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Reflection Library for the Scala Programming Language
/*
* Scala (https://www.scala-lang.org)
*
* Copyright EPFL and Lightbend, Inc.
*
* Licensed under Apache License 2.0
* (http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
*
* See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for
* additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*/
package scala
package reflect.internal.util
import java.lang.ref.{WeakReference, ReferenceQueue}
import scala.annotation.tailrec
import scala.collection.mutable.{Set => MSet}
/**
* A HashSet where the elements are stored weakly. Elements in this set are eligible for GC if no other
* hard references are associated with them. Its primary use case is as a canonical reference
* identity holder (aka "hash-consing") via findEntryOrUpdate
*
* This Set implementation cannot hold null. Any attempt to put a null in it will result in a NullPointerException
*
* This set implementation is not in general thread safe without external concurrency control. However it behaves
* properly when GC concurrently collects elements in this set.
*/
final class WeakHashSet[A <: AnyRef](val initialCapacity: Int, val loadFactor: Double) extends Set[A] with Function1[A, Boolean] with MSet[A] {
import WeakHashSet._
def this() = this(initialCapacity = WeakHashSet.defaultInitialCapacity, loadFactor = WeakHashSet.defaultLoadFactor)
type This = WeakHashSet[A]
/**
* queue of Entries that hold elements scheduled for GC
* the removeStaleEntries() method works through the queue to remove
* stale entries from the table
*/
private[this] val queue = new ReferenceQueue[A]
/**
* the number of elements in this set
*/
private[this] var count = 0
/**
* from a specified initial capacity compute the capacity we'll use as being the next
* power of two equal to or greater than the specified initial capacity
*/
private def computeCapacity = {
if (initialCapacity < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("initial capacity cannot be less than 0")
var candidate = 1
while (candidate < initialCapacity) {
candidate *= 2
}
candidate
}
/**
* the underlying table of entries which is an array of Entry linked lists
*/
private[this] var table = new Array[Entry[A]](computeCapacity)
/**
* the limit at which we'll increase the size of the hash table
*/
private[this] var threshold = computeThreshold
private[this] def computeThreshold: Int = (table.size * loadFactor).ceil.toInt
/**
* find the bucket associated with an element's hash code
*/
private[this] def bucketFor(hash: Int): Int = {
// spread the bits around to try to avoid accidental collisions using the
// same algorithm as java.util.HashMap
var h = hash
h ^= h >>> 20 ^ h >>> 12
h ^= h >>> 7 ^ h >>> 4
// this is finding h % table.length, but takes advantage of the
// fact that table length is a power of 2,
// if you don't do bit flipping in your head, if table.length
// is binary 100000.. (with n 0s) then table.length - 1
// is 1111.. with n 1's.
// In other words this masks on the last n bits in the hash
h & (table.length - 1)
}
/**
* remove a single entry from a linked list in a given bucket
*/
private[this] def remove(bucket: Int, prevEntry: Entry[A], entry: Entry[A]) {
prevEntry match {
case null => table(bucket) = entry.tail
case _ => prevEntry.tail = entry.tail
}
count -= 1
}
/**
* remove entries associated with elements that have been gc'ed
*/
private[this] def removeStaleEntries() {
def poll(): Entry[A] = queue.poll().asInstanceOf[Entry[A]]
@tailrec
def queueLoop(): Unit = {
val stale = poll()
if (stale != null) {
val bucket = bucketFor(stale.hash)
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(prevEntry: Entry[A], entry: Entry[A]): Unit = if (stale eq entry) remove(bucket, prevEntry, entry)
else if (entry != null) linkedListLoop(entry, entry.tail)
linkedListLoop(null, table(bucket))
queueLoop()
}
}
queueLoop()
}
/**
* Double the size of the internal table
*/
private[this] def resize() {
val oldTable = table
table = new Array[Entry[A]](oldTable.size * 2)
threshold = computeThreshold
@tailrec
def tableLoop(oldBucket: Int): Unit = if (oldBucket < oldTable.size) {
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(entry: Entry[A]): Unit = entry match {
case null => ()
case _ => {
val bucket = bucketFor(entry.hash)
val oldNext = entry.tail
entry.tail = table(bucket)
table(bucket) = entry
linkedListLoop(oldNext)
}
}
linkedListLoop(oldTable(oldBucket))
tableLoop(oldBucket + 1)
}
tableLoop(0)
}
// from scala.reflect.internal.Set, find an element or null if it isn't contained
override def findEntry(elem: A): A = elem match {
case null => throw new NullPointerException("WeakHashSet cannot hold nulls")
case _ => {
removeStaleEntries()
val hash = elem.hashCode
val bucket = bucketFor(hash)
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(entry: Entry[A]): A = entry match {
case null => null.asInstanceOf[A]
case _ => {
val entryElem = entry.get
if (elem.equals(entryElem)) entryElem
else linkedListLoop(entry.tail)
}
}
linkedListLoop(table(bucket))
}
}
// add an element to this set unless it's already in there and return the element
def findEntryOrUpdate(elem: A): A = elem match {
case null => throw new NullPointerException("WeakHashSet cannot hold nulls")
case _ => {
removeStaleEntries()
val hash = elem.hashCode
val bucket = bucketFor(hash)
val oldHead = table(bucket)
def add() = {
table(bucket) = new Entry(elem, hash, oldHead, queue)
count += 1
if (count > threshold) resize()
elem
}
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(entry: Entry[A]): A = entry match {
case null => add()
case _ => {
val entryElem = entry.get
if (elem.equals(entryElem)) entryElem
else linkedListLoop(entry.tail)
}
}
linkedListLoop(oldHead)
}
}
// add an element to this set unless it's already in there and return this set
override def +(elem: A): this.type = elem match {
case null => throw new NullPointerException("WeakHashSet cannot hold nulls")
case _ => {
removeStaleEntries()
val hash = elem.hashCode
val bucket = bucketFor(hash)
val oldHead = table(bucket)
def add() {
table(bucket) = new Entry(elem, hash, oldHead, queue)
count += 1
if (count > threshold) resize()
}
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(entry: Entry[A]): Unit = entry match {
case null => add()
case _ if elem.equals(entry.get) => ()
case _ => linkedListLoop(entry.tail)
}
linkedListLoop(oldHead)
this
}
}
def +=(elem: A) = this + elem
// from scala.reflect.internal.Set
override def addEntry(x: A) { this += x }
// remove an element from this set and return this set
override def -(elem: A): this.type = elem match {
case null => this
case _ => {
removeStaleEntries()
val bucket = bucketFor(elem.hashCode)
@tailrec
def linkedListLoop(prevEntry: Entry[A], entry: Entry[A]): Unit = entry match {
case null => ()
case _ if elem.equals(entry.get) => remove(bucket, prevEntry, entry)
case _ => linkedListLoop(entry, entry.tail)
}
linkedListLoop(null, table(bucket))
this
}
}
def -=(elem: A) = this - elem
// empty this set
override def clear(): Unit = {
table = new Array[Entry[A]](table.size)
threshold = computeThreshold
count = 0
// drain the queue - doesn't do anything because we're throwing away all the values anyway
@tailrec def queueLoop(): Unit = if (queue.poll() != null) queueLoop()
queueLoop()
}
// true if this set is empty
override def empty: This = new WeakHashSet[A](initialCapacity, loadFactor)
// the number of elements in this set
override def size: Int = {
removeStaleEntries()
count
}
override def apply(x: A): Boolean = this contains x
override def foreach[U](f: A => U): Unit = iterator foreach f
// It has the `()` because iterator runs `removeStaleEntries()`
override def toList(): List[A] = iterator.toList
// Iterator over all the elements in this set in no particular order
override def iterator: Iterator[A] = {
removeStaleEntries()
new Iterator[A] {
/**
* the bucket currently being examined. Initially it's set past the last bucket and will be decremented
*/
private[this] var currentBucket: Int = table.size
/**
* the entry that was last examined
*/
private[this] var entry: Entry[A] = null
/**
* the element that will be the result of the next call to next()
*/
private[this] var lookaheadelement: A = null.asInstanceOf[A]
@tailrec
def hasNext: Boolean = {
while (entry == null && currentBucket > 0) {
currentBucket -= 1
entry = table(currentBucket)
}
if (entry == null) false
else {
lookaheadelement = entry.get
if (lookaheadelement == null) {
// element null means the weakref has been cleared since we last did a removeStaleEntries(), move to the next entry
entry = entry.tail
hasNext
} else {
true
}
}
}
def next(): A = if (lookaheadelement == null)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("next on an empty iterator")
else {
val result = lookaheadelement
lookaheadelement = null.asInstanceOf[A]
entry = entry.tail
result
}
}
}
/**
* Diagnostic information about the internals of this set. Not normally
* needed by ordinary code, but may be useful for diagnosing performance problems
*/
private[util] class Diagnostics {
/**
* Verify that the internal structure of this hash set is fully consistent.
* Throws an assertion error on any problem. In order for it to be reliable
* the entries must be stable. If any are garbage collected during validation
* then an assertion may inappropriately fire.
*/
def fullyValidate: Unit = {
var computedCount = 0
var bucket = 0
while (bucket < table.size) {
var entry = table(bucket)
while (entry != null) {
assert(entry.get != null, s"$entry had a null value indicated that gc activity was happening during diagnostic validation or that a null value was inserted")
computedCount += 1
val cachedHash = entry.hash
val realHash = entry.get.hashCode
assert(cachedHash == realHash, s"for $entry cached hash was $cachedHash but should have been $realHash")
val computedBucket = bucketFor(realHash)
assert(computedBucket == bucket, s"for $entry the computed bucket was $computedBucket but should have been $bucket")
entry = entry.tail
}
bucket += 1
}
assert(computedCount == count, s"The computed count was $computedCount but should have been $count")
}
/**
* Produces a diagnostic dump of the table that underlies this hash set.
*/
def dump = table.deep
/**
* Number of buckets that hold collisions. Useful for diagnosing performance issues.
*/
def collisionBucketsCount: Int =
(table count (entry => entry != null && entry.tail != null))
/**
* Number of buckets that are occupied in this hash table.
*/
def fullBucketsCount: Int =
(table count (entry => entry != null))
/**
* Number of buckets in the table
*/
def bucketsCount: Int = table.size
}
private[util] def diagnostics = new Diagnostics
}
/**
* Companion object for WeakHashSet
*/
object WeakHashSet {
/**
* A single entry in a WeakHashSet. It's a WeakReference plus a cached hash code and
* a link to the next Entry in the same bucket
*/
private class Entry[A](element: A, val hash:Int, var tail: Entry[A], queue: ReferenceQueue[A]) extends WeakReference[A](element, queue)
val defaultInitialCapacity = 16
val defaultLoadFactor = .75
def apply[A <: AnyRef](initialCapacity: Int = WeakHashSet.defaultInitialCapacity, loadFactor: Double = WeakHashSet.defaultLoadFactor) = new WeakHashSet[A](initialCapacity, defaultLoadFactor)
}