *
{@code
     * public int nextInt() {
     *   return next(32);
     * }}
* * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code int} * value from this random number generator's sequence */ @Override public int nextInt() { return next(32); } /** * Returns a pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code int} value * between 0 (inclusive) and the specified value (exclusive), drawn from * this random number generator's sequence. The general contract of * {@code nextInt} is that one {@code int} value in the specified range * is pseudorandomly generated and returned. All {@code bound} possible * {@code int} values are produced with (approximately) equal * probability. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextInt(int bound)} is implemented by * class {@code Random} as if by: *
{@code
     * public int nextInt(int bound) {
     *   if (bound <= 0)
     *     throw new IllegalArgumentException("bound must be positive");
     *
     *   if ((bound & -bound) == bound)  // i.e., bound is a power of 2
     *     return (int)((bound * (long)next(31)) >> 31);
     *
     *   int bits, val;
     *   do {
     *       bits = next(31);
     *       val = bits % bound;
     *   } while (bits - val + (bound-1) < 0);
     *   return val;
     * }}
* *

The hedge "approximately" is used in the foregoing description only * because the next method is only approximately an unbiased source of * independently chosen bits. If it were a perfect source of randomly * chosen bits, then the algorithm shown would choose {@code int} * values from the stated range with perfect uniformity. *

* The algorithm is slightly tricky. It rejects values that would result * in an uneven distribution (due to the fact that 2^31 is not divisible * by n). The probability of a value being rejected depends on n. The * worst case is n=2^30+1, for which the probability of a reject is 1/2, * and the expected number of iterations before the loop terminates is 2. *

* The algorithm treats the case where n is a power of two specially: it * returns the correct number of high-order bits from the underlying * pseudo-random number generator. In the absence of special treatment, * the correct number of low-order bits would be returned. Linear * congruential pseudo-random number generators such as the one * implemented by this class are known to have short periods in the * sequence of values of their low-order bits. Thus, this special case * greatly increases the length of the sequence of values returned by * successive calls to this method if n is a small power of two. * * @param bound the upper bound (exclusive). Must be positive. * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code int} * value between zero (inclusive) and {@code bound} (exclusive) * from this random number generator's sequence * @throws IllegalArgumentException if bound is not positive * @since 1.2 */ @Override public int nextInt(int bound) { if (bound <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(BAD_BOUND); int r = next(31); int m = bound - 1; if ((bound & m) == 0) // i.e., bound is a power of 2 r = (int)((bound * (long)r) >> 31); else { // reject over-represented candidates for (int u = r; u - (r = u % bound) + m < 0; u = next(31)) ; } return r; } /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code long} * value from this random number generator's sequence. The general * contract of {@code nextLong} is that one {@code long} value is * pseudorandomly generated and returned. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextLong} is implemented by class {@code Random} * as if by: *

{@code
     * public long nextLong() {
     *   return ((long)next(32) << 32) + next(32);
     * }}
* * Because class {@code Random} uses a seed with only 48 bits, * this algorithm will not return all possible {@code long} values. * * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code long} * value from this random number generator's sequence */ @Override public long nextLong() { // it's okay that the bottom word remains signed. return ((long)(next(32)) << 32) + next(32); } /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed * {@code boolean} value from this random number generator's * sequence. The general contract of {@code nextBoolean} is that one * {@code boolean} value is pseudorandomly generated and returned. The * values {@code true} and {@code false} are produced with * (approximately) equal probability. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextBoolean} is implemented by class * {@code Random} as if by: *
{@code
     * public boolean nextBoolean() {
     *   return next(1) != 0;
     * }}
* * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed * {@code boolean} value from this random number generator's * sequence * @since 1.2 */ @Override public boolean nextBoolean() { return next(1) != 0; } /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code float} * value between {@code 0.0} and {@code 1.0} from this random * number generator's sequence. * *

The general contract of {@code nextFloat} is that one * {@code float} value, chosen (approximately) uniformly from the * range {@code 0.0f} (inclusive) to {@code 1.0f} (exclusive), is * pseudorandomly generated and returned. All 224 possible * {@code float} values of the form m x 2-24, * where m is a positive integer less than 224, are * produced with (approximately) equal probability. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextFloat} is implemented by class * {@code Random} as if by: *

{@code
     * public float nextFloat() {
     *   return next(24) / ((float)(1 << 24));
     * }}
*

The hedge "approximately" is used in the foregoing description only * because the next method is only approximately an unbiased source of * independently chosen bits. If it were a perfect source of randomly * chosen bits, then the algorithm shown would choose {@code float} * values from the stated range with perfect uniformity.

* [In early versions of Java, the result was incorrectly calculated as: *

 {@code return next(30) / ((float)(1 << 30));}
* This might seem to be equivalent, if not better, but in fact it * introduced a slight nonuniformity because of the bias in the rounding * of floating-point numbers: it was slightly more likely that the * low-order bit of the significand would be 0 than that it would be 1.] * * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code float} * value between {@code 0.0} and {@code 1.0} from this * random number generator's sequence */ @Override public float nextFloat() { return next(24) / ((float)(1 << 24)); } /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed * {@code double} value between {@code 0.0} and * {@code 1.0} from this random number generator's sequence. * *

The general contract of {@code nextDouble} is that one * {@code double} value, chosen (approximately) uniformly from the * range {@code 0.0d} (inclusive) to {@code 1.0d} (exclusive), is * pseudorandomly generated and returned. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextDouble} is implemented by class * {@code Random} as if by: *

{@code
     * public double nextDouble() {
     *   return (((long)next(26) << 27) + next(27))
     *     / (double)(1L << 53);
     * }}
*

The hedge "approximately" is used in the foregoing description only * because the {@code next} method is only approximately an unbiased source * of independently chosen bits. If it were a perfect source of randomly * chosen bits, then the algorithm shown would choose {@code double} values * from the stated range with perfect uniformity. *

[In early versions of Java, the result was incorrectly calculated as: *

 {@code return (((long)next(27) << 27) + next(27)) / (double)(1L << 54);}
* This might seem to be equivalent, if not better, but in fact it * introduced a large nonuniformity because of the bias in the rounding of * floating-point numbers: it was three times as likely that the low-order * bit of the significand would be 0 than that it would be 1! This * nonuniformity probably doesn't matter much in practice, but we strive * for perfection.] * * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code double} * value between {@code 0.0} and {@code 1.0} from this * random number generator's sequence * @see Math#random */ @Override public double nextDouble() { return (((long)(next(26)) << 27) + next(27)) * DOUBLE_UNIT; } private double nextNextGaussian; private boolean haveNextNextGaussian = false; /** * Returns the next pseudorandom, Gaussian ("normally") distributed * {@code double} value with mean {@code 0.0} and standard * deviation {@code 1.0} from this random number generator's sequence. *

* The general contract of {@code nextGaussian} is that one * {@code double} value, chosen from (approximately) the usual * normal distribution with mean {@code 0.0} and standard deviation * {@code 1.0}, is pseudorandomly generated and returned. * * @implSpec The method {@code nextGaussian} is implemented by class * {@code Random} as if by a threadsafe version of the following: *

{@code
     * private double nextNextGaussian;
     * private boolean haveNextNextGaussian = false;
     *
     * public double nextGaussian() {
     *   if (haveNextNextGaussian) {
     *     haveNextNextGaussian = false;
     *     return nextNextGaussian;
     *   } else {
     *     double v1, v2, s;
     *     do {
     *       v1 = 2 * nextDouble() - 1;   // between -1.0 and 1.0
     *       v2 = 2 * nextDouble() - 1;   // between -1.0 and 1.0
     *       s = v1 * v1 + v2 * v2;
     *     } while (s >= 1 || s == 0);
     *     double multiplier = StrictMath.sqrt(-2 * StrictMath.log(s)/s);
     *     nextNextGaussian = v2 * multiplier;
     *     haveNextNextGaussian = true;
     *     return v1 * multiplier;
     *   }
     * }}
* * This uses the polar method of G. E. P. Box, M. E. Muller, and * G. Marsaglia, as described by Donald E. Knuth in The Art of * Computer Programming, Volume 2, third edition: Seminumerical Algorithms, * section 3.4.1, subsection C, algorithm P. Note that it generates two * independent values at the cost of only one call to {@code StrictMath.log} * and one call to {@code StrictMath.sqrt}. * * @return the next pseudorandom, Gaussian ("normally") distributed * {@code double} value with mean {@code 0.0} and * standard deviation {@code 1.0} from this random number * generator's sequence */ @Override public synchronized double nextGaussian() { // See Knuth, TAOCP, Vol. 2, 3rd edition, Section 3.4.1 Algorithm C. if (haveNextNextGaussian) { haveNextNextGaussian = false; return nextNextGaussian; } else { double v1, v2, s; do { v1 = 2 * nextDouble() - 1; // between -1 and 1 v2 = 2 * nextDouble() - 1; // between -1 and 1 s = v1 * v1 + v2 * v2; } while (s >= 1 || s == 0); double multiplier = StrictMath.sqrt(-2 * StrictMath.log(s)/s); nextNextGaussian = v2 * multiplier; haveNextNextGaussian = true; return v1 * multiplier; } } /** * Serializable fields for Random. * * @serialField seed long * seed for random computations * @serialField nextNextGaussian double * next Gaussian to be returned * @serialField haveNextNextGaussian boolean * nextNextGaussian is valid */ @java.io.Serial private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = { new ObjectStreamField("seed", Long.TYPE), new ObjectStreamField("nextNextGaussian", Double.TYPE), new ObjectStreamField("haveNextNextGaussian", Boolean.TYPE) }; /** * Reconstitute the {@code Random} instance from a stream (that is, * deserialize it). * * @param s the {@code ObjectInputStream} from which data is read * * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs * @throws ClassNotFoundException if a serialized class cannot be loaded */ @java.io.Serial private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { ObjectInputStream.GetField fields = s.readFields(); // The seed is read in as {@code long} for // historical reasons, but it is converted to an AtomicLong. long seedVal = fields.get("seed", -1L); if (seedVal < 0) throw new java.io.StreamCorruptedException( "Random: invalid seed"); resetSeed(seedVal); nextNextGaussian = fields.get("nextNextGaussian", 0.0); haveNextNextGaussian = fields.get("haveNextNextGaussian", false); } /** * Save the {@code Random} instance to a stream. * * @param s the {@code ObjectOutputStream} to which data is written * * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs */ @java.io.Serial private synchronized void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException { // set the values of the Serializable fields ObjectOutputStream.PutField fields = s.putFields(); // The seed is serialized as a long for historical reasons. fields.put("seed", seed.get()); fields.put("nextNextGaussian", nextNextGaussian); fields.put("haveNextNextGaussian", haveNextNextGaussian); // save them s.writeFields(); } // Support for resetting seed while deserializing private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); private static final long seedOffset; static { try { seedOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset (Random.class.getDeclaredField("seed")); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } } private void resetSeed(long seedVal) { unsafe.putReferenceVolatile(this, seedOffset, new AtomicLong(seedVal)); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number of * pseudorandom {@code int} values. * *

A pseudorandom {@code int} value is generated as if it's the result of * calling the method {@link #nextInt()}. * * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code int} values * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is * less than zero * @since 1.8 */ @Override public IntStream ints(long streamSize) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.ints(this, streamSize); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code int} * values. * *

A pseudorandom {@code int} value is generated as if it's the result of * calling the method {@link #nextInt()}. * * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * ints(Long.MAX_VALUE)}. * * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code int} values * @since 1.8 */ @Override public IntStream ints() { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.ints(this); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number * of pseudorandom {@code int} values, each conforming to the given * origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code int} value is generated as if it's the result of * calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * int nextInt(int origin, int bound) {
     *   int n = bound - origin;
     *   if (n > 0) {
     *     return nextInt(n) + origin;
     *   }
     *   else {  // range not representable as int
     *     int r;
     *     do {
     *       r = nextInt();
     *     } while (r < origin || r >= bound);
     *     return r;
     *   }
     * }}
* * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code int} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is * less than zero, or {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public IntStream ints(long streamSize, int randomNumberOrigin, int randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.ints(this, streamSize, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code * int} values, each conforming to the given origin (inclusive) and bound * (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code int} value is generated as if it's the result of * calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * int nextInt(int origin, int bound) {
     *   int n = bound - origin;
     *   if (n > 0) {
     *     return nextInt(n) + origin;
     *   }
     *   else {  // range not representable as int
     *     int r;
     *     do {
     *       r = nextInt();
     *     } while (r < origin || r >= bound);
     *     return r;
     *   }
     * }}
* * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * ints(Long.MAX_VALUE, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound)}. * * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code int} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public IntStream ints(int randomNumberOrigin, int randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.ints(this, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number of * pseudorandom {@code long} values. * *

A pseudorandom {@code long} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the method {@link #nextLong()}. * * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code long} values * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is * less than zero * @since 1.8 */ @Override public LongStream longs(long streamSize) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.longs(this, streamSize); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code long} * values. * *

A pseudorandom {@code long} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the method {@link #nextLong()}. * * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * longs(Long.MAX_VALUE)}. * * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code long} values * @since 1.8 */ @Override public LongStream longs() { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.longs(this); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number of * pseudorandom {@code long}, each conforming to the given origin * (inclusive) and bound (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code long} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * long nextLong(long origin, long bound) {
     *   long r = nextLong();
     *   long n = bound - origin, m = n - 1;
     *   if ((n & m) == 0L)  // power of two
     *     r = (r & m) + origin;
     *   else if (n > 0L) {  // reject over-represented candidates
     *     for (long u = r >>> 1;            // ensure nonnegative
     *          u + m - (r = u % n) < 0L;    // rejection check
     *          u = nextLong() >>> 1) // retry
     *         ;
     *     r += origin;
     *   }
     *   else {              // range not representable as long
     *     while (r < origin || r >= bound)
     *       r = nextLong();
     *   }
     *   return r;
     * }}
* * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code long} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is * less than zero, or {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public LongStream longs(long streamSize, long randomNumberOrigin, long randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.longs(this, streamSize, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code * long} values, each conforming to the given origin (inclusive) and bound * (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code long} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * long nextLong(long origin, long bound) {
     *   long r = nextLong();
     *   long n = bound - origin, m = n - 1;
     *   if ((n & m) == 0L)  // power of two
     *     r = (r & m) + origin;
     *   else if (n > 0L) {  // reject over-represented candidates
     *     for (long u = r >>> 1;            // ensure nonnegative
     *          u + m - (r = u % n) < 0L;    // rejection check
     *          u = nextLong() >>> 1) // retry
     *         ;
     *     r += origin;
     *   }
     *   else {              // range not representable as long
     *     while (r < origin || r >= bound)
     *       r = nextLong();
     *   }
     *   return r;
     * }}
* * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * longs(Long.MAX_VALUE, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound)}. * * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code long} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public LongStream longs(long randomNumberOrigin, long randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.longs(this, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number of * pseudorandom {@code double} values, each between zero * (inclusive) and one (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code double} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the method {@link #nextDouble()}. * * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @return a stream of {@code double} values * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is * less than zero * @since 1.8 */ @Override public DoubleStream doubles(long streamSize) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.doubles(this, streamSize); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code * double} values, each between zero (inclusive) and one * (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code double} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the method {@link #nextDouble()}. * * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * doubles(Long.MAX_VALUE)}. * * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code double} values * @since 1.8 */ @Override public DoubleStream doubles() { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.doubles(this); } /** * Returns a stream producing the given {@code streamSize} number of * pseudorandom {@code double} values, each conforming to the given origin * (inclusive) and bound (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code double} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * double nextDouble(double origin, double bound) {
     *   double r = nextDouble();
     *   r = r * (bound - origin) + origin;
     *   if (r >= bound) // correct for rounding
     *     r = Math.nextDown(bound);
     *   return r;
     * }}
* * @param streamSize the number of values to generate * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code double} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code streamSize} is less than zero, * or {@code randomNumberOrigin} is not finite, * or {@code randomNumberBound} is not finite, or {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public DoubleStream doubles(long streamSize, double randomNumberOrigin, double randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.doubles(this, streamSize, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } /** * Returns an effectively unlimited stream of pseudorandom {@code * double} values, each conforming to the given origin (inclusive) and bound * (exclusive). * *

A pseudorandom {@code double} value is generated as if it's the result * of calling the following method with the origin and bound: *

 {@code
     * double nextDouble(double origin, double bound) {
     *   double r = nextDouble();
     *   r = r * (bound - origin) + origin;
     *   if (r >= bound) // correct for rounding
     *     r = Math.nextDown(bound);
     *   return r;
     * }}
* * @implNote This method is implemented to be equivalent to {@code * doubles(Long.MAX_VALUE, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound)}. * * @param randomNumberOrigin the origin (inclusive) of each random value * @param randomNumberBound the bound (exclusive) of each random value * @return a stream of pseudorandom {@code double} values, * each with the given origin (inclusive) and bound (exclusive) * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code randomNumberOrigin} * is greater than or equal to {@code randomNumberBound} * @since 1.8 */ @Override public DoubleStream doubles(double randomNumberOrigin, double randomNumberBound) { return AbstractSpliteratorGenerator.doubles(this, randomNumberOrigin, randomNumberBound); } }




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