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/* Copyright (c) 2008-2023, Nathan Sweet
 * All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following
 * conditions are met:
 * 
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 * disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * - Neither the name of Esoteric Software nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 * from this software without specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
 * SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */

package com.esotericsoftware.kryo.unsafe;

import static com.esotericsoftware.kryo.unsafe.UnsafeUtil.*;

import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.KryoException;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.io.ByteBufferOutput;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.util.Util;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import sun.nio.ch.DirectBuffer;

/** A {@link ByteBufferOutput} that writes data to a direct ByteBuffer (off-heap memory) using sun.misc.Unsafe. Multi-byte
 * primitive types use native byte order, so the native byte order on different computers which read and write the data must be
 * the same.
 * 

* Not available on all JVMs. {@link Util#unsafe} can be checked before using this class. *

* This class may be much faster when {@link #setVariableLengthEncoding(boolean)} is false. * @author Roman Levenstein * @author Nathan Sweet */ @SuppressWarnings("restriction") public class UnsafeByteBufferOutput extends ByteBufferOutput { /** Start address of the memory buffer. It must be non-movable, which normally means that is is allocated off-heap. */ private long bufferAddress; /** Creates an uninitialized Output, {@link #setBuffer(ByteBuffer)} must be called before the Output is used. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput () { } /** Creates a new Output for writing to a direct {@link ByteBuffer}. * @param bufferSize The size of the buffer. An exception is thrown if more bytes than this are written and {@link #flush()} * does not empty the buffer. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput (int bufferSize) { super(bufferSize); updateBufferAddress(); } /** Creates a new Output for writing to a direct ByteBuffer. * @param bufferSize The initial size of the buffer. * @param maxBufferSize If {@link #flush()} does not empty the buffer, the buffer is doubled as needed until it exceeds * maxBufferSize and an exception is thrown. Can be -1 for no maximum. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput (int bufferSize, int maxBufferSize) { super(bufferSize, maxBufferSize); updateBufferAddress(); } /** Creates a new Output for writing to an OutputStream. A buffer size of 4096 is used. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput (OutputStream outputStream) { super(outputStream); updateBufferAddress(); } /** Creates a new Output for writing to an OutputStream with the specified buffer size. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput (OutputStream outputStream, int bufferSize) { super(outputStream, bufferSize); updateBufferAddress(); } /** Creates a new Output for writing to a ByteBuffer representing the memory region at the specified address and size. @throws * UnsupportedOperationException if creating a ByteBuffer this way is not available. */ public UnsafeByteBufferOutput (long address, int size) { super(newDirectBuffer(address, size)); updateBufferAddress(); } public void setBuffer (ByteBuffer buffer, int maxBufferSize) { if (!(buffer instanceof DirectBuffer)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("buffer must be direct."); if (buffer != byteBuffer) UnsafeUtil.dispose(byteBuffer); super.setBuffer(buffer, maxBufferSize); updateBufferAddress(); } private void updateBufferAddress () { bufferAddress = ((DirectBuffer)byteBuffer).address(); } protected boolean require (int required) throws KryoException { ByteBuffer oldBuffer = byteBuffer; boolean result = super.require(required); if (byteBuffer != oldBuffer) { UnsafeUtil.dispose(oldBuffer); updateBufferAddress(); } return result; } /** Releases the byte buffer immediately, rather than waiting for GC. This output can no longer be used until a new byte buffer * is set. */ public void dispose () { UnsafeUtil.dispose(byteBuffer); byteBuffer = null; bufferAddress = 0; } private void setBufferPosition (Buffer buffer, int position) { buffer.position(position); } public void write (int value) throws KryoException { if (position == capacity) require(1); unsafe.putByte(bufferAddress + position++, (byte)value); setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeByte (byte value) throws KryoException { if (position == capacity) require(1); unsafe.putByte(bufferAddress + position++, value); setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeByte (int value) throws KryoException { if (position == capacity) require(1); unsafe.putByte(bufferAddress + position++, (byte)value); setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeInt (int value) throws KryoException { require(4); unsafe.putInt(bufferAddress + position, value); position += 4; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeLong (long value) throws KryoException { require(8); unsafe.putLong(bufferAddress + position, value); position += 8; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeFloat (float value) throws KryoException { require(4); unsafe.putFloat(bufferAddress + position, value); position += 4; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeDouble (double value) throws KryoException { require(8); unsafe.putDouble(bufferAddress + position, value); position += 8; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeShort (int value) throws KryoException { require(2); unsafe.putShort(bufferAddress + position, (short)value); position += 2; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeChar (char value) throws KryoException { require(2); unsafe.putChar(bufferAddress + position, value); position += 2; setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeBoolean (boolean value) throws KryoException { if (position == capacity) require(1); unsafe.putByte(bufferAddress + position++, value ? (byte)1 : 0); setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } public void writeInts (int[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, intArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 2); } public void writeLongs (long[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, longArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 3); } public void writeFloats (float[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, floatArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 2); } public void writeDoubles (double[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, doubleArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 3); } public void writeShorts (short[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, shortArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 1); } public void writeChars (char[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, charArrayBaseOffset, array.length << 1); } public void writeBooleans (boolean[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, booleanArrayBaseOffset, array.length); } public void writeBytes (byte[] array, int offset, int count) throws KryoException { writeBytes(array, byteArrayBaseOffset + offset, count); } /** Write count bytes to the byte buffer, reading from the given offset inside the in-memory representation of the object. */ public void writeBytes (Object from, long offset, int count) throws KryoException { int copyCount = Math.min(capacity - position, count); while (true) { unsafe.copyMemory(from, offset, null, bufferAddress + position, copyCount); position += copyCount; count -= copyCount; if (count == 0) break; offset += copyCount; copyCount = Math.min(capacity, count); require(copyCount); } setBufferPosition(byteBuffer, position); } }





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